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Considering the Fault Dependency Concept with Debugging Time Lag in Software Reliability Growth Modeling Using a Power Function of Testing Time

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2007年第4期4卷 359-368页

作者： V.B.Singh kalpana Yadav Reecha kapur V.S.S.Yadavalli Delhi College of Arts and Commerce University of DelhiDelhi 110023India Indira Gandhi Institute of Technology Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha UniversityDelhi 110006India Department of Mathematics and Computer Application Bundelkhand UniversityJhansi 284128India Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of PretoriaPretoria 0002South Africa

Since the early 1970s tremendous growth has been seen in the research of software reliability growth modeling. In general, software reliability growth models （SRGMs） are applicable to the late stages of testing in software development and they can provide useful information about how to improve the reliability of software products. A number of SRGMs have been proposed in the literature to represent time-dependent fault identification / removal phenomenon; still new models are being proposed that could fit a greater number of reliability growth curves. Often, it is assumed that detected faults are immediately corrected when mathematical models are developed. This assumption may not be realistic in practice because the time to remove a detected fault depends on the complexity of the fault, the skill and experience of the personnel, the size of the debugging team, the technique, and so on. Thus, the detected fault need not be immediately removed, and it may lag the fault detection process by a delay effect factor. In this paper, we first review how different software reliability growth models have been developed, where fault detection process is dependent not only on the number of residual fault content but also on the testing time, and see how these models can be reinterpreted as the delayed fault detection model by using a delay effect factor. Based on the power function of the testing time concept, we propose four new SRGMs that assume the presence of two types of faults in the software： leading and dependent faults. Leading faults are those that can be removed upon a failure being observed. However, dependent faults are masked by leading faults and can only be removed after the corresponding leading fault has been removed with a debugging time lag. These models have been tested on real software error data to show its goodness of fit, predictive validity and applicability.

关键词： Non-homogeneous Poisson process fault dependency leading fault dependent fault delay effect.

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Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in China: Perspective, Progress and Prospects

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Maternal-Fetal Medicine 2019年第1期1卷 31-37页

作者： Juan Juan Hui-Xia Yang Ri-Na Su Anil kapur Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Peking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China World Diabetes Foundation Gentofte 2820Denmark

Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)is one of the most common complications during *** extensive research in the past 50 years,the universal approach to diagnose GDM continues to be debated around the world and clinical practices vary from country to country and unit to unit within the same *** new evidence emerges,the diagnostic criteria of GDM has continuously evolved since the *** 2011,after the announcement of the landmark International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groupsdiagnostic criteria,many international organizations have accepted and advocated its ***,there are differences in glucose metabolism among different ethnic groups,and the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes(HAPO)Study lacked data from China's *** the criteria developed based on the HAPO study are applicable to China remains to be further *** this current review,we will discuss the evolution of GDM diagnostic criteria and guidelines in China,and compare them to that in western countries to figure out the proper recommendations on the diagnosis of GDM among Chinese women.

关键词： Gestational diabetes mellitus Diagnosis China

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新塔科马海峡大桥的设计和施工

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公路 2009年第5期54卷 28-29页

作者： Jugesh kapur 华盛顿州交通部门

新塔科马大桥是与原塔科马大桥平行的美国最新悬索桥,是美国第五长的悬索桥,大桥采用钢筋混凝土塔,所有钢和混凝土构件采用荷载系数法设计,索构件和预应力混凝土构件采用容许应力法设计。

关键词：悬索桥缆索正交异性桥面板

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酒精室间隔消融术与肥厚型心肌病

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中华心血管病杂志 2009年第12期37卷 1074-1077页

作者： Carey kimmelstiel Barath krishnamurthy Andrew Weintraub Navin kapur Massachusetts 02111 Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory Tufts Medical Center

大多数的肥厚型心肌病患者左心症状是由于流出道梗阻所致，内科治疗能缓解其症状。少数患者内科治疗后，仍有症状，传统上，这些患者可接受室间隔切除术缓解流出道梗阻。由于手术仅限于几个有经验的中心，药物难治性的患者多采用经皮消... 详细信息

大多数的肥厚型心肌病患者左心症状是由于流出道梗阻所致，内科治疗能缓解其症状。少数患者内科治疗后，仍有症状，传统上，这些患者可接受室间隔切除术缓解流出道梗阻。由于手术仅限于几个有经验的中心，药物难治性的患者多采用经皮消融疗法解除梗阻、缓解症状。

关键词：酒精室间隔消融术肥厚型心肌病流出道梗阻内科治疗解除梗阻消融疗法症状缓解

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Utilization Pattern of Oral Hypoglycemic Agents for Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients Attending Out-Patient Department at a University Hospital in New Delhi

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2014年第7期5卷 636-645页

作者： Mohammad Shamshir Alam Mohammed Aqil Syed Akmal Shah Qadry Prem kapur krishna k. Pillai Faculty of Pharmacy Hamdard University New Delhi India Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences & Research and Hakeem Abdul Hameed Centenary Hospital Hamdard University New Delhi India IIMT College of Pharmacy Greater Noida India

Diabetes mellitus is the chronic disorder emerging as major world health problem which increases the rate of morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study was to ascertain patterns of prescription of oral hypoglycemic agents to type 2 diabetic patients attending a university hospital, and to assess patient compliance. A prospective, observational and non comparative study was conducted in 200 established diabetes mellitus type 2 patients attending outpatient department at Majeedia Hospital, New Delhi, India. Prescriptions from registered patients were included in the study. Once the consultation by the physician was over, the prescriptions were reviewed and the patients were interviewed. The information was collected in an inhouse designed documentation proforma. In a pool of 200 type 2 diabetics, more than half were female (n=106, 53%). The mean age of the patients were found to be 50.4 ± 11.7 years and mean body mass index, 25.8 ± 4.4 kg/m2. A total of 432 oral hypoglycemic agents were prescribed to the patients. Highly significant number of patients were prescribed combination therapy, (n=143, 71.5%) as compared to monotherapy (n=57, 28.5%),

关键词： Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Medicine Usage Evaluation Drug Utilization Prescribing Pattern. Oral Hypoglycemic Agent

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印度艺术的现代主义时刻

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作者： (印)吉塔·卡普尔(Geeta kapur)

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Safest Route Detection via Danger Index Calculation and k-Means Clustering

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第11期69卷 2761-2777页

作者： Isha Puthige kartikay Bansal Chahat Bindra Mahekk.kapur Dilbag Singh Vipul kumar Mishra Apeksha Aggarwal Jinhee Lee Byeong-Gwon kang Yunyoung Nam Reham R.Mostafa School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Bennett UniversityGreater NoidaIndia Department of ICT Convergence Soonchunhyang UniversityAsanKorea Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computers and Information SciencesMansoura UniversityMansouraEgypt

The study aims to formulate a solution for identifying the safest route between any two inputted Geographical *** the New York City dataset,which provides us with location tagged crime statistics;we are implementing different clustering algorithms and analysed the results comparatively to discover the best-suited *** results unveil the fact that the k-Means algorithm best suits for our needs and delivered the best ***,a comparative analysis has been performed among various clustering techniques to obtain best *** compared all the achieved results and using the conclusions we have developed a user-friendly application to provide safe route to *** successful implementation would hopefully aid us to curb the ever-increasing crime rates;as it aims to provide the user with a beforehand knowledge of the route they are about to take.A warning that the path is marked high on danger index would convey the basic hint for the user to decide which path to ***,addressing a social problem which needs to be eradicated from our modern era.

关键词： Agglomerative clustering crime rate danger index DBSCAN

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抗心绞痛药药理学

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国外医学（麻醉学与复苏分册） 1989年第1期10卷 19-22页

作者： kapur PA 叶平安

抗心绞痛药目前主要包括硝酸甘油类、β受体阻滞药和钙通道阻滞药。了解此类药物的药理及其相互作用,对于心绞痛病人的麻醉与术中处理是非常重要的。硝酸甘油类几乎所有心肌氧供需失衡的病人均在使用此类药物,常用的种类有硝酸甘油,硝... 详细信息

抗心绞痛药目前主要包括硝酸甘油类、β受体阻滞药和钙通道阻滞药。了解此类药物的药理及其相互作用,对于心绞痛病人的麻醉与术中处理是非常重要的。硝酸甘油类几乎所有心肌氧供需失衡的病人均在使用此类药物,常用的种类有硝酸甘油,硝酸异山梨醇脂和硝酸戊四醇脂等,除舌下含服与静脉使用效应短暂外,围麻醉期间均可见到长效硝酸甘油类的持续效应。

关键词：抗心绞痛药硝酸甘油药理学

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Efficacy of Multimodal Intervention for Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)—An Indian Study

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2012年第1期2卷 117-127页

作者： Thudalikunnil Gopalan Rejani Anna Oommen Shoba Srinath Malavika kapur Department of Clinical Psychology National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS) Bangalore India Department of Psychiatry National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS) Bangalore India School of Psychology and Social Work University Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Malaysia

Background: To find the efficacy of multimodal intervention on attention deficit and hyperactivity, behavioral problems in home and school situations and on academic achievement of children with ADHD and the impact of family stress and coping on the outcome of multi-modal intervention. Method: A sample (N = 40) of children aged 5 - 10 years registered in the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Unit (CAMHU) with a diagnosis of ADHD (on the ICD-10) with or without comorbidity were randomly allocated to one of two groups: Group I (medical management with parent counseling, N = 20) or Group II (multimodal intervention (routine medical management, parent training and attention enhancement training), N = 20). Assessments (pre-assessment, re-assessment at one month and post assessment after 10 weeks) were carried out by investigator, parent, teacher and blind rater. Results: Significant improvement was noticed for both groups but multimodal intervention was superior to routine medical management and parent counselling in reducing ADHD symptoms, behavioural problems at home and school, and in improving academic performance. Effect size estimates and the rates of clinically significant change also supported this finding. Parental stress did not predict the outcome of intervention. Conclusions: Multimodal intervention was found to be promising in the treatment of ADHD.

关键词： Multimodal Intervention ADHD Attention Enhancement Training Parent Training

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An Automated Deep Learning Based Muscular Dystrophy Detection and Classification Model

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第4期71卷 305-320页

作者： T.Gopalakrishnan Periakaruppan Sudhakaran k.C.Ramya k.Sathesh kumar Fahd N.Al-Wesabi Manal Abdullah Alohali Anwer Mustafa Hilal School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014India Department of Computer Science and Engineering SRM TRP Engineering CollegeTiruchirappalli621105India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Krishna College of Engineering and TechnologyCoimbatore641008India School of Computing Kalasalingam Academy of Research and EducationKrishnankoil626128India Department of Computer Science King Khalid UniversityMuhayel AseerKSA Faculty of Computer and IT Sana’a UniversityYemen Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversitySaudi Arabia Department of Computer and Self Development Preparatory Year DeanshipPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharjSaudi Arabia

Muscular Dystrophy (MD) is a group of inherited muscular diseases that are commonly diagnosed with the help of techniques such asmuscle biopsy, clinical presentation, and Muscle Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI). Among these techniques, Muscle MRI recommends the diagnosis ofmuscular dystrophy through identification of the patterns that exist in musclefatty replacement. But the patterns overlap among various diseases whereasthere is a lack of knowledge prevalent with regards to disease-specific ***, artificial intelligence techniques can be used in the diagnosis ofmuscular dystrophies, which enables us to analyze, learn, and predict forthe future. In this scenario, the current research article presents an automated muscular dystrophy detection and classification model using SynergicDeep Learning (SDL) method with extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost),called SDL-XGBoost. SDL-XGBoost model has been proposed to act as anautomated deep learning (DL) model that examines the muscle MRI dataand diagnose muscular dystrophies. SDL-XGBoost model employs kapur’sentropy based Region of Interest (RoI) for detection purposes. Besides, SDLbased feature extraction process is applied to derive a useful set of featurevectors. Finally, XGBoost model is employed as a classification approach todetermine proper class labels for muscle MRI data. The researcher conductedextensive set of simulations to showcase the superior performance of SDLXGBoost model. The obtained experimental values highlighted the supremacyof SDL-XGBoost model over other methods in terms of high accuracy being96.18% and 94.25% classification performance upon DMD and BMD respectively. Therefore, SDL-XGBoost model can help physicians in the diagnosis of muscular dystrophies by identifying the patterns of muscle fatty replacementin muscle MRI.

关键词： Muscle magnetic resonance imaging XGBoost synergic deep learning roI detection kapur’s entropy muscular dystrophies

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