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Artificial intelligence analysis of videos to augment clinical assessment:an overview

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 717-718页

作者： David c.wong Stefan Williams University of Leeds Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust LeedsUK

Observation is a fundamental part of the practice of clinical *** of movement is particularly important for the *** such as parkinson’s disease,multiple sclerosis,stroke,epilepsy,and many others affect a person’s movement in characteristic *** some conditions,changes in the patient’s voice can be included in this-changes in sound caused by changes in the movements of *** clinician’s detection of a characteristic abnormality,and their judgment of its severity,plays a central role in both diagnosis and the assessment of prognosis or response to ***,that practice depends upon a limited resource of experienced *** addition,these experts are limited by human visual judgment,which cannot reliably or precisely detect and measure small or subtle changes in movement(Williams et al.,2023).

关键词： clinical epilepsy diagnosis

Free-electron crystals for enhanced X-ray radiation

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1299-1309页

作者： Lee Wei Wesley wong Xihang Shi Aviv karnieli Jeremy Lim Suraj kumar Sergio carbajo Ido kaminer Liang Jie wong School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore. Solid State Institute and Faculty of Electrical and computer Engineering Technion–Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 3200003Israel. School of Electrical Engineering Fleischman Faculty of EngineeringTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 69978Israel Department of Applied physics Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA. Science Mathematics and TechnologySingapore University of Technology and Design8 Somapah RoadSingapore 487372Singapore. Electrical and computer Engineering Department UCLA420 WestwoodLos AngelesCA 90095USA. physics and Astronomy Department UCLA475 Portola PlazaLos AngelesCA 90095USA. SLAc National Accelerator Laboratory Stanford University2575 Sand Hill RoadMenlo ParkCA 94025USA

bremsstrahlung—the spontaneous emission of broadband radiation from free electrons that are deflected by atomic nuclei—contributes to the majority of X-rays emitted from X-ray tubes and used in applications ranging from medical imaging to semiconductor chip ***,we show that the bremsstrahlung intensity can be enhanced significantly—by more than three orders of magnitude—through shaping the electron wavefunction to periodically overlap with atoms in crystalline ***,we show how to shape the bremsstrahlung X-ray emission pattern into arbitrary angular emission profiles for purposes such as unidirectionality and ***,we find that these enhancements and shaped emission profiles cannot be attributed solely to the spatial overlap between the electron probability distribution and the atomic centers,as predicted by the paraxial and nonrecoil theory for free electron light *** work highlights an unprecedented regime of free electron light emission where electron waveshaping provides multi-dimensional control over practical radiation processes like *** results pave the way towards greater versatility in table-top X-ray sources and improved fundamental understanding of quantum electron-light interactions.

关键词： overlap attributed arbitrary

Tribological behavior of lubricant-impregnated porous polyimide

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Friction 2024年第4期12卷 711-725页

作者： Jinbang LI Ningning ZHOU Janet S.S.wong School of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China beijing key Laboratory of Long-life Technology of precise Rotation and Transmission Mechanisms Beijing Institute of Control EngineeringBeijing 100029China Department of Mechanical Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK

porous materials impregnated with lubricants can be used in conditions where limited lubricant is *** this work,three porous polyimides(ppI)with different densities were ***(pAO)impregnated ppI(ippI)discs were rubbed against steel and sapphire *** operando observations of the ippI-sapphire contacts show that oil is released under an applied load,forming a meniscus around *** at the outlet is created at high sliding *** amount of released oil increases with increasing ppI *** moduli,E*,estimated based on the actual contact size show that trapped oil in ippIs contributes to load *** higher speeds,tribological rehydration of the contact occurs in low density ippI,with that E*rises with *** high density ppIs,high speeds give a constantly high E*which is limited by the viscoelastic properties of the ppI network and possibly the rate of oil *** of ippI-steel contacts is governed by the mechanical properties of the ppI,the flow of the lubricant,and the roughness of the ppI *** low-and medium-density(highly porous,high roughness)ppIs,large amount of oil is released,and lubrication is mainly via lubricant restricted in the contact in the pores and possibly tribological *** high density(low porosity)ppI,with lower roughness,hydrodynamic lubrication is achieved which gives the lowest *** results show that polymeric porous materials for effective lubrication require the optimization of its surface roughness,stiffness,oil flow,and oil retentions.

关键词： polyimide porous material friction mechanism polymer limited lubrication

Navigating reflux disease after achalasia treatments:balancing risks and benefits

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第21期30卷 2740-2743页

作者： Ewen A Griffiths Enoch wong Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirmingham B152GWWest MidlandsUnited Kingdom Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTWest MidlandsUnited Kingdom

The peroral endoscop.c.myotomy(pOEM)procedure has revolutionized the management of achalasia in many centres around the world as it offers patients a minimally invasive endoscop.c.solution to their dysphagia caused by *** its success in alleviating dysphagia,concerns regarding postoperative gastroesophageal reflux disease have emerged as a pertinent issue which are not fully *** this study,Nabi et al have comprehensively reviewed the top.c.of the prediction,prevention and management of gastroesophageal reflux after *** is a purely endoscop.c.procedure which is usually performed without any anti-reflux *** patients may be better served by a laparoscop.c.Heller’s myotomy and fundoplication and it is important that gastroenterologists and surgeons provide comprehensive risks and benefits of each achalasia treatment option so that patients can decide what treatment is best for *** article by Nabi et al provides a comprehensive review of the current status of this issue to allow these discussions to occur.

关键词： Achalasia Gastro-esophageal reflux disease Laparoscop.c.heller’s myotomy peroral endoscop.c.myotomy Fundoplication

Langmuir-Schaefer Film Investigation and Density Functional Theory band Gap.c.lculations of calix[n]arene-para-Aminobenzoic Acid for Drug Nanosensor Application

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第5期39卷 1311-1318页

作者： wong Yeong Yi F L Supian A Radzwan M Musa N F N Abd karim Department of physics Sultan Idris Education UniversityTanjong Malim 35900Malaysia Department of chemistry Sultan Idris Education UniversityTanjong Malim 35900Malaysia

calix[n]arenes was utilized to detect pAbA,the primary sunscreen *** study investigates the interaction of calix[4]arene(c4),calix[6]arene(c6),and pAbA using the Langmuir method and first-principle density functional theory(DFT).Using the Langmuir-Schaefer(LS)technique,an ultrathin film composed of calix[n]arenes and their complexes with pAbA was deposited on various *** on the Langmuir study,the pAbA molecule was bonded to the lower rims of both c4 and c6 with the host-guest ratio of 1:*** of the LS films formed were then characterized by ultravioletvisible sp.c.roscopy(UV-Vis),Fourier-transform infrared sp.c.roscopy(FTIR)and carbon,hydrogen,nitrogen,sulfur elemental analyzer(cHNS).The band gap reduction obtained in the DFT study denotes the charge transfer interaction with promising reactivity between the calix[n]arenes and *** sensing of pAbA by c4 and c6 is successful based on the formation of bonding between them due to the hosts’effective trapping *** outcomes of this study could be applied to drug delivery systems for future pharmaceutical and medical applications.

关键词： calix[n]arenes band gap density functional theory Langmuir-Schaefer pAbA sensor

Snapshotprune: A Novel bitcoin-based protocol Toward Efficient pruning and Fast Node bootstrapping

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第4期29卷 1037-1052页

作者： pengfei Huang Xiaojun Ren Teng Huang Arthur Sandor Voundi koe Duncan S wong Hai Jiang Institute of Artificial Intelligence and blockchain Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Institute of Artificial Intelligence and blockchain Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006Chinaand also with Pazhou LabGuangzhou 510330China

Node synchronization is essential for the stability of the bitcoin network. critics have raised doubts about the ability of a new node to quickly and efficiently synchronize with the bitcoin network and alleviate the storage pressure from existing full nodes to stockpile new data. basic pruning and other techniques have been explored to address these concerns but have been insufficient to reduce node synchronization delay and effectively suppress the growth of synchronized data. In this study, we propose Snapshotprune, a novel pruning and synchronization protocol that achieves fast node bootstrapping in the bitcoin blockchain. Real bitcoin historical data are leveraged to measure the synchronization time and monitor the network traffic during node bootstrapping. The protocol requires data downloads that are 99.70% less than bitcoin core, 81% less than coinprune, and 60% less than SnapshotSave, thereby saving 97.23% of download time. Findings show that the proposed design enhances the storage efficiency and reduces the node synchronization delay compared with existing techniques. We hypothesize that the efficiency of this protocol increases with the block height.

关键词： synchronization blockchain Unspent Transaction Output(UTXO)pruning snapshot fast bootstrapping

Functionalized selenium nanoparticles ameliorated acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity through synergistically triggering p.c./Nrf2 signaling pathway and inhibiting cYp 2E1

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 932-945页

作者： Si Zou Yetao Gong Xiujie Li Yanbin Wu Jinzhong Wu Jianguo Wu ka-Hing wong college of pharmacy Fujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhou 350122China Research Institute for Future Food The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China Department of Food Science and Nutrition The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China

Selenium nanoparticles(SeNps)have been demonstrated potential for use in diseases associated with oxidative *** SeNps with lower toxicity and higher biocompatibility could bring better therapeutic activity and clinical application ***,this work was conducted to investigate the protective effect of pleurotus tuber-regium polysaccharide-protein complex funtionnalized SeNps(pTR-SeNps)against acetaminophen(ApAp)-induced oxidative injure in HepG2 cells and c57bL/6J mouse *** elucidation of the underlying molecular mechanism,in particular their modulation of Nrf2 signaling pathway was also *** results showed that pTR-SeNps could significantly ameliorate ApAp-induced oxidative injury as evidenced by a range of biochemical analysis,histopathological examination and immunoblotting ***-SeNps could hosphorylate and activate p.c.,depress keap1,and increase nuclear accumulation of Nrf2,resulting in upregulation of GcLc,GcLM,HO-1 and NQO-1 ***,pTR-SeNps suppressed the biotransformation of ApAp to generate intracellular ROS through cYp 2E1 inhibition,restoring the mitochondrial ***,the protective effect of pTR-SeNps against ApAp induced hepatotoxicity was weakened as Nrf2 was depleted in vivo,indicating the pivotal role of Nrf2 signaling pathway in pTR-SeNps mediated hepatoprotective *** a potential hepatic protectant,pTR-SeNps could serve as a new source of selenium supplement for health-promoting and biomedical applications.

关键词： pTR-SeNps(polysaccharide-proteincomplex functionalized selenium nanoparticles) Acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 cytochrome p450 enzyme 2E1 Mitochondria

Unsynchronized butyrophilin molecules dictate cancer cell evasion of Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell killing

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cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 362-373页

作者： Zeguang Wu Qiezhong Lamao Meichao Gu Xuanxuan Jin Ying Liu Feng Tian Ying Yu pengfei Yuan Shuaixin Gao Thomas S.Fulford Adam p.Uldrich catherine c.L wong Wensheng Wei biomedical pioneering Innovation center Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking University Genome Editing Research CenterState Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene ResearchSchool of Life SciencesPeking University100871BeijingChina EdiGene Inc. Life Science ParkChangping District102206BeijingChina center for precision Medicine Multi-Omics Research Peking University Health Science CenterPeking University100191BeijingChina Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC3010Australia cancer Immunology program Peter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVICAustralia State key Laboratory for complex Severe and Rare DiseasesClinical Research InstitutePeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical CollegePeking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences100871BeijingChina

Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are sp.c.alized effector cells that have gained prominence as immunotherapy agents due to their ability to target and kill cells with altered pyrophosphate *** our effort to understand how cancer cells evade the cell-killing activity of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells,we performed a comprehensive genome-scale cRISpR screening of cancer *** found that four molecules belonging to the butyrophilin(bTN)family,sp.c.fically bTN2A1,bTN3A1,bTN3A2,and bTN3A3,are critically important and play unique,nonoverlapping roles in facilitating the destruction of cancer cells by primary Vγ9Vδ2 T *** coordinated function of these bTN molecules was driven by synchronized gene expression,which was regulated by IFN-γsignaling and the RFX ***,an enzyme called QpcTL was shown to play a key role in modifying the N-terminal glutamine of these bTN proteins and was found to be a crucial factor in Vγ9Vδ2 T cell killing of cancer *** our research,we offer a detailed overview of the functional genomic mechanisms that underlie how cancer cells escape Vγ9Vδ2 T ***,our findings shed light on the importance of the harmonized expression and function of gene family members in modulating T-cell activity.

关键词： butyrophilin Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell cancer-sp.c.fic immune evasion Glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase-like pyrophosphate metabolite Immunotherapy

Surface-modified Ag@Ru-p25 for photocatalytic cO_(2) conversion with high selectivity over cH_(4) formation at the solid–gas interface

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carbon Energy 2024年第1期6卷 182-196页

作者： chaitanya b.Hiragond Sohag biswas Niket Spowar Junho Lee Eunhee Gong Hwapyong kim Hong Soo kim Jin-Woo Jung chang-Hee cho bryan M.wong Su-Il In Department of Energy Science&Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)DaeguRepublic of Korea Department of chemical&Environmental Engineering Materials Science&Engineering ProgramDepartment of ChemistryDepartment of Physics&AstronomyUniversity of California-RiversideRiversideCaliforniaUSA Department of physics and chemistry Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)DaeguRepublic of Korea NiceScience corporation DaeguRepublic of Korea

Systematic optimization of the photocatalyst and investigation of the role of each component is important to maximizing catalytic activity and comprehending the photocatalytic conversion of cO_(2) reduction to solar fuels.A surface-modified Ag@Ru-p25 photocatalyst with H_(2)O_(2) treatment was designed in this study to convert cO_(2) and H_(2)O vapor into highly selective *** doping followed by Ag nanoparticles(Nps)cocatalyst deposition on p25(TiO_(2))enhances visible light absorption and charge separation,whereas H_(2)O_(2) treatment modifies the surface of the photocatalyst with hydroxyl(–OH)groups and promotes cO_(2) ***-resonance transmission electron microscopy,X-ray photoelectron sp.c.roscopy,X-ray absorption near-edge structure,and extended X-ray absorption fine structure techniques were used to analyze the surface and chemical composition of the photocatalyst,while thermogravimetric analysis,cO_(2) adsorption isotherm,and temperature programmed desorption study were performed to examine the significance of H_(2)O_(2) treatment in increasing cO_(2) reduction *** optimized Ag1.0@Ru1.0-p25 photocatalyst performed excellent cO_(2) reduction activity into cO,cH4,and c2H6 with a~95%selectivity of cH4,where the activity was~135 times higher than that of pristine TiO_(2)(p25).For the first time,this work explored the effect of H_(2)O_(2) treatment on the photocatalyst that dramatically increases cO_(2) reduction activity.

关键词： gas-phase cO_(2) reduction H_(2)O_(2) treatment plasmonic nanoparticles solar fuel photocatalyst surface modification