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An exploration of the relationship between wastewater viral signals and COVID-19 hospitalizations in Ottawa,Canada

Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第3期8卷 617-631页

作者： k.ken peng Elizabeth M.Renouf Charmaine B.Dean X.Joan Hu Robert Delatolla Douglas G.Manuel Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science Simon Fraser University8888 University DrBurnabyV5A 1S6BCCanada Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science University of Waterloo200 University Ave WWaterlooN2L 3G1ONCanada Department of Civil Engineering University of Ottawa75 Laurier Ave.EOttawaK1N 6N5ONCanada The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute 1053 Carling AveOttawaK1Y 4E9ONCanada Department of Family Medicine University of Ottawa75 Laurier Ave.EOttawaK1N 6N5ONCanada School of Epidemiology and Public Health University of Ottawa75 Laurier Ave.EOttawaK1N 6N5ONCanada

Monitoring of viral signal in wastewater is considered a useful tool for monitoring the burden of COVID-19,especially during times of limited availability in testing.Studies have shown that COVID-19 hospitalizations are highly correlated with wastewater viral signals and the increases in wastewater viral signals can provide an early warning for increasing hospital admissions.The association is likely nonlinear and time-varying.This project employs a distributed lag nonlinear model(DLNM)(Gasparrini et al.,2010)to study the nonlinear exposure-response delayed association of the COVID-19 hospitalizations and SARS-CoV-2 wastewater viral signals using relevant data from Ottawa,Canada.We consider up to a 15-day time lag from the average of SARS-CoV N1 and N2 gene concen-trations to COVID-19 hospitalizations.The expected reduction in hospitalization is adjusted for vaccination efforts.A correlation analysis of the data verifies that COVID-19 hospital-izations are highly correlated with wastewater viral signals with a time-varying rela-tionship.Our DLNM based analysis yields a reasonable estimate of COVID-19 hospitalizations and enhances our understanding of the association of COVID-19 hospi-talizations with wastewater viral signals.

关键词： Wastewater surveillance COVID-19 vaccination effectiveness Distributed lag nonlinear model Time varying correlation

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Strain engineering in electrocatalysis:Strategies,characterization,and insights

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3603-3621页

作者： Qibo Deng peng Xu Hassanien Gomaa Mohamed A.Shenashen Sherif A.El-Safty Cuihua An Li-Hua Shao Ning Hu School of Mechanical Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300401China Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar University71524AssiutEgypt Department of Petrochemical Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute(EPRI)Nasr City11727CairoEgypt Center for Functional Materials National Institute for Materials Science(NIMS)1-2-1 SengenTsukubaIbaraki-ken305-0047Japan State key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence Electrical Equipment Key Laboratory of Advanced Intelligent Protective Equipment TechnologyMinistry of Educationand School of Mechanical EngineeringHebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300401China National key Laboratory of Strength and Structural Integrity Institute of Solid MechanicsSchool of Aeronautic Science and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing100191China Advanced Equipment Research Institute Co. Ltd.of HEBUTTianjin 300401China

Strain engineering,as a cutting-edge method for modulating the electronic structure of catalysts,plays a crucial role in regulating the interaction between the catalytic surface and the adsorbed molecules.The electrocatalytic performance is influenced by the electronic structure,which can be achieved by introducing the external forces or stresses to adjust interatomic spacing between surface atoms.The challenges in strain engineering research lie in accurately understanding the mechanical impact of strain on performance.This paper first introduces the basic strategy for generating the strain,summarizes the different strain generation forms and their advantages and disadvantages.The progress in researching the characterization means for the lattice strains and their applications in the field of electrocatalysis is also emphasized.Finally,the challenges of strain engineering are introduced,and an outlook on the future research directions is provided.

关键词： strain electrocatalysis characterization chemical reaction kinetics lattice mismatch

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甜瓜果肉硬度kASP标记的开发与应用

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园艺学报 2024年第4期51卷 773-786页

作者：李肯张伟武云鹏彭冬秀张若纬天津科润农业科技股份有限公司蔬菜研究所天津市蔬菜遗传育种企业重点实验室天津300381 蔬菜生物育种全国重点实验室天津市农业科学院天津300392

为提高不同果肉硬度类型甜瓜材料的选择效率,以脆肉甜瓜自交系20S11和软肉甜瓜自交系20S75为亲本,构建F_(2)与BC_(1)F_(1)群体,分析了果肉硬度性状的遗传规律为单基因遗传,脆肉相对于软肉为显性。根据F_(2)分离群体构建果肉硬度极端性... 详细信息

为提高不同果肉硬度类型甜瓜材料的选择效率,以脆肉甜瓜自交系20S11和软肉甜瓜自交系20S75为亲本,构建F_(2)与BC_(1)F_(1)群体,分析了果肉硬度性状的遗传规律为单基因遗传,脆肉相对于软肉为显性。根据F_(2)分离群体构建果肉硬度极端性状混池,利用全基因组重测序结合图位克隆技术,将果肉硬度基因CmPf1定位在10号染色体上约54.71 kb的区域内。通过重测序分析发现,软肉甜瓜20S75中编码GATL3(galacturonosyltransferase-like 3)的基因MELO3C012216(CmGATL3)存在1处终止密码突变,位于编码区第567位碱基处(C–G),导致蛋白翻译提前终止,造成转移酶蛋白结构域完全缺失。利用qRT-PCR对CmGATL3进行表达模式分析,结果显示其在脆肉甜瓜20S11中的表达量显著高于软肉甜瓜20S75。基于上述变异位点,开发PF-kASP分子标记并对56份甜瓜自交系材料进行基因型检测,其中脆肉材料均表现为C︰C型,软肉材料均表现为G︰G型,标记呈共显性。进一步利用PF-kASP对F_(2)群体进行基因型鉴定,与果肉硬度表型鉴定结果相比较,准确率达到100%。

关键词：甜瓜果肉硬度基因定位 kASP标记辅助选择育种

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Exploiting plant transcriptomic databases:Resources,tools,and approaches

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Plant Communications 2022年第4期3卷 1-13页

作者： peng ken Lim Xinghai Zheng Jong Ching Goh Marek Mutwi School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological University60 Nanyang DriveSingapore 637551Singapore

There are now more than 300000 RNA sequencing samples available,stemming from thousands of exper-iments capturing gene expression in organs,tissues,developmental stages,and experimental treatments for hundreds of plant species.The expression data have great value,as they can be re-analyzed by others to ask and answer questions that go beyond the aims of the study that generated the data.Because gene expression provides essential clues to where and when a gene is active,the data provide powerful tools for predicting gene function,and comparative analyses allow us to study plant evolution from a new perspective.This review describes how we can gain new knowledge from gene expression profiles,expres-sion specificities,co-expression networks,differential gene expression,and experiment correlation.We also introduce and demonstrate databases that provide user-friendly access to these tools.

关键词： gene expression comparative transcriptomics gene function co-express ion differential expr ession databases

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毕节市国家重点保护野生植物资源研究

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陕西林业科技 2024年第1期52卷 50-55页

作者：徐世朋令狐克念徐永服代丽李鹤毕节市七星关区白马山国有林场贵州毕节551700 贵州省林业科学研究院贵州贵阳550005 毕节市七星关区林业局贵州毕节551700

为了解毕节市国家重点保护野生植物物种组成、生活型组成、珍稀濒危等级、水平分布特征,加强毕节市国家重点保护野生植物资源的保护,本文通过大量文献调查对毕节市现存的国家重点保护野生植物资源进行统计与分析。结果表明:毕节市分布... 详细信息

为了解毕节市国家重点保护野生植物物种组成、生活型组成、珍稀濒危等级、水平分布特征,加强毕节市国家重点保护野生植物资源的保护,本文通过大量文献调查对毕节市现存的国家重点保护野生植物资源进行统计与分析。结果表明:毕节市分布的国家重点保护野生植物有71种,隶属31科42属,占全省国家重点保护野生植物的33.81%,其中被子植物57种,裸子植物5种,石松和蕨类植物5种,苔藓植物3种,真菌1种;生活型以草本或常绿物种居多;珍稀濒危等级评估方面,近危或近危以上物种有38种,占总种数的54.29%;分布不均匀,部分物种群聚明显。今后应进一步加强本地区资源调查和保护宣传力度,进一步落实珍稀濒危植物保护法律法规,加强狭域分布和极小种群的监测和保护力度。

关键词：国家重点保护野生植物现状保护建议毕节市

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Apochromatic X-ray focusing

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第7期12卷 1301-1308页

作者： Umut T.Sanli Griin Rodgers Marie-Christine Zdoraol peng Qio Jan Garrevoet ken Vidar Falch Bert Muller Christian David Joan Vila-Comamala Paul Scherrer Institute Laboratory for X-ray Nanoscience and TechnologiesForschungsstrasse 1115232 ViligenSwitzerland Biomaterials Science Center Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of BaselHegenheimermattweg 167 B4123 AllschwilSwitzerland Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestr.8522607 HamburgGermany

Achromatic doublets are combinations of two individual lenses designed to focus different wavelengths of light in the same position.Apochromatic optics are improved versions of the achromatic schemes which extend the wavelength range significantly.Both achromatic and apochromatic optics are well-established for visible light.However,X-ray achromatic lenses did not exist until very recently,and X-ray apochromatic lenses have never been experimentally demonstrated.Here,we create an X-ray apochromatic lens system using an appropriate combination of a Fresnel zone plate and a diverging compound refractive lens with a tuned separation distance.The energy-dependent performance of this apochromat was characterized at photon energies between 6.5 and 13.0 keV by ptychographic reconstruction of the focal spot and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy of a resolution test sample.The apochromat delivered a reconstructed focal spot size of 940×740 nm^(2).The apochromatic combination shows a four-fold improvement in the chromatic aberration correction range compared to an achromatic doublet configuration.Thus,apochromatic X-ray optics have the potential to increase the focal spot intensity for a wide variety of X-ray applications.

关键词： chromatic optics correction

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Freestanding hierarchical porous carbon film derived from hybrid nanocellulose for high-power supercapacitors

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Nano Research 2017年第5期10卷 1847-1860页

作者： Zhi Li kaveh Ahadi keren Jiang Behzad Ahvazi peng Li Anthony O. Anyia ken Cadien Thomas Thundat Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2V4 Canada Biomass Conversion & Processing Technologies InnoTech Alberta Innovates-Technology Futures Edmonton Alberta T6N 1E4 Canada nanoFAB University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2V4 Canada National Research Council of Canada 100 Sussex Drive Ottawa Ontario K1A OR6 Canada

Nanocellulose is a sustainable and eco-friendly nanomaterial derived from renewable biomass. In this study, we utilized the structural advantages of two types of nanocellulose and fabricated freestanding carbonized hybrid nanocellulose films as electrode materials for supercapacitors. The long cellulose nanofibrils （CNFs） formed a macroporous framework, and the short cellulose nanocrystals were assembled around the CNF framework and generated micro/mesopores. This two-level hierarchical porous structure was successfully preserved during carbonization because of a thin atomic layer deposited （ALD） A1203 conformal coating, which effectively prevented the aggregation of nanocellulose. These carbonized, partially graphitized nanocellulose fibers were interconnected, forming an integrated and highly conductive network with a large specific surface area of 1,244 m2·g-1. The two-level hierarchical porous structure facilitated fast ion transport in the film. When tested as an electrode material with a high mass loading of 4 mg·cm-2 for supercapacitors, the hierarchical porous carbon film derived from hybrid nanocellulose exhibited a specific capacitance of 170 F·g-1 and extraordinary performance at high current densities. Even at a very high current of 50 A-g-l, it retained 65% of its original specific capacitance, which makes it a promising electrode material for high-power applications.

关键词： nanocellulose,supercapacitors,hierarchical structure,atomic layer deposition（ALD）,integrated structure

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Building bioorthogonal click-release capable artificial receptors on cancer cell surface for imaging,drug targeting and delivery

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药学学报:英文版 2023年第6期13卷 2736-2746页

作者： Jing Chen peng Ji Giri Gnawali Mengyang Chang Feng Gao Hang Xu Wei Wang Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA BIO5 Institute and University of Arizona Cancer CenterUniversity of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA

The current targeting drug delivery mainly relies on cancer cell surface receptors.However,in many cases,binding affinities between protein receptors and homing ligands is relatively low and the expression level between cancer and normal cells is not significant.Distinct from conventional targeting strategies,we have developed a general cancer targeting platform by building artificial receptor on cancer cell surface via a chemical remodeling of cell surface glycans.A new tetrazine(Tz)functionalized chemical receptor has been designed and efficiently installed on cancer cell surface as“overexpressed”biomarker through a metabolic glycan engineering.Different from the reported bioconjugation for drug targeting,the tetrazine labeled cancer cells not only locally activate TCO-caged prodrugs but also release active drugs via the unique bioorthogonal Tz-TCO click-release reaction.The studies have demonstrated that the new drug targeting strategy enables local activation of prodrug,which ultimately leads to effective and safe cancer therapy.

关键词： Artificial receptor Click and release Local activation Protein degradation

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THE EFFECTS OF MONSOONS AND CONNECTIVITY OF SOUTH CHINA SEA ON THE SEASONAL VARIATIONS OF WATER EXCHANGE IN THE LUZON STRAIT

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2009年第2期21卷 264-270页

作者： ZHAO Wei HOU Yi-jun QI peng LE ken-tang LI Ming-kui Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China National Meteorological Center Beijing 100081 China

Seasonal variations of water exchange in the Luzon Strait are studied numerically using the improved Princeton Ocean Model （POM） with a consideration of the effects of connectivity of South China Sea （SCS） and monsoons. The numerical simulations are carried out with the strategy of variable grids, coarse grids for the Pacific basin and fine grids for the SCS. It is shown that the Mindoro Strait plays an important role in adjusting the water balance between the Pacific and the SCS. The SCS monsoon in summer seasons hinders the entrance of the Pacific water into the SCS through the Luzon Strait while the SCS monsoon in winter seasons promotes the entrance of Pacific water into the SCS through the Luzon Strait. However, the SCS monsoon does not affect the annual mean Luzon Strait transport, as is mainly determined by the Pacific basin wind.

关键词： numerical experiment kuroshio Luzon Strait transport seasonal variation

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Light-induced irreversible structural phase transition in trilayer graphene

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 335-345页

作者： Jianyu Zhang Jinsen Han Gang peng Xi Yang Xiaoming Yuan Yongjun Li Jianing Chen Wei Xu ken Liu Zhihong Zhu Weiqi Cao Zheng Han Jiayu Dai Mengjian Zhu Shiqiao Qin kostya S.Novoselov Department of Physics National University of Defense Technology410073 ChangshaChina College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense Technology410073 ChangshaChina Hunan key Laboratory of Super Micro-structure and Ultrafast Process School of Physics and ElectronicsCentral South University410083 ChangshaChina Quantum Design China(Beijing)Co. Ltd100015 BeijingChina Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences100190 BeijingChina School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences100049 BeijingChina Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808 GuangdongChina Chongqing 2D Materials Institute Liangjiang New Area400714 ChongqingChina Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences110016 ShenyangChina School of Material Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China230026 AnhuiChina State key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices Institute of Opto-ElectronicsShanxi University030006 TaiyuanChina Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117575Singapore

A crystal structure has a profound influence on the physical properties of the corresponding material.By synthesizing crystals with particular symmetries,one can strongly tune their properties,even for the same chemical configuration(compare graphite and diamond,for instance).Even more interesting opportunities arise when the structural phases of crystals can be changed dynamically through external stimulations.Such abilities,though rare,lead to a number of exciting phenomena,such as phase-change memory effects.In the case of trilayer graphene,there are two common stacking configurations(ABA and ABC)that have distinct electronic band structures and exhibit very different behaviors.Domain walls exist in the trilayer graphene with both stacking orders,showing fascinating new physics such as the quantum valley Hall effect.Extensive efforts have been dedicated to the phase engineering of trilayer graphene.However,the manipulation of domain walls to achieve precise control of local structures and properties remains a considerable challenge.Here,we experimentally demonstrate that we can switch from one structural phase to another by laser irradiation,creating domains of different shapes in trilayer graphene.The ability to control the position and orientation of the domain walls leads to fine control of the local structural phases and properties of graphene,offering a simple but effective approach to create artificial two-dimensional materials with designed atomic structures and electronic and optical properties.

关键词： structural walls phase

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