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Progress in research on metal-based materials in stabilized Zn anodes

Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 20-40页

作者： le Li Shao-Feng Jia Ming-Hui Cao Yong-Qiang Ji Heng-Wei Qiu Dan Zhang Shaanxi key Laboratory of Industrial Automation School of Mechanical EngineeringShaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhong 723001China School of Electronic and Information Engineering Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China State key Laboratory for Artifcial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Shaanxi key Laboratory of Catalysis School of Chemistry and Environment ScienceShaanxi University of TechnologyHanzhong 723001China

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs) combine the benefits of metallic Zn anodes with those of aqueous electrolytes and are well suited for large-scale energy storage because of their inherent high safety, cost-effectiveness, and eco-friendliness. Currently, the practical application of such batteries is hindered by the poor cycling performance of Zn anodes due to uncontrolled dendrite formation and severe side reactions, although recent reports suggest that these problems can be mitigated through the modification of Zn anodes with metal-based *** that the mechanisms of improving Zn deposition and the structural evolution of metal-based materials have not been systematically reviewed, we herein systematically overview the metal-based materials used to stabilize Zn anodes, starting with a brief summary of the anode working mechanism and the challenges faced by stabilized Zn anodes. Subsequently, the design principles of Zn anodes stabilized by metal-based materials and the related recent progress are reviewed, and the key challenges and perspectives for the future development of such Zn anodes are proposed.

关键词： Zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs) Zn anode Metalbased materials Alloying metal Stabilized Zn anodes

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A review of covalent organic frameworks for metal ion fluorescence sensing

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Chinese Chemical letters 2024年第8期35卷 74-83页

作者： Deshuai Zhen Chunlin Liu Qiuhui Deng Shaoqi Zhang Ningman Yuan le Li Yu Liu Hunan key Laboratory of Typical Environment Pollution and Health Hazards School of Public HealthHengyang Medical SchoolUniversity of South ChinaHengyang 421001China State key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

The concentration of metallic elements is closely associated with overall ***,the discharge of untreated industrial wastewater can lead to metal-containing pollutants entering the human body through the food chain,disrupting the organism’s homeostasis and posing a risk to human ***-valent organic framework materials(COFs)have emerged as a novel porous material for detecting or adsorbing metal ions due to their unique pore structure,topological structure and flexible *** paper summarizes the role,toxicity,and sources of metal ions related to human health,as well as the design,synthesis and performance of COFs fluorescent materials for detecting these *** inter-action mechanism of different fluorescent COFs and metal ions are ***,the remaining challenges and prospects of COFs fluorescence sensors are *** believe this review will be useful in directing the development of fluorescent COFs towards metal ions.

关键词： Covalent organic frameworks Metal ion Fluorescence Sensing Toxicity

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Vision Transformers with Hierarchical Attention

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第4期21卷 670-683页

作者： Yun Liu Yu-Huan Wu Guolei Sun le Zhang Ajad Chhatkuli Luc Van Gool Institute for Infocomm Research(I2R) A*STARSingapore 138632Singapore Institute of High Performance Computing(IHPC) A*STARSingapore 138632Singapore Computer Vision Lab ETH ZürichZürich 8092Switzerland School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(UESTC)Chengdu 611731China

This paper tackles the high computational/space complexity associated with multi-head self-attention(MHSA)in vanilla vision *** this end,we propose hierarchical MHSA(H-MHSA),a novel approach that computes self-attention in a hierarchical ***,we first divide the input image into patches as commonly done,and each patch is viewed as a ***,the proposed H-MHSA learns token relationships within local patches,serving as local relationship ***,the small patches are merged into larger ones,and H-MHSA models the global dependencies for the small number of the merged *** last,the local and global attentive features are aggregated to obtain features with powerful representation *** we only calculate attention for a limited number of tokens at each step,the computational load is reduced ***,H-MHSA can efficiently model global relationships among tokens without sacrificing fine-grained *** the H-MHSA module incorporated,we build a family of hierarchical-attention-based transformer networks,namely *** demonstrate the superiority of HAT-Net in scene understanding,we conduct extensive experiments on fundamental vision tasks,including image classification,semantic segmentation,object detection and instance ***,HAT-Net provides a new perspective for vision *** and pretrained models are available at https://***/yun-liu/HAT-Net.

关键词： Vision transformer hierarchical attention global attention local attention scene understanding.

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Centrifuge modeling of a large-scale surcharge on adjacent foundation

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第8期16卷 3181-3191页

作者： Jinzhang Zhang Zhenwei Ye Dongming Zhang Hongwei Huang Shijie Han Tong Zou le Zhang key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education and Department of Geotechnical Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China CCCC Third Harbor Consultants Co LtdShanghai200032China Qingdao Conson Jiaozhou Bay Second Subsea Tunnel Co. LtdQingdao266000China

This study investigates the ground and structural response of adjacent raft foundations induced by largescale surcharge by ore in soft soil areas through a 130g centrifuge modeling test with an innovative layered loading *** prototype of the test is a coastal iron ore yard with a natural foundation of deep soft ***,it is necessary to adopt some measures to reduce the influence of the large-scale surcharge on the adjacent raft foundation,such as installing stone columns for foundation *** an acceleration of 130 g,the model conducts similar simulations of iron ore,stone columns,and raft foundation *** tested soil mass has dimensions of 900 mm×700 mm×300 mm(lengthwidthdepth),which is remodeled from the soil extracted from the drilling *** test conditions are consistent with the actual engineering conditions and the effects of four-level loading conditions on the composite foundation of stone columns,unreinforced zone,and raft foundations are *** automatic layer-by-layer loading device was innovatively developed to simulate the loading process of actual engineering more *** composite foundation of stone columns had a large settlement after the loading,forming an obvious settlement trough and causing the surface of the unreinforced zone to *** 12 m surcharge loading causes a horizontal displacement of 13.19 cm and a vertical settlement of 1.37 m in the raft *** stone columns located on both sides of the unreinforced zone suffered significant shear damage at the sand-mud *** to the reinforcement effect of stone columns,the sand layer below the top of the stone columns moves ***,the horizontal earth pressure in the raft foundation zone increases *** stone columns will form new drainage channels and accelerate the dissipation of excess pore pressure.

关键词： Centrifuge modeling Stone column Composite foundation Ground movement Raft foundation

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Aqueous-phase reforming of hydroxyacetone solution to bio-based H_(2)over supported Pt catalysts

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第4期9卷 777-788页

作者： A.k.k.Vikla k.koichumanova Songbo He k.Seshan Joint International Research Laboratory of Circular Carbon Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing211816China Faculty of Science and Technology University of Twente7500 AE EnschedeThe Netherlands CoRe Pro 9723 BL GroningenThe Netherlands

Aqueous-phase reforming(APR)is an attractive process to produce bio-based hydrogen from waste biomass streams,during which the catalyst stability is often challenged due to the harsh reaction *** this work,three Pt-based catalysts supported on C,AlO(OH),and ZrO_(2)were investigated for the APR of hydroxyacetone solution in afixed bed reactor at 225℃and 35 *** them,the Pt/C catalyst showed the highest turnover frequency for H_(2)production(TOF of 8.9 molH_(2)molPt^(-1)min^(-1))and the longest catalyst *** the AlO(OH)and ZrO_(2)supported Pt catalysts,the side reactions consuming H_(2),formation of coke,and Pt sintering result in a low H_(2)production and the fast catalyst *** proposed reaction pathways suggest that a promising APR catalyst should reform all oxygenates in the aqueous phase,minimize the hydrogenation of the oxygenates,maximize the WGS reaction,and inhibit the condensation and coking reactions for maximizing the hydrogen yield and a stable catalytic performance.

关键词： APR Hydroxyacetone TOF Bio-based H_(2) Support effect

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Magnetoresistance hysteresis in the superconducting state of kagome CsV_(3)Sb_(5)

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第10期33卷 30-34页

作者： Tian le Jinjin Liu Zhiwei Wang Xiao Lin Institute of Natural Sciences Westlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzhou 310024China key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province Department of PhysicsSchool of Science and Research Center for Industries of the FutureWestlake UniversityHangzhou 310030China Centre for Quantum Physics Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement(MOE)School of PhysicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Material Science Center Yangtze Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of TechnologyJiaxing 314011China

The hysteresis of magnetoresistance observed in superconductors is of great interest due to its potential connectionwith unconventional *** this study,we perform electrical transport measurements on kagome superconductorCsV_(3)Sb_(5)nanoflakes and uncover unusual hysteretic behavior of magnetoresistance in the superconducting *** hysteresis can be induced by applying either a large DC or AC current at temperatures(T)well below the superconductingtransition temperature(T_(c)).As T approaches T_(c),similar weak hysteresis is also detected by applying a *** scenarios are discussed,with particular focus on the effects of vortex pinning and the presence of timereversal-symmtery-breaking superconducting *** findings support the latter,hinting at chiral superconductivityin kagome superconductors.

关键词： hysteresis magnetoresistance kagome superconductor chiral superconductor

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Top priority current path between SiC particles during ultra-high temperature flash sintering: Presence of PyC “bridges”

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第2期13卷 255-262页

作者： le Lu Tianlong Liu Zhaofeng Chen Fei Wang Mengmeng Yang Qiong Wu Lixia Yang Huanyong Li International Laboratory for Insulation and Energy Efficiency Materials College of Materials Science and TechnologyNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China State key Laboratory of Solidification Processing School of Materials and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Flash sintering(FS)is a novel technique for rapidly densifying silicon carbide(SiC)*** work achieved a rapid sintering of SiC ceramics by the utilization of ultra-high temperature flash sintering within 60 *** carbon(PyC)“bridges”were constructed between SiC particles through the carbonisation of phenolic resin,providing a large number of current *** incubation time of the flash sintering process was significantly reduced,and the sintering difference between the centre and the edge regions of the ceramics was minimized,with an average particle size of the centre region and edge region being 12.31 and 9.02μm,*** results showed that the porosity of the SiC ceramics after the flash sintering was reduced to 14.79% with PyC“bridges”introduced,and the Vickers hardness reached 19.62 ***“bridges”gradually evolved from amorphous eddy current carbon to oriented graphite carbon,indicating that the ultra-high temperature environment in which the sample was located during the flash sintering was successfully ***-high temperature flash sintering of SiC is expected to be applied to the local repair of matrix damage in SiC ceramic matrix composites.

关键词： silicon carbide(SiC) flash sintering(FS) pyrolytic carbon(PyC)"bridges" current path instantaneous

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Carbon uptake by cement in China:Estimation and contribution to carbon neutrality goals

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 2056-2067页

作者： Mingjing MA Zi HUANG Jiaoyue WANG le NIU Wenfeng ZHANG Xiaowei XU Fengming XI Zhu LIU Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordOxfordOX13UK

Cement is a widely used construction material *** manufacturing contributes to anthropogenic CO_(2)emissions ***,its alkaline compounds can absorb CO_(2)from the surrounding environment and engage in a carbonation reaction,thereby functioning as a carbon *** a major cement producer and consumer,China has an important responsibility to rigorously investigate and accurately account for cement carbon *** study presents a comprehensive analytical model of cement carbon uptake from China,revealing a substantial increase in carbon uptake from 1930 to 2021,peaking at 426.77 Mt CO_(2)(95% Confidence Interval:317.67-874.33 Mt CO_(2))in *** uptake accounts for 8.10% to 45.40% of China’s annual land sink and 2.51% to 4.54% of the global land *** cumulative carbon uptake by cement is approximately 7.06 Gt CO_(2)(95%CI:5.22–9.44 Gt CO_(2))during this period,offsetting 50.7% of the total emissions(13.91 Gt CO_(2),95%CI:12.44–17.00 Gt CO_(2))from the cement ***,cement mortar contributed to most absorption(65.64%).From a life cycle perspective,the service stage of cement materials is the period where the largest CO_(2)sink is formed,accounting for 90.03% of the ***,the potential for carbon sequestration in cement materials and their waste is ***,the model improves the accuracy of cement carbon accounting,supporting both China and global carbon neutrality ***,it is crucial for China to achieve its carbon neutrality goals sooner by prioritizing the environmental benefits of cement materials and wastes,and accelerating the development and commercialization of CO_(2)sequestration technologies for cement and its by-products.

关键词： Cement Carbon uptake Life cycle assessment Carbon emission reduction Carbon neutrality

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Sensitivity impacts owing to the variations in the type of zero-range pairing forces on the fission properties using the density functional theory

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 198-207页

作者： Yang Su Ze-Yu Li Li-le Liu Guo-Xiang Dong Xiao-Bao Wang Yong-Jing Chen China Nuclear Data Center China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China School of Science Huzhou UniversityHuzhou 313000China

Using the Skyrme density functional theory,potential energy surfaces of^(240)Pu with constraints on the axial quadrupole and octupole deformations(q_(20)and q_(30))were *** volume-like and surface-like pairing forces,as well as a combination of these two forces,were used for the Hartree–Fock–Bogoliubov *** in the least-energy fission path,fission barrier,pairing energy,total kinetic energy,scission line,and mass distribution of the fission fragments based on the different forms of the pairing forces were analyzed and *** fission dynamics were studied based on the timedependent generator coordinate method plus the Gaussian overlap *** results demonstrated a sensitivity of the mass and charge distributions of the fission fragments on the form of the pairing *** on the investigation of the neutron-induced fission of^(239)Pu,among the volume,mixed,and surface pairing forces,the mixed pairing force presented a good reproduction of the experimental data.

关键词： Nuclear fission Density functional theory Pairing force Potential energy surfaces Fission fragment distribution

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Hydrometallurgical recovery of lithium carbonate and iron phosphate from blended cathode materials of spent lithium-ion battery

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 1275-1287页

作者： Shao-le Song Run-Qing Liu Miao-Miao Sun Ai-Gang Zhen Fan-Zhen kong Yue Yang School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083China Zhejiang Tianneng New Materials Co. Ltd.Huzhou313103China

The recycling of cathode materials from spent lithium-ion battery has attracted extensive attention,but few research have focused on spent blended cathode *** reality,the blended materials of lithium iron phosphate and ternary are widely used in electric vehicles,so it is critical to design an effective recycling *** this study,an efficient method for recovering Li and Fe from the blended cathode materials of spent LiFePO_(4)and LiNi_(x)Co_(y)Mn_(1-x-y)O_(2)batteries is ***,87%A1 was removed by alkali ***,91.65%Li,72.08%Ni,64.6%Co and 71.66%Mn were further separated by selective leaching with H_(2)SO_(4)and H_(2)O_(2).Li,Ni,Co and Mn in solution were recovered in the form of Li_(2)CO_(3)and hydroxide ***,98.38%Fe was leached from the residue by two stage process,and it is recovered as FePO_(4)·2H_(2)O with a purity of 99.5%by *** and P were present in FePO_(4)·2H_(2)O in amounts of 28.34%and 15.98%,***,the drift and control of various components were discussed,and cost-benefit analysis was used to assess the feasibility of potential application.

关键词： Spent lithium-ion battery Blended cathode materials Recovery Lithium carbonate Iron phosphate

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