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Journal of Iron and Steel research(International) 2011年第S1期18卷 846-850页

作者： C.r. killmore k.r. carpenter H.r. kaul D.G. Edelman J.M. Cairney S.P. ringer J.G. Williams P.C. Campbell W.N. Blejde BlueScope Steel Five Islands Road Pt Kembla 2500 Australia Nucor Steel Indiana 4537 S. Nucor rd. Crawfordsville IN 47933 USA Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Castrip LLC1915 rexford rd. Charlotte NC 28211 USA

The CASTrIP* process produces a range of high strength Ultra-thin Cast Strip (UCS) products (380-550 MPa) in thicknesses between 0.9 mm and 1.5 mm, which is very challenging to produce via conventional hot and cold rolled processing routes. The twin roll CASTrIP process fully exploits the hardenability and strengthening potential of Nb in a low C-Mn-Nb-V microalloyed steel type. Significant microstructural strengthening from solute Nb was obtained, even at low microalloying levels, as well as modest Mn additions, through enhancing the hardenability and further strengthening was obtained in coated products by exploiting age hardening during processing on a continuous hot dip galvanising line. Atom probe tomography and TEM determined that Nb was retained in solid solution and subsequent age hardening resulted from the formation of Nb and V rich nanosized particles. Age hardening was achieved without loss of ductility producing galvanised strip with an excellent strength-ductility combination (Y.S. >600 MPa, T.E. >10%).

关键词： strip casting microalloying niobium ntom probe tomography age hardening high strength CASTrIP Process

Nutritional epigenetics education improves diet and attitude of parents of children with autism or attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第1期14卷 159-178页

作者： renee J Dufault katherine M Adler David O carpenter Steven G Gilbert raquel A Crider College of Graduate Health Studies A.T.Still UniversityKirksvilleMO 63501United States Department of research Food Ingredient and Health Research InstituteNaalehuHI 96772United States Department of Health Sciences University of New HavenWest HavenCT 06516United States Institute for Health and the Environment School of Public HealthState University of New YorkAlbanyNY 12222United States Department of research Institute of Neurotoxicology and Neurological DisordersSeattleWA 98105United States Department of Statistics Food Ingredient and Health Research InstituteNaalehuHI 96772United States

BACk.r.UND Unhealthy maternal diet leads to heavy metal exposures from the consumption of ultra-processed foods that may impact gene behavior across generations,creating conditions for the neurodevelopmental disorders known as autism and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD).Children with these disorders have difficulty metabolizing and excreting heavy metals from their bloodstream,and the severity of their symptoms correlates with the heavy metal levels measured in their *** may play a key role in helping parents reduce their ultra-processed food and dietary heavy metal intake by providing access to effective nutritional epigenetics *** To test the efficacy of nutritional epigenetics instruction in reducing parental ultra-processed food *** The study utilized a semi-randomized test and control group pretest-posttest pilot study design with participants recruited from parents having a learning-disabled child with autism or ***-two parents who met the inclusion criteria were randomly selected to serve in the test(n=11)or control(n=11)*** test group participated in the six-week online nutritional epigenetics tutorial,while the control group did *** efficacy of the nutritional epigenetics instruction was determined by measuring changes in parent diet and attitude using data derived from an online diet survey administered to the participants during the pre and post intervention *** intake scores were derived for both ultra-processed and whole/organic *** sample t-tests were conducted to determine any differences in mean diet scores within each *** There was a significant difference in the diet scores of the test group between the pre-and post-intervention *** parents in the test group significantly reduced their intake of ultra-processed foods with a preintervention diet score of 70(mean=5.385,SD=2.534)and a post-intervention diet score of 113(mean=8.692,SD=1.750)and the

关键词： Epigenomics Parenteral nutrition Autism Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder Ultra-processed foods Heavy metals

Optical neuroimaging:advancing transcranial magnetic stimulation treatments of psychiatric disorders

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Visual Computing for Industry,Biomedicine,and Art 2022年第1期5卷 268-278页

作者： Shixie Jiang Linda L.carpenter Huabei Jiang Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Stanford University School of MedicinePalo Alto CA 94305USA Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Butler HospitalAlpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidence RI 02903USA Department of Medical Engineering University of South FloridaTampa FL 33613USA

Transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)has been established as an important and effective treatment for various psychiatric ***,its effectiveness has likely been limited due to the dearth of neuronavigational tools for targeting purposes,unclear ideal stimulation parameters,and a lack of knowledge regarding the physiological response of the brain to TMS in each psychiatric *** optical imaging modalities,such as functional near-infrared spectroscopy and diffuse optical tomography,are promising tools for the study of TMS optimization and functional targeting in psychiatric *** possess a unique combination of high spatial and temporal resolutions,portability,real-time capability,and relatively low *** this mini-review,we discuss the advent of optical imaging techniques and their innovative use in several psychiatric conditions including depression,panic disorder,phobias,and eating *** further investment and research in the development of these optical imaging approaches,their potential will be paramount for the advancement of TMS treatment protocols in psychiatry.

关键词： Optical imaging Functional near-infrared spectroscopy Diffuse optical tomography Transcranial magnetic stimulation Major depressive disorder Panic disorder Phobia Bulimia nervosa Psychiatric disorders

Controlled generation of picosecond-pulsed higher-order Poincaré sphere beams from an ytterbium-doped multicore fiber amplifier

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Photonics research 2023年第2期11卷 181-188页

作者： kUNHAO JI DI LIN IAN A. DAVIDSON SIYI WANG JOEL carpenter YOSHIMICHI AMMA YONGMIN JUNG MASSIMILIANO GUASONI DAVID J. rICHArDSON Optoelectronics research Centre University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK Institute of Advanced Photonics Technology School of Information EngineeringGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong Provincial key Laboratory of Photonics Information Technology Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Fujik.r. Ltd. Chiba 285-8550Japan

Higher-order Poincarésphere(HOPS) beams with spatially variable polarization and phase distributions are opening up a host of unique applications in areas ranging from optical communication to ***, the flexible generation of these beams with high peak power from compact laser systems remains a challenge. Here, we demonstrate the controlled generation of HOPS beams based on coherent beam combination from an Yb-doped multicore fiber(MCF) amplifier. Using a spatial light modulator to adaptively adjust the wavefront and polarization of the signals seeded into the individual cores of the MCF various structured beams(including cylindrical vector beams and first-and second-order vortex beams) were generated with peak powers up to 14 k W for ~92 ps pulses.

关键词： amplifier polarization fiber

Effect of coronary artery dynamics on the wall shear stress vector field topological skeleton in fluid–structure interaction analyses

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International Journal of Mechanical System Dynamics 2023年第1期3卷 48-57页

作者： Harry J.carpenter Mergen H.Ghayesh Anthony C.Zander Peter J.Psaltis School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering University of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia Vascular research Centre Lifelong Health ThemeSouth Australian Health and Medical Research Institute(SAHMRI)AdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia Adelaide Medical School University of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia Department of Cardiology Central Adelaide Local Health NetworkAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia

In this paper,we investigate the impact of coronary artery dynamics on the wall shear stress(WSS)vector field topology by comparing fluid–structure interaction(FSI)and computational fluid dynamics(CFD)*** one of the most common causes of death globally,coronary artery disease(CAD)is a significant economic burden;however,novel approaches are still needed to improve our ability to predict its *** can include the unique dynamical factors present in the coronary *** investigate the impact of these dynamical factors,we study an idealized artery model with sequential *** transient simulations made use of the hyperelastic artery and lipid constitutive equations,non‐Newtonian blood viscosity,and the characteristic out‐of‐phase pressure and velocity distribution of the left anterior descending coronary *** compare changes to established metrics of time‐averaged WSS(TAWSS)and the oscillatory shear index(OSI)to changes in the emerging WSS divergence,calculated here in a modified version to handle the deforming mesh of FSI *** suggest that the motion of the artery can impact downstream patterns in both divergence and *** magnitude is also decreased by up to 57%due to motion in some *** divergence patterns varied most significantly between simulations over the systolic period,the time of the largest *** investigation highlights that coronary dynamics could impact mark.r. of potential CAD progression and warrants further detailed investigations in more diverse geometries and patient cases.

关键词： computational fluid dynamics divergence fluid–structure interaction topology wall shear stress

Sclerostin antibody improves alveolar bone quality in the Hyp mouse model of X-linked hypophosphatemia

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International Journal of Oral Science 2023年第4期15卷 640-648页

作者： kelsey A.carpenter Delia O.Alkhatib Bryan A.Dulion Elizabeth Guirado Shreya Patel Yinghua Chen Anne George ryan D.ross Department of Anatomy&Cell Biology Rush University Medical CenterChicagoILUSA Department of Oral Biology The University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA Department of Orthopedic Surgery Rush University Medical CenterChicagoILUSA Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity Rush University Medical CenterChicagoILUSA

X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a rare disease of elevated fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) production that leads tohypophosphatemia and impaired mineralization of bone and teeth. The clinical manifestations of XLH include a high prevalence ofdental abscesses and periodontal disease, likely driven by poorly formed structures of the dentoalveolar complex, including thealveolar bone, cementum, dentin, and periodontal ligament. Our previous studies have demonstrated that sclerostin antibody (SclAb) treatment improves phosphate homeostasis, and increases long bone mass, strength, and mineralization in the Hyp mousemodel of XLH. In the current study, we investigated whether Scl-Ab impacts the dentoalveolar structures of Hyp mice. Male andfemale wild-type and Hyp littermates were injected with 25 mg·kg−1 of vehicle or Scl-Ab twice weekly beginning at 12 weeks of ageand euthanized at 20 weeks of age. Scl-Ab increased alveolar bone mass in both male and female mice and alveolar tissue mineraldensity in the male mice. The positive effects of Scl-Ab were consistent with an increase in the fraction of active(nonphosphorylated) β-catenin, dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) and osteopontin stained alveolar osteocytes. Scl-Ab had no effecton the mass and mineralization of dentin, enamel, acellular or cellular cementum. There was a nonsignificant trend towardincreased periodontal ligament (PDL) attachment fraction within the Hyp mice. Additional PDL fiber structural parameters were notaffected by Scl-Ab. The current study demonstrates that Scl-Ab can improve alveolar bone in adult Hyp mice.

关键词： alveolar impaired elevated

Geophysical Surveys over k.r.t recharge Features,Illinois,USA

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2001年第3期75卷 249-253页

作者： Philip J.carpenter Shawkat AHMED Department of Geology and Environmental Geosciences 312 Davis Hall Northern Illinois University DeKalb Illinois USADepartment of Geology and Environmental Geosciences 312 Davis Hall Northern Illinois University DeKalb Illinois USA

k.r.t aquifers supply a significant fraction of the world's drinking water. These types of aquifers are alsohighly susceptible to pollution from the surface with recharge usually occurring through fractures and solution openings at the bedrock surface. Thickness of the protective soil cover, macropores and openings within the soil cover, and the nature of the weathered bedrock surface all influence infiltration. recharge openings at the bedrock surface, however, are often covered by unconsolidated sediments, resulting in the inadvertent placement of landfills, unregulated dump sites, tailing piles, waste lagoons and septic systems over recharge zones. In these settings surface geophysical surveys, calibrated by a few soil cores, could be employed to identify these recharge openings, and qualitatively assess the protection afforded by the soil cover. In a test of this hypothesis, geophysical measurements accurately predicted the thickness of unconsolidated deposits overlying k.r.tic dolomite at a site about 100 km south of Chicago, Illinois. Zones of elevated electrical conductivity and high ground-penetrating radar (GPr) attenuation within the sediments coincided with subcropping solutionally-enlarged hydraulically active bedrock fractures. These fractures extend to over 12-m depth, as shown by 2-D inverted resistivity sections and soil coring. Anomalous electromagnetic (EM) conductivity and GPr response may be due to higher soil moisture above these enlarged fractures. An epik.r.tal conduit at 2.5-m depth was directly identified through a GPr survey. These results suggest that surface geophysical surveys are a viable tool for assessing the susceptibility of shallow k.r.t aquifers to contamination.

关键词： k.r.t geophysics epik.r.t soil pipes recharge infiltration sinkholes

An uneasy alliance:a nesting association between aggressive ants and equally fierce social wasps

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Insect Science 2020年第1期27卷 122-132页

作者： Pablo Servigne Jerome Orivel Frederic Azemar James carpenter Alain Dejean Bruno Corbara Ecologie Sociale CP 231 Universite Libre de Bruxelles(ULB)Campus PlaineBoulevard du TriompheBrusselsBelgium CNrS UMR EcoFoGAgroParisTechCiradINRAUniversite des AntillesUniversite de GuyaneKourouFrance EcoLabf CNrS INPTUPSUniversite de ToulouseToulouseFrance Division of Invertebrate Zoology American Museum of Natural HistoryNew YorkNew YorkUSA CNrS LMGEUniversite Clermont AuvergneClermont-FerrandFrance

Although the Neotropical territorially dominant arboreal ant Azteca chartifex Forel is very aggressive towards any intruder,its populous colonies tolerate the close presence of the fierce polistine wasp Polybia rejecta(F.).In French Guiana,83.33%of the 48 *** nests recorded were found side by side with those of *** nesting association results in mutual protection from predators(i.e.,the wasps protected from army ants;the ants protected from birds).We conducted field studies,laboratorybased behavioral experiments and chemical analyses to elucidate the mechanisms allowing the persistence of this *** to differences in the cuticular profiles of the two species,we eliminated the possibility of chemical ***,analyses of the carton nests did not reveal traces of marking on the *** ant forager flows were not perturbed by extracts from the wasps’Dufour’s and venom glands,we rejected any hypothetical action of repulsive ***,we noted that the wasps"scraped"the surface of the upper part of their nest envelope using their mandibles,likely removing the ants'scent trails,and an experiment showed that ant foragers were perturbed by the removal of their scent *** leads us to use the term"erasure hypothesis."Thus,this nesting association persists thanks to a relative tolerance by the ants towards wasp presence and the behavior of the wasps that allows them to"contain"their associated ants through the elimination of their scent trails,direct attacks,"wing-buzzing"behavior and ejecting the ants.

关键词： Azteca chartifex ants interspecific association mutualism Polybia rejecta wasps scent trail erasure

Maintaining nano-lamellar microstructure in friction stir welding (FSW) of accumulative roll bonded (ArB) Cu-Nb nano-lamellar composites (NLC)

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第1期34卷 92-101页

作者： Judy Schneider Josef Cobb John S.carpenter Nathan A.Mara Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering University of Alabama in Huntsville Department of Mechanical Engineering Mississippi State University Materials Science and Technologies Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies and the Institute for Materials ScienceLos Alamos National Laboratory

Accumulative roll bonded （ArB） Copper Niobium （Cu-Nb） nano-lamellar composite （NLC） panels were friction stir welded （FSWed） to evaluate the ability to join panels while retaining the nano-lamellar structure. During a single pass of the friction stir welding （FSW） process, the nano-lamellar structure of the parent material （PM） was retained but was observed to fragment into equiaxed grains during the second pass. FSW has been modeled as a severe deformation process in which the material is subjected to an instantaneous high shear strain rate followed by extreme shear strains. The loss of the nano-lamellar layers was attributed to the increased strain and longer time at temperature resulting from the second pass of the FSW process. kinematic modeling was used to predict the global average shear strain and shear strain rates experienced by the ArB material during the FSW process. The results of this study indicate that through careful selection of FSW parameters, the nano-lamellar structure and its associated higher strength can be maintained using FSW to join ArB NLC panels.

关键词： Nano-lamellar materials Accumulative roll bonded Cu-Nb FSW Solid state joining

Safety considerations for working with animal models involving human health hazards

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2018年第2期1卷 91-99页

作者： Calvin B.carpenter Animal resources Alcon Research and Development

A human health hazard may constitute a variety of hazards that are encountered in an animal facility. Health hazards include physical, chemical, radioactive, or biological hazards such as cage and rack washers, chemicals used for cleaning and disinfection,experimental drugs or biologics, radioactive isotopes, zoonotic diseases, allergens,experimental infectious agents, or biological toxins. This article will focus on experimental infectious agents and biological toxins(biohazards) that are hazardous to both animals and humans and require biological containment(biocontainment) to prevent their inadvertent release into the environment. key areas for safely managing a biocontainment animal care and use program and vivarium are *** scientific research involving health hazards has created some challenges, it has also provided some excellent advances in methods and technologies. The ideas and approaches in this article will be useful for those just entering this field of research and those who have committed their careers to the safe use of animals exposed to biohazards.

关键词： animal models biocontainment hazards safety