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Contribution of Satellite Observations in the Optical and microphysical Characterization of Aerosols in Burkina Faso, West Africa

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 154-171页

作者： Nébon Bado Serge Dimitri Bazyomo Germain Wende Pouiré Ouedraogo Bruno korgo mamadou Simina Dramé Florent P. kieno Sié kam Laboratoire d’Energies Thermiques Renouvelables (L.E.T.RE) Université Joseph KI ZERBO Ouaga Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Physique de l’Atmosphère et de l’Océan Siméon-Fongang Université Cheikh Anta DIOP Dakar-Fann Sénégal Institute of mathematics and Physical Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Porto-Novo Benin

In this work, we proceed to an optical and microphysical analysis of the observations reversed by the mODIS, SeaWiFS, mISR and OmI sensors with the aim of proposing the best-adapted airborne sensor for better monitoring of aerosols in Burkina Faso. To this end, a comparison of AOD between satellite observations and in situ measurements at the Ouagadougou site reveals an underestimation of AERONET AOD except for OmI which overestimates them. Also, an inter-comparison done based on the linear regression line representation shows the correlation between the aerosol models incorporated in the airborne sensor inversion algorithms and the aerosol population probed. This can be seen through the correlation coefficients R which are 0.84, 0.64, 0.55 and 0.054 for mODIS, SeaWiFS, mISR and OmI respectively. Furthermore, an optical analysis of aerosols in Burkina Faso by the mODIS sensor from 2001 to 2016 indicates a large spatial and temporal variability of particles strongly dominated by desert dust. This is corroborated by the annual and seasonal cycles of the AOD at 550 nm and the Angström coefficient measured in the spectral range between 412 nm and 470 nm. A zoom on a few sites chosen according to the three climatic zones confirms the majority presence of mineral aerosols in Burkina Faso, whose maxima are observed in spring and summer.

关键词： AERONET Airborne Sensors Aerosol Optical and microphysical Properties

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Ulcerative Colitis in Infant: A Case Report at the University Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo, Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2016年第3期6卷 252-255页

作者： Angèle kalmogho Abdoulaye Ouattara Chantal Zoungrana Caroline Yonaba Flore Ouédraogo Léonce Ilboudo Laure Toguyeni Ludovic kam Département de Pédiatrie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Service de Hépato Gastro Entérologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Service de Pédiatrie médicale du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pédiatrique Charles de Gaulle Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), characterized by acute exacerbations and remissions. We report the clinical case of an infant, an 8 months female baby. The time between disease onset and diagnosis of the disease was 6 months. It was from an unknown etiology. The main clinical picture was weight stagnation, mucoid bloody diarrhea, and rectal bleeding. The macroscopic aspect in anorectoscopy was an erythematous mucosa with healthy beaches intervals. The mucosa was bleeding easily on contact. Pathological examination realized within the various lesions of the association was highly suggestive. The suggested treatment was made of symptomatic, corticosteroids and immunosuppressant’s therapy. Conclusion: Ulcerative colitis is rare in infants and difficult to manage in our tropical context.

关键词： Ulcerative Colitis Infant Pediatric Burkina Faso

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Psychiatry in a War Situation: In Situ Therapeutic Approach to an Attack Case of Ber, Timbuktu in mali

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第4期13卷 345-354页

作者： kokou messanh Agbémélé Soedje Guy Gerard Aza-Gnandji Damega Wenkourama Tchédié Etdéchié Elvyreklikpo koffi mawussé mensah Adjaré-kamé Fidèle Ahara Solo Conde koffi Djotepe Soedje kolou Simliwa Dassa Faculty of Health Sciences University of Lomé Lomé Togo

Objectives: At the beginning of 2012, northern mali was occupied by several jihadist movements with the aim of creating a khalifa that required the intervention of a UN peacekeeping mission after a war that slowed down their development. This mission is the deadliest in a complex attack and UN attack. This experience feedback in an international context of the resurgence of asymmetrical wars makes it possible to share in order to better anticipate and improve strategic approaches to assessments and therapeutic techniques. Description: After the presentation of the context with these particularities and the various adaptations, we made formulations of the missions such as lived and the details on the medico-psychological techniques used. The place of the brief physical examination should not be overlooked. The debriefings, even if they have proven themselves in the evaluation and prevention of psychotraumatic pathologies, must be adapted on a case-by-case basis in a certain programmed improvisation. maintaining the site of the attack survivors without real military activities by reinforcing them with a new functional team was a decisive element in the mourning process according to their own statement. Conclusion: Forward psychiatry is a necessity in asymmetric warfare to maintain the operationality of the troops.

关键词： military Psychiatry Blue Helmet Attacks Psychotrauma UN mission

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Ocular manifestations among HIV Infected Children in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2016年第2期6卷 185-190页

作者： Caroline Yonaba Angèle kalmogho kongnimissom Apoline Sondo madi Nacoulma kigocha Okengo Flore Ouédraogo Chantal Zoungrana Aissata kabore Fla koueta Ludovic kam Département de Pédiatrie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Service des maladies Infectieuses Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Neurology Service Muhimbili National Hospital Dar es Salaam Tanzania Service de Pédiatrie médicale Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pédiatrique Charles de Gaulle Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Ocular manifestations among HIV infected children are diverse and global incidence varies from 7% to 75%. At this age, eye lesions are often unnoticed because of the incapacity to express eye discomfort. The purpose of this study is to describe ocular manifestations among HIV-infected children and hence associated factors in the Department of Paediatrics at the Yalgado Ouédraogo Teaching Hospital. This was a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study conducted between July 2014 and December 2014. A complete ophthalmic examination was systematically done to all HIV-positive children attending the clinic, as part of their routine medical visit. The most recent socio-demographic, clinical, biological and treatment data were registered. Seventy-nine children had an ocular examination and among them 92.4% were on ARV treatment. The incidence of ocular manifestations was 46.7%. median age was 8 years old (interquartile 6 - 12 years old). Sex ratio was 1.3. The risk of ocular manifestations involvement among boys was twice than that of girls. more than half (59.5%) of children who had ocular problems had not expressed ocular discomfort. Ocular adnexal lesions were more common (35.4%) compared to eye segments (8.9%) lesions. Anterior segment and posterior segment lesions were statistically associated with immune system depression (p = 0.003 and 0.001). However, this relationship was not statistically significant (p = 0.15). Five out of seven children who had eye fundus lesions had CD4 count 3. Ocular manifestations were very common among HIV infected children in our context. Ophthalmic examination should be systematic at admission and regularly repeated during follow-up.

关键词： Paediatric HIV Ocular manifestations Ouagadougou

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Psychotraumatic Interventions and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among the Lomé Firefighters

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第S2期13卷 492-502页

作者： kokou messanh Agbémélé Soedje Adjaré-kamé Fidèle Ahara Guy Gérard Aza-Gnandji Aboudourazak Amadou Tchédié Etdéchié Elvyre klikpo Hassimou Bramah Doles Hamza Sama mensah koffi mawussé Josiane Ezin-Houngbe Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université de Lomé Lomé Togo Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université d’Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Equimed Group Sarl Lomé Togo

Aim: This study aimed to assess the quality of the psychological experience of mobile emergency teams, in particular firefighters (FF) in Togo and to identify the psychotraumatic interventions (PI) they face. method: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive, statistical analysis and discourse content analysis study on the PIs of the Lomé FFs. Results: PIs were found to be: road accidents;defenestrations;self-immolation murders;bloody and non-bloody suicides;well interventions with or without drowning;extensive burns;and paediatric procedures. Adults aged 25 to 45 were at a percentage of 69.1% and with a sex ratio of 7.1. more than half of the respondents (53%) had PTSD. Conclusion: more than half of the respondents had PTSD, however, coping strategies were not explored, suggesting the need for further research.

关键词： Firefighters Psychotraumatic Interventions (PI) Togo

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Garcinol sensitizes human head and neck carcinoma to cisplatin in a xenograft mouse model despite downregulation of proliferative biomarkers

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2015年第S1期29卷 80-80页

作者： Feng Li muthu k. Shanmugam kodappully Sivaraman Siveen Fan Wang Tina H. Ong Ser Yue Loo mahadeva m.m. Swamy Somnath mandal Alan Prem kumar Boon Cher Goh Tapas kundu kwang Seok Ahn Ling Zhi Wang kam man Hui Gautam Sethi Department of Pharmacology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore 117957 Cancer Science Institute of Singapore Centre for Translational Medicine Singapore 117957 Division of Cellular and molecular Research Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research National Cancer Centre Singapore 169610 Genome Institute of Singapore Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit Transcription and Disease Laboratory Bangalore 560064 India School of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences Curtin University Western Australia 6009 Australia Department of Biological Sciences University of North Texas Denton Texas 76203 Department of Haematology-Oncology National University Health System Singapore 117957 College of korean medicine Kyung Hee University Seoul 130-701 Republic of Korea

OBJECTIVE Platinum compounds such as cisplatin and carboplatin are frequently used as the first-line chemotherapy for the treatment of the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC).In the present study,we investigated whether garcinol,apolyisoprenylated benzophenone can chemosensitize HNSCC to *** The effect of garcinol and cisplatin on HNSCC was assessed by mTT,Western blotting,real time PCR,FACS,immunohistochemistry,DNA binding assay and xenograft mouse *** We found that garcinol inhibited the viability of a panel of diverse HNSCC cell lines,enhanced the apoptotic effect of cisplatin,suppressed constitutive as well as cisplatin-induced NF-κB activation,and downregulated the expression of various oncogenic gene products(cyclin D1,Bcl-2,survivin and VEGF).In vivo study showed that administration of garcinol alone(0.5 mg·kg-1,ip five times/week)significantly suppressed the growth of the tumor,and this effect was further increased by *** the markers of proliferation index(ki-67)and microvessel density(CD31)were downregulated in tumor tissues by the combination of cisplatin and *** pharmacokinetic results of garcinol indicated that good systemic exposure was achievable after ip administration of garcinol at 0.5and 2mg·kg-1 with mean peak concentration(cmax)of 1825.4 and 6635.7nmol·L-1 in the mouse serum,*** Overall,our results suggest that garcinol can indeed potentiate the effects of cisplatin by negative regulation of various inflammatory and proliferative biomarkers.

关键词： HNSCC chemoresistance NF-κB proliferation garcinol

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南亚季风长期动力:西藏新的高分辨率的古气候记录

南亚季风长期动力:西藏新的高分辨率的古气候记录

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中国古生物学会第20届学术年会

作者：唐领余沈才明 kam-biu Liu J.T.Overpeck 中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所 Louisiana State University Baton RougeLA 70803USA NOAA Paleoclimatology Program National Geophysical Date CenterBoulderCO.80303USA

1993-1995年中美科学家沿成都-康定-巴塘-八宿,波密-拉萨-那曲-嘉黎以及成都-兰州-格尔木-大柴旦3条路线进行野外考察和湖泊钻孔取样,共采集现代表土花粉样品202块(点),在6个小型湖泊中打钻取样,获得了18ka以来连续湖相沉积,累计岩芯25...

1993-1995年中美科学家沿成都-康定-巴塘-八宿,波密-拉萨-那曲-嘉黎以及成都-兰州-格尔木-大柴旦3条路线进行野外考察和湖泊钻孔取样,共采集现代表土花粉样品202块(点),在6个小型湖泊中打钻取样,获得了18ka以来连续湖相沉积,累计岩芯25m。这是恢复青藏高原末次最大盛冰期以来的古植被、古气候的理想材料。本研究花粉分析采样间距为2.5-4cm,磁化率、有机质含量和CaCO等取样间距为1cm,AmSC测年取样间距约为50cm。1现代花粉谱及转换函数

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How to secure the connection between thoracostomy tube and drainage system?

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World Journal of Emergency medicine 2014年第4期5卷 259-263页

作者： ka ki Pat Li kit Shing John Wong Yau Hang Henry Wong ka Lok Cheng Fung Ling So Chu Leung Lau Chak Wah kam Department of Accident and Emergency medicine Pok Oi Hospital Department of Accident and Emergency medicine Tuen Mun Hospital Clinical Skills Training Centre Tuen Mun Hospital

BACkGROUND: Thoracostomy tube insertion is one of the common bedside procedures in emergency medicine and many acute specialties. Dislodgement of thoracostomy tube from the connection tube of chest drainage system is an important problem with potential complications such as contamination, infection and pneumothorax. Besides, mere loosening can also lead to malfunction. It is a common practice to tape the connection of the system. This study aimed to evaluate the materials and methods of connection of chest drain system to minimize drainage dislodgement. mETHODS: We conducted an experimental study to assess the tightness of the connection with various taping materials and methods. We selected three commonly used adhesive materials(3m^(tm) Transpore^(tm) medical tape, 3m^(tm) micropore^(tm) medical tape, 3m^(tm) Soft Cloth Tape on Liner) and three different methods(cross method, straight method, nylon band) to secure the junction between the thoracostomy tube and the bi-conical adaptor in the drainage system. The measured outcome was the weight causing visible loosening of the junction between thoracotomy tube and the ***: For each taping material and taping method, 10 trials were performed. The median weight required to disconnect the junction is 26.22 lb for Transpore^(tm), 31.29 lb for micropore^(tm) and 32.44 lb for Soft Cloth Tape on Liner. A smaller force was required to disconnect if Transpore^(tm) is used(Pmicropore^(tm) and Soft Cloth Tape on Liner(P=0.98). The median disconnecting force is 32.44 lb for straight taping method, 40.55 lb for cross taping method and 21.15 lb for plastic band. The cross-taping method was the more secure method(Pmpared with plastic band)(P=0.033 when compared with straight method).CONCLUSION: Cross-taping is the most secure method among the tested varieties in connecting the thoracostomy tube to the chest drainage system. Transpore^(tm) is

关键词： Thoracostomy tube Drainage system Cross-taping

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青藏高原冰帽花粉记录的气候敏感性

青藏高原冰帽花粉记录的气候敏感性

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中国古生物学会孢粉学分会第九届一次学术年会

作者：唐领余李春海杨保邵亚军 kam-biu Liu 中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所中国科学院寒区旱区环境及工程研究所 Dep.Oceanography and Coastal Sciences School of the Coast and EnvironmentalLouisiana State University

西藏中北部的Nijingangsan、Puruogangri、Dasuopu、Guliya以及青海祁连山Dunde冰帽的冰芯中保存的孢粉是青藏高原中北部上千年至百十年的全新世气候变化和相应植被变化的灵敏记录。冰层的孢粉分析表明总孢粉浓度与夏季降雨呈正相关,与... 详细信息

西藏中北部的Nijingangsan、Puruogangri、Dasuopu、Guliya以及青海祁连山Dunde冰帽的冰芯中保存的孢粉是青藏高原中北部上千年至百十年的全新世气候变化和相应植被变化的灵敏记录。冰层的孢粉分析表明总孢粉浓度与夏季降雨呈正相关,与夏季温度呈负相关。冰心记录的高孢粉浓度表明由于轨道作用力夏季季风可能超出了其现在的界限到达西藏西北及青海地区,代表草原成分的蒿、禾本科花粉增高达40%以上,气候环境相对暖湿;而花粉浓度低,且以藜科为代表的荒漠成分高含量,反映干旱环境。冰心记录显示距今11500以前西藏中西部高的藜科含量显示干旱环境,在青海祁连山地区11ka样品孢粉浓度低(200粒/L)同样意味着晚冰期的干旱环境(Yao,et.,2004;Liu,et.,1998);西藏中部11500-9500a BP之间蒿增加应是相对湿润的环境,9500-6500a BP禾本科增加草原发育,反映夏季风增强,季节降水增多;6500a BP以后禾本科减少反映回到干旱气候环境。中全新世相对的渐温期出现在2700-2200,1500-800和600-80年。中世纪暖期出现在距今790-620年,而小冰期出现在距今330-80年。Dunde冰心2000年以来花粉记录,显示3个干旱期(AD280-640,AD1200-1370,AD1926-1986)和3个湿润期,冷暖期之间出现是小冰期(AD1650和1926),这些结果与同时段氧同位素、树年及历史气候记录基本吻合;1900a BP以后呈现与现代相似的干旱环境。近500年来西藏西北部Puruogangri冰心花粉揭示冰芯中花粉记录与现代气象观测数据的相关性,草原和草甸成分的植物花粉的百分比之和可作为夏季温度变化的良好代用指标,而莎草科/(禾本科+蒿属)[Cy/(G+A)]和草甸植物花粉/草原植物花粉(m/S)比值可作为湿度变化的代用指标。在此基础上结合冰芯δ18O值及冰川积累量,揭示了西藏西北部1450—1640 AD主要发育荒漠植被,气候表现为寒冷特征。1640-1915 AD总体上以暖干气候为主,荒漠面积减小,草原植被扩大。1915-1980 AD气候稍变冷湿,草原植被范围减小,而荒漠植被扩大。1980-2002 AD气候暖干,荒漠植被范围急剧减小,期间主要发育草甸草原植被。而小冰期出现在距今330-80年。Nijingangsan冰心每年冰层的孢粉分析表明总孢粉浓度和冰川积累量与夏季降雨呈正相关,与夏季温度呈负相关;总的孢粉浓度就是冰帽周围草原与荒漠地区有效温度和植被密度的灵敏指示物。最近70年来(1936—2007)Nijingangsan冰心花粉反映研究区荒漠化严重。主要呈现在1995-2007,1965-1945期间最严重。仅1975-1945期间草原有所发展。综上所述,冰帽中如此显著的孢粉变化表明青藏高原植被对上百年的气候变化突发的敏感性。对比Qulccaya冰帽(Bolivia)的花粉研究,最近400年来从公元1500到1700由禾本科/菊科高比值代表的湿润期以及公元1700-1880以灌丛高含量指示的干旱期,与青藏高原冰心花粉记录的湿润或干旱期时间段基本同步,仅花粉组合上有区别。

关键词：孢粉气候冰帽青藏高原敏感性

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Comparative Study of the Thermal and mechanical Properties of Foamed Concrete with Local materials

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2022年第3期10卷 550-564页

作者： Adelaïde Lareba Ouédraogo Sayouba kabré Etienne malbila Abdoulaye Compaoré Ramatou Saré Paul Ilboudo Sié kam Bruno korgo Dieudonné Joseph Bathiebo Florent P. kieno Philippe Blanchard Département de Physique Laboratoire d’Energies Thermiques Renouvelables (LETRE) Faculté des Sciences Exactes et Appliquées (UFR/SEA) Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Département de Physique Laboratoire des Matériaux et Environnement (LAME) Faculté des Sciences Exactes et Appliquées (UFR/SEA) Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies Université de Ouagadougou Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Département de Physique Université de Fada N’Gourma Fada Burkina Faso Département de Physique Chimie Institut de Recherche sur les Céramiques (IRCER) Limoge France

Living in a habitat with comfort is requested by all. Cinder block bricks have poor thermal properties, leading people to use fan heaters and air conditioners to regain comfort. To overcome this problem of thermal discomfort in buildings, we used lightweight concrete such as foamed concrete which is a material that has improved thermal properties for thermal comfort. In addition, this material was compared with local materials used for the construction of buildings such as BTC, adobe and BLT mixed with binders. The results showed that foamed concrete is a material that has good thermal and mechanical properties compared to local materials mixed with binders. The foamed concrete having acceptable thermo-mechanical properties was that having a density of 930 kg/m3. It has a thermal resistance of 0.4 m2·k/W for a thickness of 20 cm. The foamed concrete having acceptable thermo-mechanical properties was that having a density of 930 kg/m3. It has a thermal resistance of 0.4 m2·k/W for a thickness of 20 cm. For sunshine on a daily cycle equal to 12 hours, the characteristic thickness achieved by this material is 7.29 cm. It also has a shallow depth of heat diffusion having a lower thickness than other materials. This shows that foamed concrete is a promising material for the construction of buildings.

关键词： Foamed Concrete Thermo-mechanical Properties Comparison Local materi-als

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