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香港实施DOT后(1986-1999)结核分支杆菌的耐药性监测

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国际结核病与肺部疾病杂志 2002年第3期 92-99页

作者： k.m.kam C.W.Yip 贺晓新 Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory Yung Fung Shee Memorial Center Department of Health Hong Kong

目的:了解香港1986-1999年间不同年龄组结核病流行病学,尤其是耐药率的变化趋势。设计:在香港某结核病中心实验室连续收集了临床结核分支杆菌对链霉素(Sm)、异烟肼(INH)、利福平(RmP),以及对乙胺丁醇(EmB)的药物敏感性检测数据。测量... 详细信息

目的:了解香港1986-1999年间不同年龄组结核病流行病学,尤其是耐药率的变化趋势。设计:在香港某结核病中心实验室连续收集了临床结核分支杆菌对链霉素(Sm)、异烟肼(INH)、利福平(RmP),以及对乙胺丁醇(EmB)的药物敏感性检测数据。测量并分析了新发病例和复治病例中诸如年龄性别以及耐药率等流行病学参数的时间变化趋势。结果:在分离于新发病例的48924株非复制分支杆菌中,7045株(14.4％)对一种或一种以上药物耐受,5773株(11.8％)对Sm和/或INH耐药,881株(1.8％)为耐多药株(mDR-TB)。在分离于复治病例的3857株分支杆菌中,1176株(30.5％)对一种或一种以上的药物耐受,616株(16.0％)对Sm和/或INH耐药,467株(12.1％)为耐多药株(mDR-TB)。在新发病例的分支杆菌中,总和耐药率、Sm单耐药率、INH单耐药率、Sm+INH耐药率以及INH+RmP耐药率均表现出明显下降趋势。对于复治病例的分支杆菌中,也观察到了总和耐药率和INH+RmP耐药率的明显下降趋势。无论是在新发病例还是在复治病例,与其他年龄组相比(16-34岁和35-65岁),65岁以上病人分支杆菌的耐药率(总和耐药率和INH+RmP耐药率)明显低于其他年龄组(16-34和35-65岁组)。结论:经过14年成功实施DOTS策略,以实验室检测数据为基础的监测结果显示分支杆菌的耐药率包括mDR率?

关键词：结核病耐药流行病学香港

结核病实验室常规工作中收集的碱性复红质量差异

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国际结核病与肺部疾病杂志 2010年第1期5卷 10-13页

作者： C.W.Yip k.m.kam 姜广路刘宇红 Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory Centre for Health ProtectionDepartment of Health

背景:从10个不同的常规开展抗酸菌涂片显微镜检查的实验室,收集了正在使用中的碱性复红样本。目的:检查碱性复红染色液组份的差异。方法:首先使用分光光度计在547nm处检测吸光度,以确定碱性复红浓度。再用高效液相色谱分离和定量4种复... 详细信息

背景:从10个不同的常规开展抗酸菌涂片显微镜检查的实验室,收集了正在使用中的碱性复红样本。目的:检查碱性复红染色液组份的差异。方法:首先使用分光光度计在547nm处检测吸光度,以确定碱性复红浓度。再用高效液相色谱分离和定量4种复红的同系物:副品红碱(pararosaniline)、蔷薇苯胺(rosaniline)、品红Ⅱ(magentaⅡ)和新品红(new fuchsin),然后通过质谱(mass spectrometry)鉴定。结果:吸光度方法测量显示10个样本中有3个(30%)碱性复红含量不足(<70%)。发现各样本的组份及其所占比例差异很大。结论:在不同实验室的样本中,蔷薇苯胺+新品红的相对丰度十分稳定。吸光度法和高效液相/质谱对监测碱性复红质量是必要、敏感的方法。

关键词：碱性复红质量 HPLC 分光光度法

System Dynamic modelling of Patient Flow and Transferral Problem in a mixed Public-Private Healthcare System:A Case Study of Hong kong SAR

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2020年第5期29卷 590-608页

作者： C.k.m.LEE W.C.TAI kam k.H.NG Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering The Hon g Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HornHong Kong SARChina School of mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore

The current healthcare system in Hong kong is experiencing pressure due to constrained resources,with dramatic increases in inpatient services queue lengths,dissatisfaction with the working environment,unacceptable workforce arrangements and high turnover rate of hospital *** maintain the robustness of the healthcare system and a sustainable inpatients flow,the Food and Health Bureau launched a public-private partnership programme to utilise the resources of the public and private *** research investigates the potential for extension of the programme and further enhancing the sustainability of the long-term inpatient services under a mixed public-private healthcare policy via system dynamic *** findings show that an increase of human resources in public hospitals does not substantially improve inpatient flow rate ***,the results from the system dynamic approach provide insights into the expansion of the service areas of the programme and suggest increasing the number of referrals to private hospitals.

关键词： System dynamic models scenario analysis inpatient transferral mixed public-private healthcare system

Expanded pore-emanated cracking model for brittle failure of sedimentary rocks under triaxial compression

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Journal of Rock mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第12期16卷 5050-5060页

作者： Esraa m.Alomari kam Ng Lokendra khatri Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering and Construction management University of WyomingLaramieWY82071USA kiewit Corporations ColliersvilleNew YorkNY13747USA

Brittle fracture and its relationship to deformation and strength have been a fundamental area of research in rock *** paper presents an expanded pore-emanated cracking model to better understand the fracture behaviors and predict the compressive strength of sedimentary *** proposed model is developed to account for a triaxial compression condition using the triaxial compression test results on sandstone,limestone and siltstone samples from Wyoming,USA and experimental data on sedimentary rocks collected from published *** normalized critical crack length is determined from the proposed model through which the peak compressive strength is estimated when the stress intensity at the crack tip reaches a critical value called the fracture *** indicate that the rock porosity and pore radius have an inverse relationship with the compressive *** the porosity-permeability relationship,the pore radius is calculated in terms of porosity and grain ***,the effect of grain size is implicitly included in the model and negatively correlated with the compressive ***,a new approach is proposed for the estimation of fracture toughness based on the pore radius and confining *** predicted compressive strengths from the proposed model show a good agreement with the measured strengths with a mean bias(*** ratio of the measured to predicted strengths)of *** influence ofφand k_(IC)onσ1 was thoroughly studied using parametric *** study concludes that the effect ofφis more prominent than k_(IC)onσ*** a constant porosity of 0.1,the stress ratio decreases from 0.0082 to 0.0078 when k_(IC)increases from 0.1 to 0.2,indicating a 5%decrease in stress ***,at a constant k_(IC)of 0.1,the stress ratio increases from 0.0082 to 0.014 when the porosity increases from 0.1 to 0.2,indicating 71%increases in stress ratio and therefore compressive strength.

关键词： Compressive strength mode I fracture toughness Porosity Pore radius Confining pressure

Silicon-based metal-organic frameworks(SimOFs)for immunogenic cell death in cancer therapy

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 628-641页

作者： min Han Zishan Chen Shiying Zhou Zunde Liao Xiangting Yi Yao He Yiling Zhong kam W.Leong College of Pharmacy State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability AssessmentJinan UniversityGuangzhou 511443China Department of Biomedical Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10027USA Institute of Functional Nano and Soft materials(FUNSOm) Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China

Silicon-based nanomaterials,known for their unique properties and favorable biocompatibility,significantly impact sectors like energy,electronics,and ***,metalorganic frameworks(mOFs)have emerged as promising candidates for biomedicine,characterized by adjustable chemical composition,high porosity,and ***,the combination of silicon with mOFs to create silicon-based mOF nanostructures(SimOFs)remains ***,we establish a diverse library of SimOFs with various nanostructures,including flower-like,capsule-like,hexagonal snowflake-like,and necklace-like morphologies via microwave-assisted *** SimOFs,with their spacious interiors,are ideal for drug *** are used to load drugs and create drug-loaded SimOFs(e.g.,SiFeO).SiFeO exhibits excellent photothermal effects and high reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation capacity,enabling synergistic treatments involving chemochemodynamic-photothermal *** approach efficiently triggers immunogenic cell death(ICD)and demonstrates excellent antitumor efficacy in *** staining reveals that the synergistic therapy can modulate the tumor microenvironment(TmE)by reducing m2-phenotype macrophages,increasing the activation of antigen-presenting cells(APCs),enhancing the infiltration of CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)T cells,elevating Granzyme B production,and decreasing the presence of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells(Tregs).Consequently,drug-loaded SimOFs-mediated combination therapy effectively reverses the immunosuppressive TmE and activates robust antitumor immune responses by inducing ICD in tumor cells,ultimately achieving superior anticancer efficacy.

关键词： silicon-based nanomaterials nanocarriers immunogenic cell death antitumor immune responses

Effects of motivation and Demography on the Quantitative Plausibility of the Trojan Horse Defence Against Possession of Child Pornography

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2014年第6期21卷 9-15页

作者： Richard E Overill Jantje A m Silomon kam-Pui Chow Hayson Tse Dept.of Informatics King's College LondonLondon WC2R 2LSUnited Kingdom Dept.of Computer Science University of Hong Kong

The Enhanced Complexity model( ECm) developed previously has been further extended to produce a motivationally Enhanced Complexity model( mECm) which enables the degree of motivation,capability and opportunity of a hypothetical Trojan Horse author to be included in quantifying the relative plausibility of competing explanations for the existence of uncontested digital *** new model has been applied to the case of the Trojan Horse defence( THD) against the possession of child *** results demonstrate that the THD in this case cannot be plausibly sustained unless it can be shown that an ‘off-theshelf'( OTS) Trojan Horse for this task is available and it is not detectable by the target computer,at the material time.

关键词： Trojan Horse defence child pornography digital forensic evidence complexity quantitative plausibility metrics posterior odds

A diagnosis with a twist:Ultrasonographic sensitivity and predictors of pediatric ovarian torsion within a large pediatric hospital

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World Journal of Emergency medicine 2022年第3期13卷 229-231页

作者： mark k.Hewitt Jesse E.marshall-Sheppard April J.kam Department of medicine Division of Emergency MedicineMcMaster UniversityHamilton L8S 4L8Canada Department of Family medicine University of TorontoToronto M5S1A1Canada Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric Emergency MedicineMcMaster UniversityHamilton 8S 4L8Canada

The diagnosis of ovarian torsion(OT)in girls is challenging compared to that of testicular torsion in boys for many reasons,but it behooves the medical community to continue to strive to better identify this uncommon but clinically important pathology^([1]) OT occurs when the ovary and associated structures rotate around its vascular pedicle,leading to eventually irreversible necrosis.^([2,3])Studies attempting to identify clinical features for early diagnosis have not reached a consensus on the best clinical predictors of this condition,making radiographic imaging of the ovaries even more crucial.^([4,5])

关键词： diagnosis pediatric torsion

Asymptotics for the joint tail probability of bidimensional randomly weighted sums with applications to insurance

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Science China mathematics 2024年第1期67卷 163-186页

作者： Yang Yang Shaoying Chen kam Chuen Yuen School of Statistics and Data Science Nanjing Audit UniversityNanjing 211815China Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

This paper studies the joint tail behavior of two randomly weighted sums∑_(i=1)^(m)Θ_(i)X_(i)and∑_(j=1)^(n)θ_(j)Y_(j)for some m,n∈N∪{∞},in which the primary random variables{X_(i);i∈N}and{Y_(i);i∈N},respectively,are real-valued,dependent and heavy-tailed,while the random weights{Θi,θi;i∈N}are nonnegative and arbitrarily dependent,but the three sequences{X_(i);i∈N},{Y_(i);i∈N}and{Θ_(i),θ_(i);i∈N}are mutually *** two types of weak dependence assumptions on the heavy-tailed primary random variables and some mild moment conditions on the random weights,we establish some(uniformly)asymptotic formulas for the joint tail probability of the two randomly weighted sums,expressing the insensitivity with respect to the underlying weak dependence *** applications,we consider both discrete-time and continuous-time insurance risk models,and obtain some asymptotic results for ruin probabilities.

关键词： asymptotic joint tail behavior randomly weighted sum heavy-tailed distribution dependence insurance risk model

Improved functionality of cinnamon oil emulsion-based gelatin films as potential edible packaging film for wax apple

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 572-582页

作者： keisheni Ganeson m.R.Razifah A.mubarak Amin kam Sevakumaran Vigneswari Seeram Ramakrishna Faculty of Science and marine Environment Universiti Malaysia Terengganu21030Kuala NerusTerengganuMalaysia Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science University Malaysia Terengganu21030Kuala NerusTerengganuMalaysia Center for Nanotechnology and Sustainability National University of Singapore119260 Singapore

This study discusses on the tailoring of cinnamon oil emulsion-based gelatin edible films that can encapsulate,protect and release bioactive compounds in food packaging *** effect of this cinnamon oil film for shelf-life extension and storage stabilities of wax apples(Syzygium samarangense L.)was evaluated over 12-day storage at refrigerated temperature(5℃).Emulsion of cinnamon oil and surfactant at different ratios of 70:30(mE1),60:40(mE2)and 50:50(mE3)was incorporated into the films and the interactions between the emulsion and polymeric structure in films were analysed through physical,morphological and functional *** cinnamon oil emulsion-based gelatin films with a ratio of 70:30 exhibited significant increase in mechanical,water barrier,antioxidant activity and thermal *** increase in antioxidant activity of cinnamon oil films revealed that encapsulation of cinnamon oil in gelatin matrix better retains the bioactive compounds for food packaging *** oil emulsion-based films significantly lowered the weight loss of wax apples(12.43%)compared to the control(unwrapped)wax apples(26.40%).Interestingly,this research indicates that encapsulation of bioactive compounds is governed by the ratio of oil to surfactant mixture in *** was proved that the film microemulsion with the 70:30 ratio of oil to surfactant(FmE 70)have better overall performances as compared to the control(gelatin films)due to hydrogen and hydrophobic interactions with protein network of *** conclusion,cinnamon oil emulsion-based films could enhance and modify the functionality of protein-based films creating a biodegradable,sustainable and cost-effective food packaging materials.

关键词： Essential oil Emulsion Bioactive compounds Active films Packaging material