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Paratyphoid fever- Emerging problem in South India

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第10期3卷 815-817页

作者： Ragini Bekur k.E.Vandana k.n.shivashankara Rohit Valsalan Vishwanath Sathyanarayanan Department of Medicine Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal UniversityManipalUdupiKarnatakaIndia-576104 Department of Microbiology Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal UniversityManipalUdupiKarnatakaIndia-576104

Objective:To review the clinical profile and drug susceptibilities of Salmonella paratyphi A in a tertiary care ***:Retrospective analyses of 113 patients with paratyphoid fever and 101 culture proven Salmonella paratyphi A infection were included in the *** study extended over a period of 3 years(2006-2008).Diagnosis of patients were based on clinical features,serology and blood *** drug susceptibility testing of the isolates were performed by the disc diffusion *** presentation,laboratory parameters,susceptibility patterns of isolates,treatment and clinical response were ***:Of the 113 cases,77(68.4%) were males and 36 were females(32.8%),which included 2 pediatric *** was the most common symptom(100.0%) followed by loose stools(37.2%),headache(35.4%),myalgia(31.9%), pain abdomen(29.2%),dry cough(19.5%) and vomiting(13.3%).All patients were clinically cured. Majority of the isolates(46%) were resistant to cotrimoxazole in 2006,however they became 100% sensitive in 2007 and *** the strains became 100% sensitive to ampicillin and chloramphenicol only in *** 2006 the sensitivity of organisms to ciprofloxacin was 89% but in 2007 and 2008 there has been an increasing resistance to ciprofloxacin(46% and 86%) *** 3 isolates(8.1%) were resistant to ceftriaxone in 2006,showed 100% sensitivity in *** drugs used were ceftriaxone in 100 cases(88.4%) and ciprofloxacin in 13 cases(11.6%).One patient had relapse of paratyphoid fever after treatment with ciprofloxacin which responded to ***:Paratyphoid fever A is one of the emerging infections and a significant problem in *** increasing resistance to fluoroquinolones is *** monitoring of drug susceptibilities is mandatory in instituting appropriate therapy.

关键词： Paratyphoid fever Salmonella paratyphi A Antimicrobial susceptibility

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A novel diurnal and seasonal variation analysis of BTEX in Bengaluru urban area

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2024年第1期16卷 14-19页

作者： H.n.Sowmya M.Dinamani G.P.shivashankara H.k.Ramaraju B.S.Surendra Vijaya V.Shanbhag R.Prajwal Department of Civil Engineering Dayananda Sagar College of EngineeringBangalore 560078India Department of Chemistry Dayananda Sagar College of EngineeringBangalore 560078India Department of Physics GFGCVijayanagarBengaluru 560040India

In the urban atmosphere of Bengaluru, various volatile organic compounds(VOCs), particularly Benzene,Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene(BTEX), have shown an increasing trend in concentration. The present research was conducted during summer and monsoon seasons, focusing on kadubeesanahalli, a high-traffic area within the Bengaluru Metropolitan City. Hourly sample data was collected using a BTEX analyzer(Model GC955-600) and subsequently transformed into daily, monthly, and seasonal values. The study revealed distinct patterns in benzene concentrations. Benzene levels were lowest during the early morning hours, specifically from 1:00 *** 7:00 a.m.. Concentrations then increased from 7:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m. and again from 4:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m.,corresponding to the morning and evening peak traffic hours. However, between 10:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m., the concentration decreased due to reduced traffic levels. These diurnal variations in benzene concentration are influenced by meteorological parameters. Comparing the two seasons, higher concentrations of Benzene, EthylBenzene, and MP-xylene were observed during the summer season. This increase is attributed to the elevated temperatures during summer, which promote the vaporization of BTEX compounds. Conversely, lower BTEX concentrations were recorded during the monsoon season due to the wet deposition process. The observed positive correlation(r > 0.5) among BTEX parameters strongly suggests a common source, most likely originating from vehicular emissions.

关键词： BTEX Summer variation Meteorological parameters Correlation

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Compression properties of cost-efficient porous expanded clay reinforced AA7075 syntactic foams fabricated by industrial-oriented die casting technology

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China Foundry 2024年第1期21卷 60-70页

作者： İsmail Cem Akgün Çağın Bolat Ali Gökşenli Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Istanbul Technical University34437İstanbulTurkey Faculty of Engineering Samsun University55420SamsunTurkey

In today’s manufacturing industries,hard competition between rival firms makes it compulsory for researchers to design lighter and cheaper machine components due to the megatrends of cost-effectiveness and *** this point,aluminum syntactic foams(ASFs)are new-generation engineering composites and come into the upfront as a *** to their features like low density,sufficient elongation,and perfect energy absorption ability,these advanced foams have been considerably seductive for many industrial sectors *** this study,an industrial-oriented automatic die casting technology was used for the first time to manufacture the combination of AA7075/porous expanded clay(PEC).Micro evaluations(optical and FESEM)reveal that there is a homogenous particle distribution in the foam samples,and inspections are compatible with the other ASF ***,T6 aging heat treatment was operated on one half of the produced foams to explore the probable impact of aging on the compressive *** results show that PEC particles can be an alternative to expensive hollow spheres used in the previous ***,a favorable relationship is ascertained between the aging treatment and mechanical properties such as compression strength and plateau strength.

关键词： die casting porous materials metal matrix sytanctic foams expanded clay compressive deformation

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Dispersion effect of nano-structure pyrolytic carbon on mechanical,electrical,and microstructural characteristics of cement mortar composite

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International Journal of Smart and nano Materials 2024年第3期15卷 534-578页

作者： n.k.karthikeyan S.Elavenil School of Civil Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennaiIndia

In material science,converting waste into nanomaterials by green technologies highlights the interest in producing sus-tainable carbon nanomaterial(SCn).This study first-ever uti-lized tyre-char as a nano-Structure Pyrolytic Carbon(nSPC)to develop electrically conductive *** other car-bon nanomaterials,the efficiency of nSPC particle as an SCn in developing electrically conductive composites was investi-gated in terms of dispersion,mechanical,water absorption,electrical resistivity,and *** results of sedi-mentation and zeta potential(-19 mV)showed the excellent dispersion of nSPC particle in water with the combined effect of superplasticizer and *** compressive(40.37%)and flexural strength(10.76%)than that of plain cement mortar composite(CMC)is achieved with 2 wt.%and 1.5 wt.%of nSPC particle,*** water absorption rate and volume of permeable voids were reduced,exhibiting less *** percolation zone of AC and DC resis-tivity of nSPC composite ranges between 1 and 2 wt.%,and the established percolation threshold is at 2 wt.%.XRD analysis showed C-S-H formation consistently increased with curing age,and HR-SEM with EDAX analysis exhibits the dense micro-structure and well-distributed nSPC particle at the *** experimental outcomes significantly enhanced the relia-bility and provided a framework for tailoring nSPC particle as SCn for developing electrically conductive composite.

关键词： Sustainable nanomaterial dispersion mechanical properties electrical resistivity microstructure analysis

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Evaluation of slope stability through rock mass classification and kinematic analysis of some major slopes along nH-1A from Ramban to Banihal, north Western Himalayas

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第1期16卷 167-182页

作者： Amit Jaiswal A.k.Verma T.n.Singh Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Indian Institute of Technology PatnaPatna801106India

The network of Himalayan roadways and highways connects some remote regions of valleys or hill slopes,which is vital for India’s socio-economic *** to natural and artificial factors,frequency of slope instabilities along the networks has been increasing over last few *** of stability of natural and artificial slopes due to construction of these connecting road networks is significant in safely executing these roads throughout the *** rock mass classification methods are generally used to assess the strength and deformability of rock *** study assesses slope stability along the nH-1A of Ramban district of north Western *** structurally and non-structurally controlled rock mass classification systems have been applied to assess the stability conditions of 14 *** evaluating the stability of these slopes,kinematic analysis was performed along with geological strength index(GSI),rock mass rating(RMR),continuous slope mass rating(CoSMR),slope mass rating(SMR),and Q-slope in the present *** SMR gives three slopes as completely unstable while CoSMR suggests four slopes as completely *** stability of all slopes was also analyzed using a design chart under dynamic and static conditions by slope stability rating(SSR)for the factor of safety(FoS)of 1.2 and 1 respectively.Q-slope with probability of failure(PoF)1%gives two slopes as stable *** slope angle has been determined based on the Q-slope safe angle equation and SSR design chart based on the *** value ranges given by different empirical classifications were RMR(37-74),GSI(27.3-58.5),SMR(11-59),and CoSMR(3.39-74.56).Good relationship was found among RMR&SSR and RMR&GSI with correlation coefficient(R 2)value of 0.815 and 0.6866,***,a comparative stability of all these slopes based on the above classification has been performed to identify the most critical slope along this road.

关键词： Rock mass classification kinematic analysis Slope stability Himalayan road Static and dynamic conditions

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Langmuir-Schaefer Film Investigation and Density Functional Theory Band Gap Calculations of Calix[n]arene-Para-Aminobenzoic Acid for Drug nanosensor Application

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第5期39卷 1311-1318页

作者： WOnG Yeong Yi F L Supian A Radzwan M Musa n F n Abd karim Department of Physics Sultan Idris Education UniversityTanjong Malim 35900Malaysia Department of Chemistry Sultan Idris Education UniversityTanjong Malim 35900Malaysia

Calix[n]arenes was utilized to detect PABA,the primary sunscreen *** study investigates the interaction of calix[4]arene(C4),calix[6]arene(C6),and PABA using the Langmuir method and first-principle density functional theory(DFT).Using the Langmuir-Schaefer(LS)technique,an ultrathin film composed of calix[n]arenes and their complexes with PABA was deposited on various *** on the Langmuir study,the PABA molecule was bonded to the lower rims of both C4 and C6 with the host-guest ratio of 1:*** of the LS films formed were then characterized by ultravioletvisible spectroscopy(UV-Vis),Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and carbon,hydrogen,nitrogen,sulfur elemental analyzer(CHnS).The band gap reduction obtained in the DFT study denotes the charge transfer interaction with promising reactivity between the calix[n]arenes and *** sensing of PABA by C4 and C6 is successful based on the formation of bonding between them due to the hosts’effective trapping *** outcomes of this study could be applied to drug delivery systems for future pharmaceutical and medical applications.

关键词： calix[n]arenes band gap density functional theory Langmuir-Schaefer PABA sensor

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RBC aggregation,deformation and adhesion to endothelium:Role of nitric oxide derived from L-Arginine and sodium nitroprusside

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第5期17卷 53-65页

作者： M.k.Maksimov P.B.Ermolinskiy O.n.Scheglovitova n.n.Sklyankina A.V.Muravyov A.E.Lugovtsov A.V.Priezzhev Faculty of Physics M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University bld.1subbuilding.2Leninskie goryMoscow 11991Russia n.F.Gamaleya national Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology 18 Gamaleya StreetMoscow 123098Russia k.D.Ushinsky Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University 108/1 Respublikanskaya StreetYaroslavl 150000Russia

Red blood cells(RBCs)are the most abundant human blood *** aggregation and deformation strongly determine blood viscosity which impacts hemorheology and *** turn,RBC properties depend on di®erent endogenous and exogenous *** such factor is nitric oxide(nO),which is mainly produced by endothelial cells(EC)from L-arginine amino acid in the circulatory *** the mechanisms of the RBC-endothelium interplay are not clear up to date and considering its possible clinical importance,the aims of this study are to investigate in vitro:(1)The e®ect of L-arginine induced nO on RBC aggregation and adhesion to endothelium;(2)the nO e®ect on RBC aggregation and deformation induced by L-arginine and sodium nitroprusside without the presence of endothelium in the *** RBC aggregation and adhesion to a monolayer of EC were studied using optical tweezers(OT).The RBC deformability and aggregation without endothelium in the samples were studied using the°ow chamber method and Myrenne *** con¯rmed that nO increases deformability and decreases aggregation of *** showed that the soluble guanylate cyclase pathway appears to be the only nO signaling pathway *** the samples with the endothelium,the\bell-shaped"dependence of RBC aggregation force on L-arginine concentration was observed,which improves our knowledge about the process of nO production by ***,data related to L-arginine accumulation by endothelium were obtained:necessity of the presence of extracellular L-arginine stated by other authors was put under *** our study,nO decreased the RBC-endothelium adhesion,however,the tendency appeared to be weak and was not con¯rmed in another set of *** our knowledge,this is the¯rst attempt to measure the forces of RBC adhesion to endothelium monolayer with OT.

关键词： Red blood cells aggregation L-arginine endothelium optical tweezers Myrenne flow chamber

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Stability Analysis of DC Microgrid Clusters Based on Step-by-step System Matrix Building Algorithm

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 900-912页

作者： k.Jithin n.Mayadevi R.Hari kumar V.P.Mini the Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering TrivandrumAPJ Abdul Kalam Technological University(APJAKTU)ThiruvananthapuramIndia

DC microgrids(DCMGs)are made up of a network of sources and loads that are connected by a number of power electronic converters(PECs).The increase in the number of these PECs instigates major concerns in system *** interconnecting the microgrids to form a cluster,the system stability must be *** paper proposes a novel stepby-step system matrix building(SMB)algorithm to update the system matrix of an existing DCMG cluster when a new microgrid is added to the cluster through a distribution *** stability of the individual DCMGs and the DCMG cluster is analyzed using the eigenvalue ***,the particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm is used to retune the controller gains if the newly formed cluster is not *** simulation of the DCMG cluster is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink environment to test the proposed *** results are also validated using the OP4510 real-time simulator(RTS).

关键词： Converter DC microgrid cluster eigenvalue interconnection particle swarm optimization system stability system matrix

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Empirical model for fusion cross sections of Ca-induced reactions

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第3期48卷 126-132页

作者： Reddi Rani.L n.Sowmya k.n Sridhar H C.Manjunatha M.M.Armstrong Arasu Department of Physics St.Joseph's College(Autonomous)Affiliated to Bharathidasan UniversityTiruchirappalli620002TNIndia Department of Physics Govt.First.Grade CollegeChikkaballapur-562101KarnatakaIndia Department of Physics Govt.First.Grade CollegeMalur-563160KarnatakaIndia Department of Physics Govt.First.Grade CollegeDevanahalli-562110KarnatakaIndia

A new empirical formula for the astrophysical S-factor has been suggested as a function of the Coulomb interaction parameter,center of mass energy,and barrier *** 22 fusion reactions with ^(40,48)Ca as projectiles were considered for different targets,leading to compound nuclei with atomic and mass numbers varying between 40≤Z≤≤Z≤112 and 88≤A≤27888≤A≤278,*** fusion cross-sections have been estimated using the geometric factor,the Gamow-Sommerfield factor,and the empirical formula for the *** study's findings showed better agreement with those of available experiments when compared to Wong's *** present work leads to a smaller standard deviation value than Wong's formula when used to correlate the experimental data of calcium-induced fusion ***'s formula provides a good approximation of fusion cross-sections when the center of mass energy is below the fusion barrier when compared to above the fusion barrier.

关键词： fusion cross-sections Wong formula Gamow-Sommerfield-factor Geometric-factor S-factor

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Optimum Profiles of Endwall Contouring for Enhanced net Heat Flux Reduction and Aerodynamic Performance

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(new Series) 2024年第2期31卷 80-92页

作者： Arjun k S Tide P S Biju n Division of Mechanical Engineering School of EngineeringCochin University of Science&TechnologyKalamassery 682022India

Successfully utilized non-axisymmetric endwalls to enhance turbine efficiencies(aerodynamic and turbine inlet temperatures)by controlling the characteristics of the secondary flow in a blade *** is accomplished by steady-state numerical hydrodynamics and deep knowledge of the field of *** of the interaction between mainstream and purge flow contributing supplementary losses in the stage,non-axisymmetric endwalls are highly susceptible to the inception of purge flow exit compared to the flat and any advantage rapidly *** conclusions reveal that the supreme endwall pattern could yield a lowering of the gross pressure loss at the design stage and is related to the size of the top-loss location being productively *** has led to diminished global thermal exchange lowered in the passage of the vane *** reverse flow adjacent to the suction side corner of the endwall is migrated farther from the vane surface,as the deviated pressure spread on the endwall accelerates the flow and progresses the reverse flow core still *** depleted association between the tornado-like vortex and the corner vortex adjacent to the suction side corner of the endwall is the dominant mechanism of control in the contoured end *** this publication,we show that the non-axisymmetric endwall contouring by selective numerical shape change method at most prominent locations is advantageous in lowering the thermal load in turbines to augment the net heat flux reduction as well as the aerodynamic performance using multi-objective optimization.

关键词： endwall contouring turbine vane heat transfer phantom cooling coolant injection net heat flux reduction aerodynamic performance

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