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Variation of shearwave splitting in earthquake clusters with very similar waveforms

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Acta Seismologica Sinica(English Edition) 2000年第5期13卷 536-543页

作者：王培德 k. klinge F. krüger T. Plenefisch Institute of Geophysics China Seismological Bureau Beijing China Graefenberg Central Seismological Observation Erlangen Germany

Among the records of aftershock observation of the 1991 Datong, China ML=5.8 earthquake, very similar waveforms from clusters of small earthquakes were found. Cross-correlation of the waveforms of each pair in the cluster confirmed the similarities. Re-sample technology is used to improve the sampling rate, which is helpful to distinguish the small variation of shear wave splitting. The variation of shear wave splitting could be found directly from seismograms of each pair in a cluster.

关键词： earthquake cluster shearwave splitting Datong

Geoecological parameters indicate discrepancies between potential and actual forest area in the forest-steppe of Central Mongolia

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第4期8卷 735-754页

作者： Michael klinge Choimaa Dulamsuren Florian Schneider Stefan Erasmi Uudus Bayarsaikhan Daniela Sauer Markus Hauck Department of Physical Geography Institute of GeographyUniversity of GöttingenGoldschmidtstraBe 537077 GöttingenGermany Applied Vegetation Ecology Faculty of Environment and Natural ResourcesUniversity of FreiburgTennenbacher Str.479106 FreiburgGermany Institute of Farm Economics Thünen InstituteBundesallee 6338116 BraunschweigGermany Department of Biology School of Arts and SciencesNational University of MongoliaBaga toiruu 47Sukhbaatar duuregUlaanbaatarMongolia

Background:Forest distribution in the forest-steppe of Mongolia depends on relief,permafrost,and climate,and is highly sensitive to climate change and anthropogenic disturbance.Forest fires and logging decreased the forest area in the forest-steppe of Mongolia.The intention of this study was to identify the geoecological parameters that control forest distribution and living-tree biomass in this semi-arid environment.Based on these parameters,we aimed to delineate the area that forest might potentially occupy and to analyse the spatial patterns of actual and potential tree biomass.Methods:We used a combination of various geographic methods in conjunction with statistical analyses to identify the key parameters controlling forest distribution.In several field campaigns,we mapped tree biomass and ecological parameters in a study area within the Tarvagatai Nuruu National Park(central Mongolia).Forest areas,topographic parameters and vegetation indices were obtained from remote sensing data.Significant correlations between forest distribution and living-tree biomass on one hand,and topographic parameters,climate data,and environmental conditions on the other hand,were used to delineate the area of potential forest distribution and to estimate total living-tree biomass for this area.Results:Presence of forest on slopes was controlled by the factors elevation,aspect,slope,mean annual precipitation,and mean growing-season temperature.Combining these factors allowed for estimation of potential forest area but was less suitable for tree-biomass delineation.No significant differences in mean living-tree biomass existed between sites exposed to different local conditions with respect to forest fire,exploitation,and soil properties.Tree biomass was reduced at forest edges(defined as 30m wide belt),in small fragmented and in large forest stands.Tree biomass in the study area was 20×10^(9) g(1,086 km^(2) forest area),whereas the potential tree biomass would reach up to 65×10^(9) g(>3168 km^(2)).Conclusions:The obtained project

关键词： Biomass Fire Forest-steppe Geoecological factors Mongolia Permafrost

Gut-liver axis improves with meloxicam treatment after cirrhotic liver resection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第40期20卷 14841-14854页

作者： Astrit R Hamza Avdyl S krasniqi Pramod kadaba Srinivasan Mamdouh Afify Christian Bleilevens Uwe klinge René H Tolba Institute for Laboratory Animal Science and Experimental Surgery University Hospital Rheinisch-Westf?lische Technische Hochschule Aachen 52074 Aachen Germany Department of AbdominalSurgery University Clinical Center of Kosova Prishtina 10000Kosovo Department of Anesthesiology University Hospital Rheinisch-Westf?lische Technische Hochschule Aachen 52074 Aachen Germany Department of Surgery University Hospital Rheinisch-Westf?lische Technische Hochschule Aachen 52074 Aachen Germany

AIM:To investigate the effect of meloxicam on the gut-liver axis after cirrhotic liver resection.METHODS:Forty-four male Wistar rats were assigned to three groups:(1)control group(CG);(2)bile duct ligation with meloxicam treatment(BDL+M);and(3)bile duct ligation without meloxicam treatment(BDL).Secondary biliary liver cirrhosis was induced via ligatureof the bile duct in the BDL+M and BDL groups.After 2wk,the animals underwent a 50%hepatectomy.In the BDL+M group 15 min prior to the hepatectomy,one single dose of meloxicam was administered.Parameters measured included:microcirculation of the liver and small bowel;portal venous flow(PVF);gastrointestinal(GI)transit;alanine aminotransferase(ALT);malondialdehyde;interleukin 6(IL-6),transforming growth factor beta 1(TGF-β1)and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha(HIF-1α)levels;mRNA expression of cyclooxigenase-2(COX-2),IL-6 and TGF-β1;liver and small bowel histology;immunohistochemical evaluation of hepatocyte and enterocyte proliferation with ki-67 and COX-2 liver expression.RESULTS:Proliferative activity of hepatocytes after liver resection,liver flow and PVF were significantly higher in CG vs BDL+M and CG vs BDL group(P<0.05),whereas one single dose of meloxicam ameliorated liver flow and proliferative activity of hepatocytes in BDL+M vs BDL group.COX-2 liver expression at 24h observation time(OT),IL-6 concentration and mRNA IL-6 expression in the liver especially at 3 h OT,were significantly higher in BDL group when compared with the BDL+M and CG groups(P<0.01,P<0.001,P<0.01,respectively).Liver and small bowel histology,according to a semi quantitative scoring system,showed better integrity in BDL+M and CG as compared to BDL group.ALT release and HIF-1αlevels at 1 h OT were significantly higher in BDL+M compared to CG and BDL group(P<0.001 and P<0.01,respectively).Moreover,ALT release levels at 3 and 24 h OT were significantly higher in BDL group compared to CG,P<0.01.GI transit,enterocyte proliferative activity and number of goblet cells were in favor of meloxicam tr

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Liver resection Gut-liver axis Mel

Bias-Variation Dilemma Challenges Clinical Trials: Inherent Limitations of Randomized Controlled Trials and Meta-Analyses Comparing Hernia Therapies

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2014年第13期5卷 778-789页

作者： U. klinge Andreas koch D. Weyhe Enrico Nicolo R. Bendavid Anette Fiebeler Berlin Germany Cottbus Germany Department of General and Visceral Surgery Pius-Hospital Oldenburg Oldenburg Germany Department of General Visceral and Transplant Surgery University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen Germany Department of Surgery University of Pittsburgh Medical Center McKeesport USA Shouldice Hospital Thornhill Ontario Canada

Purpose:Evaluation of hernia therapies according to the current rules of Evidence Based Medicine is widely reduced to results of RCTs or meta-analyses. RCTs have been accepted as a most important tool to confirm a superior effect of an intervention. Unfortunately, in hernia surgery, comparisons of RCTs and correspondingly their use in meta-analyses, are not, surprisingly often, able to confirm any significant impact of a specific procedure due to intrinsic restrictions in a multi-causal setting with its web of influences. Methods:Based on our own experiences of clinical studies in surgery, the present article outlines several situations, with their respective reasons, which argue the severe limitations of RCTs and meta-analysis to define an optimum treatment. Results:Meta-analyses accumulate the variations of each trial, which then may cover any clear causal relationship. RCTs usually are dealing with subgroups of standard patients thus excluding the majority of our patients. Low statistical power of current cohort sizes restricts the analysis of subgroups or of effects with low incidences. Simple comparisons of means frequently are hampered by nonlinear relationships to outcome. The relevance of a specific variable is difficult to separate from other influences. The limited surveillance period of studies ignores a delayed change in outcome. Randomization cannot guarantee a standardized patient’s condition. All the arguments have to be considered as a crucial and fundamental consequence of the bias-variance dilemma or principle of uncertainty in medicine, and underline the many limitations of RCTs to evaluate any specific impact of hernia therapies on e.g. infection, pain or recurrence. Conclusions: Many surgical issues cannot be and should not be investigated by RCTs, in particular, if a marked patients’ heterogeneity has to be considered or the low incidences of the outcome readout cannot be addressed with sufficient statistical power without getting lost in the variation mire. Registries with their non-restric

关键词： Randomized Controlled Trial Hernia Surgery Registry Meta-Analysis Clinical Study

Mesh implants: An overview of crucial mesh parameters

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2015年第10期7卷 226-236页

作者： Lei-Ming Zhu Philipp Schuster Uwe klinge Department of Surgery Tongren Hospital School of MedicineShanghai Jiaotong University FEG Textiltechnik mbH Department for General Visceral and Transplant Surgery the University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen

Hernia repair is one of the most frequently performed surgical interventions that use mesh implants. This article evaluates crucial mesh parameters to facilitate selection of the most appropriate mesh implant, considering raw materials, mesh composition, structure parameters and mechanical parameters. A literature review was performed using the Pub Med database. The most important mesh parameters in the selection of a mesh implant are the raw material, structural parameters and mechanical parameters, which should match the physiological conditions. The structural parameters, especially the porosity, are the most important predictors of the biocompatibility performance of synthetic meshes. Meshes with large pores exhibit less inflammatory infiltrate, connective tissue and scar bridging, which allows increased soft tissue ingrowth. The raw material and combination of raw materials of the used mesh, including potential coatings and textile design, strongly impact the inflammatory reaction to the mesh. Synthetic meshes made from innovative polymers combined with surface coating have been demonstrated to exhibit advantageous behavior in specialized fields. Monofilament, largepore synthetic meshes exhibit advantages. The value of mesh classification based on mesh weight seems to be overestimated. Mechanical properties of meshes, such as anisotropy/isotropy, elasticity and tensile strength, are crucial parameters for predicting mesh performance after implantation.

关键词： Hernia repair Hernia mesh Incontinence mesh implan

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达涅利康力斯氧气顶吹转炉工艺过程控制系统

钢铁 2009年第2期44卷 88-92页

作者： G. J. Apeldoorn R. klinge J. S. de Vries W. E. Heijne 达涅利康力斯IJmuiden厂

概括描述了达涅利康力斯公司氧气顶吹转炉副枪系统、动静态过程模型、废气分析系统、智能喷枪系统和底部搅拌系统等技术,以及二级系统/动静态过程模型的配置。提供了一些IJmuiden厂和一家中国用户厂过程控制系统近几年的有关运行数据。

关键词：氧气顶吹转炉工艺过程自动化系统

I型胶原对III型胶原基因在切口疝病人培养的成纤维细胞中的表达

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锦州医学院学报 2006年第4期27卷 1-6页

作者：司忠义 klosterhalfen B klinge U Schumpelick V 锦州医学院附属第一医院外科辽宁锦州121000 The Department of Surgery and the Institute of Pathology of the Technical University of Aachen

目的探索细胞外基质在疝组织改变或由于成纤维细胞转?缺陷导致切口疝发生过程中培养的成纤维细胞中I型胶原mRNA和III型胶原mRNA表达。方法成纤维细胞来自切口疝病人和复发性切口疝病人,对照组来自正常健康组织而没有经过手术皮肤病人和... 详细信息

目的探索细胞外基质在疝组织改变或由于成纤维细胞转?缺陷导致切口疝发生过程中培养的成纤维细胞中I型胶原mRNA和III型胶原mRNA表达。方法成纤维细胞来自切口疝病人和复发性切口疝病人,对照组来自正常健康组织而没有经过手术皮肤病人和虽有切口癍痕但无临床表现切口疝病人。用RT-PCR和North-ern B lotting确定I型胶原mRNA对III型胶原mRNA比率。结果RT-PCR结果表明了I型胶原mRNA在切口疝病人(0.90±0.04)和复发性切口疝病人(1.19±0.04)组中,标相应地在癍痕组织(0.54±0.02)和健康组织(0.43±0.01)。然而III型胶原mRNA在切口疝病人显著增加至4.13±0.04和复发性切口疝病人增加至6.02±0.03,而在癍痕组织2.29±0.04,在健康组织中为1.72±0.03。疝病人的成纤维细胞I型胶原mRNA对III型胶原mRNA比率显著减少(P<0.01)。结论在培养的皮肤成纤维细胞中I型胶原mRNA对III型胶原mRNA的比率减少,表明在切口疝病人存在胶原蛋白代谢紊乱。因此一个损伤的伤口愈合过程可能解释临床缝合修补疝组织不尽满意结果的原因。

关键词：切口疝 Ⅰ型胶原mRNA Ⅲ型胶原mRNA

大隐静脉和上臂头静脉移植对70岁以上病人心肌血管重建作用的比较

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中国心血管杂志 2004年第3期9卷 172-174页

作者：司忠义 klinge U 谷春久锦州医学院附属第一医院心脏外科辽宁锦州121001 德国亚琛科技大学医学院外科德国亚琛52074 中国医科大学附属第一医院心脏外科辽宁沈阳110001

目的　冠状动脉旁路移植术是治疗缺血性心脏病一种常规方法 ,但是由于所采用的移植血管不同 ,导致治疗的效果也不尽相同。目前治疗常用的血管为大隐静脉 +乳内动脉为标准手术术式。然而诸多原因限制 ,有时大隐静脉不适合作为移植材料。... 详细信息

目的　冠状动脉旁路移植术是治疗缺血性心脏病一种常规方法 ,但是由于所采用的移植血管不同 ,导致治疗的效果也不尽相同。目前治疗常用的血管为大隐静脉 +乳内动脉为标准手术术式。然而诸多原因限制 ,有时大隐静脉不适合作为移植材料。本研究对大隐静脉与上臂头静脉作为移植材料进行比较。方法　接受乳内动脉和大隐静脉旁路移植术组 35例 ,平均年龄 77岁 ,接受乳内动脉 +上臂头静脉旁路移植术组 15例 ,平均年龄 75岁 ,二组之间 ,体重 ,心肌梗死病史 ,心功能 ,平均每例冠状动脉病变以及平均移植血管数没有明显差别。结果　乳内动脉和大隐静脉旁路移植术组和乳内动脉 +上臂头静脉旁路移植术组之间 ,乳内动脉的五年累计通畅率分别为 96 %和94 % ,二组之间没有显著性差异 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,大隐静脉的通畅率为 70 % ,上臂头静脉为 4 8% ,二组之间差异性不明显 (P>0 .0 5 )。结论　通过两组间的 5年累计通畅率的比较 ,我们认为在高龄病人上臂头静脉作为移植血管效果差 ,术后通畅率低 ,但可以作为移植血管的最后选择。

关键词：冠状动脉旁路移植术大隐静脉上臂头静脉通畅率

婴幼儿免疫接种前的抗麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹病毒的抗体滴度

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德国医学 1998年第2期15卷 97-98页

作者： J.klinge k.korn U.Heininger k.Stehr 贺永文 klinik mit Poliklinik für kinder und Jugendliche Universitt Erlangen-NürnbergLoschgestr.15D-91054 ErlangenGermany 同济医科大学附属协和医院

联邦德国麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹(MMR)三联疫苗免疫的一项研究报道,接种过疫苗的30名9～12月龄孩子全部产生了足量的抗体。美国1975年的一项研究也指出,15月龄孩子经接种疫苗后也都产生了保护性抗体。故德国联邦卫生部免疫接种常务委员会推... 详细信息

联邦德国麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹(MMR)三联疫苗免疫的一项研究报道,接种过疫苗的30名9～12月龄孩子全部产生了足量的抗体。美国1975年的一项研究也指出,15月龄孩子经接种疫苗后也都产生了保护性抗体。故德国联邦卫生部免疫接种常务委员会推荐从15月龄起进行首次免疫接种。1980年在德国施行三联疫苗接种时。

关键词：麻疹腮腺炎风疹抗体滴度免疫接种