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efficacy of antimicrobials in preventing resistance in solid organ transplant recipients:A systematic review of clinical trials

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World Journal of Transplantation 2025年第1期15卷 156-164页

作者： Carlos M Ardila Pradeep k Yadalam Jaime Ramírez-Arbelaez Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Dentistry Biomedical Stomatology Research GroupUniversidad de Antioquia U de AMedellín 0057Colombia Department of Postdoctoral Program CIFE University CenterCuernavaca 62330MorelosMexico Department of Periodontics Saveetha Dental CollegeSaveetha Institute of Medical and HealthSIMATSSaveetha UniversityChennai 600077Tamil NaduIndia Department of Transplantation Hospital San Vicente FundaciónRionegro 054047Colombia

BACkGROUND In the absence of effective antimicrobials,transplant surgery is not viable,and antirejection immunosuppressants cannot be administered,as resistant infections compromise the life-saving goal of organ *** To evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobials in preventing resistance in solid organ transplant *** A systematic review was conducted using a search methodology consistent with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and *** review included randomized clinical trials that evaluated the efficacy of antimicrobial agents(prophylactic or therapeutic)aimed at preventing antimicrobial *** search strategy involved analyzing multiple databases,including PubMed/MeDLINe,Web of Science,embase,Scopus,and ScieLO,as well as examining gray literature sources on Google Scholar.A comprehensive electronic database search was conducted from the databases’inception until May 2024,with no language *** After the final phase of the eligibility assessment,this systematic review ultimate-ly included 7 articles.A total of 2318 patients were *** most studied microorganisms were cytomegalovirus,although vancomycinresistant enterococci,Clostridioides difficile,and multidrug-resistant enterobacterales were also *** antimicrobials used in the interventions were mainly maribavir,valganciclovir,gancic-lovir,and *** concern,all clinical trials showed significant proportions of resistant microorga-nisms after the interventions,with no statistically significant differences between the groups(mean resistance 13.47%vs 14.39%),except for two studies that demonstrated greater efficacy of maribavir and valganciclovir(mean resistance 22.2%vs 41.1%in the control group;Pe total reported deaths in three clinical trials were 75,and there were 24 graft rejections in two *** All clinical trials reported significant proportions of antimicrobial-resistant microor

关键词： Antimicrobial resistance Antimicrobials Antivirals Solid organ transplant recipients Infections Microorganisms Cytomegalovirus

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eNHANCeMeNT OF ReSISTANCe TO OXIDATIVe DeGRADATION OF NATURAL RUBBeR THROUGH LATeX DeGRADATION

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 1998年第2期16卷 170-175页

作者： NWANORH k.O. eNYIeGBULAM M.e. School of Physical Sciences ABIA State University P.M.B. 2000 Uturu NigeriaDepartment of Polymer & Textile Engineering Federal University of Technology P.M.B. 1526 Owerri Nigeria

A fully characterised natural rubber latex was subjected to mechanical degradation by stirring at intervals. The resistance to oxidative degradation of the different samples were studied by measuring the Plasticity retention indices (PRI). The results show that there is an enhancement of the PRI from 57% for the undegraded rubber to 79% for the one-hour degraded sample. Further degradation resulted in decrease of PRI as time of degradation increased. Therefore, the one-hour degraded sample is a special rubber with high oxidation resistance which is of great importance in engineering. (Author abstract) 9 Refs.

关键词： Plasticity Rubber Degradation Oxidation Resistance

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Melatonin ameliorates docetaxel-induced mitochondrial oxidative toxicity and cytokine generation in the laryngo-tracheal epithelial cell

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BIOCeLL 2021年第1期45卷 177-188页

作者： SINeM GÖkÇe kÜTÜk MUSTAFA NAZIROĞLU Department of Otorhinolaryngology Aydın State HospitalAydın09100Turkey Department of Biophysics Faculty of MedicineSuleyman Demirel UniversityIsparta32000Turkey Drug Discovery Unit BSN Health AnalysesInnovationConsultancyOrganization Agriculture Ltd.Göller Bölgesi TeknokentiIsparta32260Turkey

A protective action of melatonin(MeLAT)on docetaxel(DCT)-induced inflammation,apoptosis,and reactive free oxygen radical(fROS)generation values via blocking of TRPM2 calcium-permeable channel was investigated in different cells except for laryngo-tracheal epithelial(LT-epi)***,the protective action ofMeLAT on DCT-induced oxidative toxicity and inflammation in LT-epi tissue and cells of mice were investigated in the current *** treatment ameliorated DCTinduced mitochondrial ROS in the LT-epi cells by reducing the generation of fROS(cytosolic and mitochondrial),lipid peroxidation,and depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane,while increasing reduced glutathione(GSH),GSH peroxidase,and total antioxidant *** addition,DCT-induced increases of cytokine(IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-α)generations were also diminished in the LT-epi tissue by MeLAT ***,MeLAT treatment increased viability and count of the cells followed by decreasing levels of cell death,caspase-3,*** TRPM2 activity was also reduced by MeLAT and TRPM2 channel blocker(ACA)*** conclusion,MeLAT modulated the increase of DCT-induced LT-epi cell death by inhibiting mitochondrial oxidative stress and TRPM2 channel ***,DCTcaused side cell death,oxidant,and inflammatory actions in the LT-epi were diminished via the treatment of MeLAT.

关键词： Docetaxel Melatonin Laryngo-tracheal epithelial cell Oxidative cytotoxicity TRPM2 channel

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Spontaneous emission Originating from Atomic BeC Interacting with a Single-Mode Quantized Field

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2018年第6期69卷 711-721页

作者： e.Ghasemian M.k.Tavassoly Atomic and Molecular Group Faculty of Physics Yazd University

In this paper we present a general theoretical model for the interaction between a number of two-level atoms constituting Bose-einstein condensate （BeG） and a single-mode quantized field. In addition to the usual interacting terms, we take into account interatom as well as higher-order atom-field interactions. To simplify the Hamiltonian of system, after using the Bogoliubov approximation we proceed to calculate the transformed operators of atoms and field. Then, to quantify the spontaneous emission, we get analytical expressions for the expectation value of Jz as the atomic population inversion （API）, in the cases of number and coherent states for the atomic subsystem. Our results show that the above-mentioned model interaction leads to the appearance of collapse-revival phenomenon in API. In more detail, the revival time may be tuned by adjusting the interatom interaction constant. Also, the damping process lowers the amplitude of API, but does not change the CR times for weak damping. Moreover, increasing the damping may decrease the number of CRs in a given interval of time such that no revival occurs. Briefly, it may be concluded that in the resonant case the revival times are insensitive to the change of the higher-order atom-field interaction constant and are affected only by the interatom interactions. Finally, we express that, how we can find a practical procedure to measure the quantum states of atoms in BeG.

关键词： Bose-einstein condensate atom-field interaction spontaneous emission atomic population inversion collapse-revival phenomenon

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A Novel AlphaSRGAN for Underwater Image Super Resolution

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第11期69卷 1537-1552页

作者： Aswathy k.Cherian e.Poovammal SRM Institute of Science and Technology ChennaiIndia

Obtaining clear images of underwater scenes with descriptive details is an arduous *** imaging techniques fail to provide clear cut features and attributes that ultimately result in object recognition ***,a need for a system that produces clear images for underwater image study has been *** overcome problems in resolution and to make better use of the Super-Resolution(SR)method,this paper introduces a novel method that has been derived from the Alpha Generative Adversarial Network(AlphaGAN)model,named Alpha Super Resolution Generative Adversarial Network(AlphaSRGAN).The model put forth in this paper helps in enhancing the quality of underwater imagery and yields images with greater resolution and more concise *** undergo pre-processing before they are fed into a generator network that optimizes and reforms the structure of the network while enhancing the stability of the network that acts as the *** the images are processed by the generator network,they are passed through an adversarial method for training *** dataset used in this paper to learn Single Image Super Resolution(SISR)is the USR 248 *** supervision is performed by an unprejudiced function that simultaneously scrutinizes and improves the image *** of images is done with reference to factors like local style information,global content and *** dataset USR 248 which has a huge collection of images has been used for the study is composed of three collections of images—high(640×480)and low(80×60,160×120,and 320×240).Paired instances of different sizes—2×,4×and 8×—are also present in the *** like Mean Opinion Score(MOS),Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR),Structural Similarity(SSIM)and Underwater Image Quality Measure(UIQM)scores have been compared to validate the improved efficiency of our model when compared to existing works.

关键词： Underwater imagery single image super-resolution perceptual quality generative adversarial network image super resolution

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Bio-inspired tetracarbene compounds as a new family of energy saving catalysts

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2023年第4期79卷 559-561页

作者： Bo Zhang Fritz e.kühn CAS key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina' University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049China Molecular Catalysis Catalysis Research Center and Department of ChemistrySchool of Natural SciencesTechnical University of MunichLichtenbergstr 485748 Garching bei MünchenGermany

efficient use of energy is a pressing *** of chemical processes is currently an important target for energy *** chemical processes are independent of pathways with respect to the final energy output or consumption,the application of catalysts can reduce involved activation energies considerably and therefore save large amounts of energy.

关键词： Catalysis Iron Carbenes Multidentate ligands

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Direct Measurements of the electron energy Flux versus electron Temperature Gradient in Tokamak Discharges

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Plasma Science and Technology 2004年第1期6卷 2130-2134页

作者： k.W.Gentle M.e.Austin P.e.Phillips Fusion Research Center University of Texas USAFusion Research Center University of Texas USAFusion Research Center University of Texas USA

electron thermal transport is one of the most complex processes in fusionplasmas. It is generally described by a simple thermal diffusivity in transport analyses ofdischarges, but there is evidence of critical gradient effects with moderate stiffness. By analyzingperiodic perturbations to an equilibrium, one canmeasure the variations in electron energy flux andelectron temperature gradient over the perturbation cycle, obtaining the flux as a function ofgradient over the range of parameters generated by the perturbation. Although time-dependenttransport analysis is very sensitive to noise in the input data, averaging over many cycles of aperiodic perturbation can provide data of sufficient quality. The analyses presented here are basedon the eCe temperature data with high spatial and temporal resolution and full profile coverage onDIII-D for sawteeth and modulated eCH heating.

关键词： tokamak discharges electron energy flux electron temperature gradient direct measurements

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effect of combining the metals of group VI supported on H-ZSM-5 zeolite as catalysts for non-oxidative conversion of natural gas to petrochemicals

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2009年第1期18卷 71-77页

作者： A. k. Aboul-Gheit A. e. Awadallah Process Development Division Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute Nasr City P. O. Box 9540 Cairo 11787 Egypt

The most prestigious catalyst applied in natural gas （methane） non-oxidative conversion to petrochemicals is 6%Mo/H-ZSM-5. Chromium, molybdenum and tungsten are the group VI metals. Hence, in this work, 6%Mo/H-ZSM-5 was correlated with 3%Cr＋3%Mo/H-ZSM-5 and 3%W＋3%Mo/H-ZSM-5 as catalysts to examine their promoting or inhibiting effects on the various reactions taking place during methane conversion. The catalytic activities of these catalysts were tested in a continuous flow fixed bed reactor at 700℃ and a GHSV of 1500 ml·g^-1·h^-1 Characterization of the catalysts using XRD, TGA and TPD were investigated. XRD and NH3-TPD showed greater interaction between the W-phase and the Bronsted acid sites in the channels of the zeolite than between Cr-phase and the acid sites in the zeolite.

关键词： natural gas methane benzene naphthalene hydrogen molybdenum chromium tungsten H-ZSM-5 zeolite

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Organorhenium(Ⅶ) oxides

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Rare Metals 2006年第Z1期25卷 411-421页

作者： küHN Fritz e. JAIN kavita R. Department für Chemie der Technischen Universitt München Lichtenbergstrasse 4 D-85747 Garching bei München Germany

Methyltrioxorhenium (MTO) and its derivatives were utilized as catalysts for a broad variety of organic reactions after the discovery of an easy synthetic access way to this class of compounds. Among the numerous characterization techniques, 17O-NMR spectroscopy and vibrational spectroscopy were exemplary discussed. The immobilization of MTO and its derivatives is of significant current interest as is the synthesis of chiral derivatives.

关键词： catalysis epoxidation immobilization olefination rhenium

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emission colour tuning in kLnF_(4):Yb^(3+),er^(3+)/Ho^(3+)phosphor

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Journal of Rare earths 2024年第1期42卷 57-65,I0002页

作者： Janani k Gayathri e Vijayatha V Ramasubramanian S Thiyagarajan P Department of Science and Humanities Nehru Institute of TechnologyKaliapuramThirumalayampalayamCoimbatoreIndia Department of Sciences Amrita School of Physical SciencesAmrita Vishwa VidyapeethamCoimbatoreIndia Department of Physics Anna UniversityChennaiIndia

kLnF_(4):Yb^(3+),er^(3+)/Ho^(3+)(Ln=Y,Yb,Gd)phosphors were prepared by solid-state reaction *** each of the Yb^(3+)/er^(3+)and Yb^(3+)/Ho^(3+)co-doped phosphors independently,phase confirmation and morphological examination were accomplished using the X-ray diffraction technique and scanning electron microscope analysis.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis shows the charge state and existence of lanthanides and *** luminescence emissions of green and red colour were detected for the synthesized *** changes in the upconverted emission intensities and colour output pertaining to the change of the lanthanide host matrix along with dopants were investigated for the prepared *** the upconversion luminescence,erbium-doped samples exhibit a predominance of red emission while holmium-doped samples display a prevalence of green *** rare-earth er/Ho doped kYbF4shows strong red emission compared to other ***_(4):Yb,er/Ho exhibits relatively significant green upconve rsion emissions,while Yb,er-doped kGdF_(4)host displays a 10-fold increase in green/red emission ratio with an increase in the input power of 20-780 *** photoluminescence studies and decay curve analysis were carried out using UV light excitation for the developed phosphors.A higher lifetime of 2.2 ms was measured for the downshifting red emission in the Ho doped kYbF_(4)*** study suggests a potential for colour tunability in the upconversion and downshifting emissions through host modifications to the fluoride phosphor.

关键词： Rare earths energy transfer upconversion Downshifting Colour coordinates

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