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Neuroimaging the effects of smartphone(over-)use on brain function and structure-a review on the current state of MrI-based findings and a roadmap for future research

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Psychoradiology 2023年第1期3卷 36-48页

作者： Christian Montag Benjamin becker Department of Molecular Psychology.Institute of Psychology and Education Ulm UniversityUlm 89081Germany The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental HealthSichuan Provincial People's HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute MOE Key Laboratory for NeuroinformnationSchool of Life Science and TedhnologyUniversity of Electronic Science and TechnologyChengdu 611731China

The smartphone represents a transformative device that dramatically changed our daily lives,including how we communicate,work,entertain ourselves,and navigate through unknown *** its ubiquitous availability and impact on nearly every aspect of our lives,debates on the potential impact of smartphone(over-)use on the brain and whether smartphone use can be“addictive”have increased over the last *** studies have used magnetic resonance imaging to characterize associations between individual differences in excessive smartphone use and variations in brain structure or ***,it is an opportune time to summarize and critically reflect on the available *** this overview,we present a roadmap for future research to improve our understanding of how excessive smartphone use can affect the brain,mental health,and cognitive and affective functions.

关键词： smartphone smartphone use disorder problematic smartphone use smartphone addiction internet internet addiction MrI review brain fMrI mental health

A computational framework for improving genetic variants identification from 5,061 sheep sequencing data

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第6期14卷 2332-2344页

作者： Shangqian Xie karissa Isaacs Gabrielle becker Brenda M.Murdoch Department of Animal Veterinary&Food SciencesUniversity of IdahoMoscowIDUSA Superior Farms CaliforniaUSA

Background Pan-genomics is a recently emerging strategy that can be utilized to provide a more comprehensive characterization of genetic *** calling is routinely used to combine identified variants across multiple related ***,the improvement of variants identification using the mutual support information from mul-tiple samples remains quite limited for population-scale *** In this study,we developed a computational framework for joint calling genetic variants from 5,061 sheep by incorporating the sequencing error and optimizing mutual support information from multiple samples’*** variants were accurately identified from multiple samples by using four steps:(1)Probabilities of variants from two widely used algorithms,GATk and Freebayes,were calculated by Poisson model incorporating base sequencing error potential;(2)The variants with high mapping quality or consistently identified from at least two samples by GATk and Freebayes were used to construct the raw high-confidence identification(rHID)variants database;(3)The high confidence variants identified in single sample were ordered by probability value and controlled by false discovery rate(FDr)using rHID database;(4)To avoid the elimination of potentially true variants from rHID database,the vari-ants that failed FDr were reexamined to rescued potential true variants and ensured high accurate identification *** results indicated that the percent of concordant SNPs and Indels from Freebayes and GATk after our new method were significantly improved 12%-32%compared with raw variants and advantageously found low frequency variants of individual sheep involved several traits including nipples number(GPC5),scrapie pathology(PAPSS2),sea-sonal reproduction and litter size(GrM1),coat color(rAB27A),and lentivirus susceptibility(TMEM154).Conclusion The new method used the computational strategy to reduce the number of false positives,and simulta-neously improve the identifi

关键词： Computational framework Genetic variants Multiple samples Sheep

Management of tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in lung cancer with EGFr mutation

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2014年第4期5卷 560-567页

作者： kevin becker Yiqing Xu Division of Hematology and Oncology Maimonides Cancer Center Brooklyn NY 11201 United States

The identification of driver mutations and drugs that inhibit their activity has been a major therapeutic advance for patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma. Unfortunately, the success of these drugs is limited by the universal development of resistance. Treatment failure can result from inadequate drug exposure or selection of resistant malignant clones. Clinically distinct mechanisms of disease progression have been identified and can inform treatment decisions. Investigations into the biochemical mechanisms of tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance may provide additional therapeutic targets by which the efficacy of targeted therapy can be improved.

关键词： Epidermal growth factor receptor mutation Tyrosine kinase inhibitor Lung cancer Adenocarcinoma resistance Targeted therapy

Creating a‘planning emergency levels of service’framework-a silver bullet,or something useful for target practice?

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resilient Cities and Structures 2023年第2期2卷 1-12页

作者： r.Mowll J.becker L.Wotherspoon C.Stewart D.Johnston D.Neely Wellington Lifelines Group New Zealand Joint Centre for Disaster research Massey UniversityNew Zealand The University of Auckland New Zealand College of Heath Massey UniveristyNew Zealand School of Psychology Massey UniversityNew Zealand Wellington region Emergency Management Office New Zealand

‘Planning Emergency Levels of Service’(PELOS)are service delivery goals for infrastructure providers during and after an emergency *** goals could be delivered through the existing infrastructure(e.g.,pipes,lines,cables),or through other means(trucked water or the provision of generators).This paper describes how an operationalised framework of PELOS for the Wellington region,New Zealand was created,alongside the key *** undertook interviews and workshops with critical infrastructure entities to create the *** this process we found five themes that informed the context and development of the PELOS framework:interdependencies between critical infrastructure,the need to consider the vulnerabilities of some community members,emergency planning considerations,stakeholders’willingness to collaborate on this re-search/project and the flexibility/adaptability of the delivery of infrastructure services following a major *** themes are all explored in this *** research finds that the understanding of the hazardscape and potential outages from hazards is critical and that co-ordination between key stakeholders is essential to create such a *** paper may be used to inform the production of PELOS frameworks in other localities.

关键词： Infrastructure resilience recovery Emergency management

PLA2G7: a new player in shaping energy metabolism and lifespan

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第7期7卷 2128-2129页

作者： Lena Susanna Candels Svea becker Christian Trautwein Department of Medicine III University Hospital RWTH AachenAachenGermany

In a recent study published in science,Spadaro and colleagues described the downregulation of PLA2G7 through sustained calory restriction as a crucial factor for lowering inflammatory mechanisms and contributing to ***2G7’s identification as a critical regulatory gene is important to better understand the role of adipose tissue metabolism in regulating immune-metabolic *** data show that long-term calorie restriction(Cr)improves health and extends life expectancy.1 Chronic 40%Cr increases susceptibility to infections in mice,shortening their *** contrast,the Comprehensive Assessment of Long-Term Effects of reducing Intake of Energy(CALErIE)analysis found that moderate Cr in humans over 24 months did not reduce immune functions.14%sustained Cr was associated with improved adipose tissue metabolism,decreased inflammation,and reduced thymic *** et *** that low platelet activating factor acetyl hydrolase(PLA2G7)correlates with immune-metabolic consequences of Cr and contributes to decreased inflammation and a longer lifespan in healthy mid-aged adults.1 PLA2G7 is a lipoprotein-associated calcium-independent phospholipase A2 involved in phospholipid catabolism during inflammatory and oxidative stress responses.

关键词： metabolism sustained PLA2

Preservation of nucleic acids by freeze-drying for next generation sequencing analyses of soil microbial communities

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第1期10卷 81-90页

作者： Christina Weißbecker François Buscot Tesfaye Wubet Department of Soil Ecology UFZ—Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchTheodor-Lieser-Straße 406120 Halle(Saale)Germany Institute of Biology University of LeipzigJohannis-Allee 3-504103 LeipzigGermany German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity research(iDiv)Jena-Halle-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany

Aims Soil sample preservation is a challenging aspect in molecular studies on soil microbial *** demands for specialized sample storage equipment,chemicals and standardized protocols for nucleic acid extraction often require sample processing in a home laboratory that can be continents apart from sampling *** sampling procedures,especially when dealing with rNA,comprise immediate snap freezing of soils in liquid nitrogen and storage at−80℃until further *** these instances,organizing a reliable cooling chain to transport hundreds of soil samples between continents is very costly,if possible at *** this study we tested the effect of soil sample preservation by freeze-drying with subsequent short-term storage at 4℃or ambient temperatures compared to−80℃freezing by comparative barcoding analyses of soil microbial *** Two grassland soil samples were collected in Central Germany in the Biodiversity Exploratory Hainich-Dü*** were freeze-dried or stored at−80℃as ***-dried samples were stored at 4℃or ambient *** storage times for both storage temperatures were 1 and 7 *** DNA and rNA were extracted and bacterial and arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungal communities were analyzed by amplicon 454 pyrosequencing of the 16S(V4-V5 variable region)and 18S(NS31-AM1 fragment)of ribosomal rNA(rrNA)marker genes,*** Findings Bacterial communities were sufficiently well preserved at the rDNA and rrNA level although storage effects showed as slightly decreased alpha diversity indices for the prolonged storage of freeze-dried samples for 7 *** fungal communities could be studied without significant changes at the rDNA and rrNA *** results suggest that proper sampling design followed by immediate freeze-drying of soil samples enables short-term transportation of soil samples across continents.

关键词： lyophilization soil preservation biodiversity microbial communities

The effects of nutrients on stream invertebrates:a regional estimation by generalized propensity score

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Ecological Processes 2018年第1期7卷 218-230页

作者： Zutao Ouyang Song S.Qian richard becker Jiquan Chen Center for Global Change and Earth Observations Michigan State University1405 S.Harrison RoadEast LansingMI 48823USA Department of Environmental Sciences University of Toledo2801 West Bancroft StreetToledoOH 43606USA

Introduction:The effects of nutrients on stream conditions within individual streams or small areas have been studied extensively,but the same effects over a large region have rarely been examined due to the difficulty of applying large-scale manipulative *** this study,we estimated the causal effects of nutrients within the Western United States on invertebrate richness,an important biological indicator of stream conditions,by using observational ***:We used the generalized propensity score method to avoid the common problem of statistical inference using observational data,i.e.,correlation established based on observational data does not imply a causal relationship because the effects of confounding factors are not properly ***:Our analysis showed a subsidy-stress relationship between nutrients and invertebrate taxon richness in the whole Western United States and in its *** magnitude of the relationship varies among these subecoregions,suggesting a varying nitrogen effect on macroinvertebrates due,in large part,to the varying natural and anthropogenic conditions from ecoregion to ***,our analysis confirmed that causal estimation results using regression can be sensitive to the imbalance of confounding ***:Stratifying data into ecoregions with relatively homogeneous environmental conditions or adjusting data by generalized propensity score can improve the balance of confounding factors,thereby allowing more reliable causal inference of nutrient *** respond to the same nutrient levels differently across different site conditions.

关键词： Nutrient criteria Water quality Environmental management Ecoregion

Structure and Function of TPC1 Vacuole SV Channel Gains Shape

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Molecular Plant 2018年第6期11卷 764-775页

作者： rainer Hedrich Thomas D. Mueller Dirk becker Irene Marten Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics University of Wurzburg Julius-yon-Sachs Platz 2 97082 Wurzburg Germany

Plants and animals in endosomes operate TPCI/SV-type cation channels. All plants harbor at least one TPC1 gene. Although the encoded SV channel was firstly discovered in the plant vacuole membrane two decades ago, its biological function has remained enigmatic. recently, the structure of a plant TPC1/SV channel protein was determined. Insights into the 3D topology has now guided site-directed mutation ap- proaches, enabling structure-function analyses of TPC1/SV channels to shed new light on earlier findings. Fou2 plants carrying a hyperactive mutant form of TPC1 develop wounding stress phenotypes. recent studies with fou2 and mutants that lack functional TPC1 have revealed atypical features in local and long-distance stress signaling, providing new access to the previously mysterious biology of this vacuolar cation channel type in planta.

关键词： Ca^2+ sensors TPC1/SV channel vacuole membrane voltage voltage sensor

Targeting of Vacuolar Membrane Localized Members of the TPk Channel Family

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Molecular Plant 2008年第6期1卷 938-949页

作者： Marcel Dunkel Andreas Latz karin Schumacher Thomas Muller Dirk becker rainer Hedrich Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics Julius-von-Sachs-lnstitute University of W0rzburg Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2 97082 Worzburg Germany Heidelberger Institut fur Pflanzenwissenschaften (HIP) University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 230 69120 Heidelberg Germany (K.S.) Present address: Physiological Ecology of Plants University ot T(3bingen Aut der Morgenstelle 1 72016 Tubingen Germany

Four members of the tandem-pore potassium channel family of Arabidopsis thaliana （TPk1, 2, 3, and 5） reside in the vacuolar membrane, whereas TPk4 is a plasma membrane k^＋-channel. By constructing chimeras between TPk1 and TPk4, we attempted to identify channel domains involved in the trafficking process and found that the TPk1 cytoplasmic C-terminal domain （CT） is critical for the Eras well as Golgi-sorting steps. Following site-directed mutagenesis, we identified a diacidic motif （DLE） required for Er-export of TPk1. However, this diacidic motif in the C-terminus is not conserved among other members of the TPk family, and TPk3 sorting is independent of its CT. Moreover, the 14-3-3 binding site of TPk1, essential for channel activation, is not involved in channel sorting.

关键词： Vacuolar Membrane TPk Channel Family Arabidopsis thaliana