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Changes in physical activity and sleep following the COVID-19 pandemic on a university campus:Perception versus reality

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第3期6卷 246-251页

作者： Bryce T.Daniels Samantha robinson Ivan Vargas Jamie I.Baum Erin k.Howie University of Ark.nsas FayettevilleARUnited States Rush University Medical Center ChicagoIllinoisUnited States1 University of Ark.nsas System Division of Agriculture FayettevilleARUnited States

It has been hypothesized that k.y lifestyle behaviors of physical activity and sleep worsened in response to the Coronavirus disease(COVID-19)***,there have been inconsistencies in findings of changes in these k.y lifestyle behaviors across populations lik.ly due to the wide variety of assessment *** purpose of the study was to compare physical activity and sleep before and after the COVID-19 pandemic using accelerometers and self-reported behaviors.A longitudinal follow-up was conducted on students,faculty,and staff at a university campus in the United *** the periods before March 2020(covering the academic years of 2018–2019 or 2019–2020)and again in April–June 2021,participants completed surveys to evaluate their physical activity and sleep behaviors and wore an accelerometer.A total of 44 participants completed the survey at both timepoints and 32 completed accelerometer assessment at both ***-seven percent of participants reported a perceived decline in physical activity,while 30%reported a worsening in *** selfreported data,overall physical activity did not change,but there was a decrease in active transport(p<0.001)and increase in domestic physical activity(p?0.012).Sleep quality decreased as evidenced by an increase in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores(p?0.045).There were no changes in accelerometer measured physical activity or *** were no changes in physical or mental *** perceptions of physical activity declined from prior to the COVID-19 pandemic,there were no changes in device-measured physical activity,and changes in self-reported physical activity differed by domain.

关键词： Movement Longitudinal Measurement

High association strengths are link.d to phenotypic similarity,including plumage color and patterns,of participants in mixed-species bird flock. of southwestern China

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 34-44页

作者： Liping Zhou Christos Mammides Youfang Chen Wenyi Zhou Wenzhang Dai Edward L.Braun Rebecca T.k.mball Yang Liu Scott k.robinson Eben Goodale Guangxi k.y Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China k.nming Natural History Museum of Zoology Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223China Nature Conservation Unit Frederick University7Yianni Frederickou StreetPallouriotissaNicosia 1036Cyprus State k.y Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Florida Museum of Natural History University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 34201USA Department of Biology University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 34201USA School of Life Science and Institute of Wetland Ecology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210000China State k.y Laboratory of Biocontrol School of EcologySun-Yatsen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Department of Health and Environmental Science Xi'an Jiaotong Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China

Participants in mixed-species bird flock.(MSFs)have been shown to associate with species that are similar in body size,diet,and evolutionary history,suggesting that facilitation structures these *** addition,several studies have suggested that species in MsFs resemble each other in their plumage,but this question has not been systematically investigated for any MsF *** the nonbreeding season of 2020 and 2021,we sampled 585 MSFs on 14 transects in 2 habitats of Tongbiguang Nature Reserve in western Yunnan Province,*** performed social network.analysis and the Multiple Regression Quadratic Assignment Procedure to evaluate the effect of 4 species traits(body size,overall plumage color,distinctive plumage patterns,and diet)and evolutionary history on species association strength at the whole-MSF and within-MSF *** 41 significant relationships showed that species with stronger associations were more similar in their various *** size had the strongest effect on association strength,followed by phylogeny,plumage patterns,and plumage color;diet had the weak.st *** results are consistent with the hypotheses that the benefits of associating with phenotypically similar species outweigh the potential costs of interspecific competition,and that trait matching can occur in plumage characteristics,albeit more weak.y than in other *** explanations exist as to why similarities in plumage may occur in MSFs,including that they could reduce predators'ability to target phenotypically"odd"*** trait matching in plumage occurs through assortative processes in ecological time or is influenced by co-evolution requires furtherstudy.

关键词： co-evolution interaction network. mixed-species animal groups phenotypic similarity trait convergence

Modelling and Characterization of Basalt/Vinyl Ester/SiC Micro-and Nano-hybrid Biocomposites Properties Using Novel ANN–GA Approach

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第2期21卷 938-952页

作者： Yesudhasan Thooyavan Lak.hmi Annamali k.maraswamidhas robinson Dhas Edwin Raj Joseph Selvi Binoj Bright Brailson Mansingh Antony Sagai Francis Britto Alamry Ali Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad(ISM)DhanbadJharkhand826004India Gati Shak.i Vishwavidyalaya(GSV-A Central University Funded By GoI in the Ministry of Railways) LalbaugVadodaraGujarat390004India Institute of Mechanical Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(SIMATS)Saveetha UniversityChennaiTamilnadu602105India Metal Joining Research Centre Department of Mechanical EngineeringSri Ramakrishna Engineering CollegeCoimbatoreTamilnadu641022India Department of Mechanical Engineering Rohini College of Engineering and TechnologyPalkulamTamil Nadu629401India Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering in Al-KharjPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University11942Al-KharjSaudi Arabia

Basalt fiber reinforcement in polymer matrix composites is becoming more and more popular because of its environmental friendliness and mechanical qualities that are comparable to those of synthetic *** fiber strengthened vinyl ester matrix polymeric composite with filler addition of nano-and micro-sized silicon carbide(SiC)element spanning from 2 weight percent to 10 weight percent was studied for its mechanical and wear *** application of Artificial Neural Network.ANN)to correlate the filler addition composition for optimum mechanical properties is required due to the non-linear mechanical and tribological features of *** stuffing blend and composition of the composite are optimized using the hybrid model and Genetic Algorithm(GA)to maximize the mechanical and wear-resistant *** predicted and tested ANN–GA optimal values obtained for the composite combination had a tensile,flexural,impact resilience,hardness and wear properties of 202.93 MPa,501.67 MPa,3.460 J/s,43 HV and 0.196 g,respectively,for its optimum combination of filler and *** can be noted that the nano-sized SiC filler particle enhances most of the properties of the composite which diversifies its *** predicted mechanical and wear values of the developed ANN–GA model were in closer agreement with the experimental values which validate the model.

关键词： Hybrid polymer composite Prediction Process modelling Artificial neural network. Genetic algorithm

透水性路面砖路面可实现水的循环利用——初期成效及远景

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建筑砌块与砌块建筑 2008年第5期 20-20,22-25页

作者： S. J. Coupe A.P. Newman J.W. Davis k. robinson 陈义荣（译） Coventry大学工程与计算系 Coventry英国 Formpave有限公司 Caloucester英国不详

透水性路面砖路面可作为贮存中水的设施,以降低自来水的需求压力。屋面汇集的雨水可贮存在路面下,并可用作低品质要求的家庭供水的来源,如浇灌花园及冲洗厕所。由于地下水在夏季或干旱地区可能供不应求,因此,地下水的蒸发量对保证有足... 详细信息

透水性路面砖路面可作为贮存中水的设施,以降低自来水的需求压力。屋面汇集的雨水可贮存在路面下,并可用作低品质要求的家庭供水的来源,如浇灌花园及冲洗厕所。由于地下水在夏季或干旱地区可能供不应求,因此,地下水的蒸发量对保证有足够的供应量产生巨大影响。为此,进行了一系列旨在控制地下水水分蒸发的试验。试验中,水被贮存于各种不同路面砖路面体系内.包括采用或不采用土工布,或是采用各种不同类型土工布的路面结构。试验发现,一种双层土工布(其中一层具有透水性、并可减少污染物下渗,而另一层则能控制水分蒸发)在减少水分蒸发量方面,比不用土工布或仅用一层隔断油污的土工布都要好。在现场还进行了另一种类似的试验,不过路面贮存的水量因下雨而不断补充加入,从而使整个试验体系中始终充满水,试验结果同样表明,双层土工布在防止水分蒸发方面性能最佳。本文力图通过试验结果求得路面贮存水量的理论值,以便正确地确定需要多大的贮存空间;此外,在选用新型土工布时,测定其渗滤率及水质状况也是非常重要的。

关键词：透水性混凝土路面砖路面结构土工布水循环利用水质

“第8届国际混凝土路面砖”论文选利用电子显微镜学分析透水性路面砖路面结构里的微生物膜

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建筑砌块与砌块建筑 2008年第3期 35-38页

作者： S. J. Coupe A. P. Newman k. robinson 崔玉忠（翻译）杜建东（校对）刘黎（校对） Coventry University 英国 Formpave有限公司英国不详

最新研究已揭示在透水性路面砖路面系统内存在微生物膜。微生物膜的生长主要依靠碳氢化合物,大部分油污被滞留在InbitxTM土工织物上,经降解生成生物膜。InbitexTM土工织物促使生物膜最初的形成,并快速覆盖整个土工织物表面。通过扫描电... 详细信息

最新研究已揭示在透水性路面砖路面系统内存在微生物膜。微生物膜的生长主要依靠碳氢化合物,大部分油污被滞留在InbitxTM土工织物上,经降解生成生物膜。InbitexTM土工织物促使生物膜最初的形成,并快速覆盖整个土工织物表面。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)可清楚地看到:成熟的微生物膜上"长有"多种形态的细菌和真菌。用透射电子显微镜(TEM)可证明细菌的细胞空泡内存在油迹;同时也发现,对于不是在油污中长成的细菌,其细胞内含物的大小与前者不同,而且在细菌细胞结构中也未发现油迹。电子显微镜不仅能分析出不同处理方法对微生物膜产生的影响,而且能清晰地显示显微结构,非常实用。该研究与透水性混凝土路面砖水环境之间的联系,实际上是生物膜结构及其功能之间的联系。

关键词：透水性路面砖土工织物水质油污微生物膜电子显微镜

A Bayesian model calibration framework.for stochastic compartmental models with both time-varying and timeinvariant parameters

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第4期9卷 1224-1249页

作者： Brandon robinson Philippe Bisaillon Jodi D.Edwards Tetyana k.ndzersk. Mohammad k.alil Dominique Poirel Abhijit Sark.r Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Carleton UniversityOttawaON K1S 5B6Canada School of Epidemiology and Public Health University of Ottawa and University of Ottawa Heart InstituteOttawaOntarioCanada ICES OttawaOntarioCanada The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute OttawaOntarioCanada Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineDivision of RespirologyUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada Quantitative Modeling&Analysis Department Sandia National LaboratoriesLivermoreCAUSA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Royal Military College of CanadaKingstonONCanada

We consider state and parameter estimation for compartmental models having both timevarying and time-invariant *** this manuscript,we first detail a general Bayesian computational framework.as a continuation of our previous ***,this framework.is specifically tailored to the susceptible-infectious-removed(SIR)model which describes a basic mechanism for the spread of infectious diseases through a system of coupled nonlinear differential *** SIR model consists of three states,namely,the susceptible,infectious,and removed *** coupling among these states is controlled by two parameters,the infection rate and the recovery *** simplicity of the SIR model and similar compartmental models mak. them applicable to many classes of infectious ***,the combined assumption of a deterministic model and time-invariance among the model parameters are two significant impediments which critically limit their use for long-term *** tendency of certain model parameters to vary in time due to seasonal trends,non-pharmaceutical interventions,and other random effects necessitates a model that structurally permits the incorporation of such time-varying *** to this,is the need for a robust mechanism for the estimation of the parameters of the resulting model from *** this end,we consider an augmented state vector,which appends the time-varying parameters to the original system states whereby the time evolution of the time-varying parameters are driven by an artificial noise process in a standard *** between time-varying and time-invariant parameters in this fashion limits the introduction of artificial dynamics into the system,and provides a robust,fully Bayesian approach for estimating the timeinvariant system parameters as well as the elements of the process noise covariance *** computational framework.is implemented by leveraging the robustness of the Mark.v chain Mont

关键词： Time-varying parameter estimation Bayesian inference Stochastic compartmental models

Highly efficient and stable organic solar cells with SnO_(2)electron transport layer enabled by UV-curing acrylate oligomers

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 124-131页

作者： Mwende Mbilo Du Hyeon Ryu Seungjin Lee Muhammad Haris Julius Mwak.ndo Mwabora robinson Juma Musembi Hang k.n Lee Sang k.u Lee Chang Eun Song Won Suk.Shin Department of Physics Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Nairobi(UoN)P.O.Box 30197-00100NairobiKenya Advanced Energy Materials Research Center Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology(KRICT)Daejeon 34114Republic of Korea Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering University of Science and Technology(UST)Daejeon 34113Republic of Korea

The interfaces between the inorganic metal oxide and organic photoactive layer are of outmost importance for efficiency and stability in organic solar cells(OSCs).Tin oxide(SnO_(2))is one of the promising candidates for the electron transport layer(ETL)in high-performance inverted *** a solution-processed SnO_(2)ETL is employed,however,the presence of interfacial defects and suboptimal interfacial contact can lower the power conversion efficiency(PCE)and operational stability of ***,highly efficient and stable inverted OSCs by modification of the SnO_(2)surface with ultraviolet(UV)-curable acrylate oligomers(SAR and OCS)are *** highest PCEs of 16.6%and 17.0%are achieved in PM6:Y6-BO OSCs with the SAR and OCS,respectively,outperforming a device with a bare SnO_(2)ETL(PCE 13.8%).The remark.ble enhancement of PCEs is attributed to the optimized interfacial contact,leading to mitigated surface *** strik.ngly,improved light-soak.ng and thermal stability strongly correlated with the interfacial defects are demonstrated for OSCs based on SnO_(2)/UV cross-link.d resins compared to OSCs utilizing bare SnO_(2).We believe that UV cross-link.ng oligomers will play a k.y role as interfacial modifiers in the future fabrication of large-area and flexible OSCs with high efficiency and stability.

关键词： Organic solar cells SnO_(2) Surface defects Ultraviolet resins Stability Cross-link.ng oligomers Non-halogenated solvent

Exercise training improves long-term memory in obese mice

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Life Metabolism 2024年第1期3卷 37-50页

作者： Oliver k.Fuller Casey L.Egan Tina L.robinson Nimna Perera Heidy k.Latchman Lauren V.Terry Emma D.McLennan Carolina Chavez Emma L.Burrows John W.Scott Robyn M.Murphy Henriette van Praag Martin Whitham Mark.A.Febbraio Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Monash UniversityMelbourneVictoria3052Australia La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science La Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoria3086Australia Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoria3052Australia Department of Biomedical Sciences Charles E.Schmidt College of Medicineand Stiles-Nicholson Brain InstituteFlorida Atlantic UniversityJupiterFL 33458United States College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom

Obesity has been link.d to a range of pathologies,including *** contrast,regular physical activity is associated with the prevention or reduced progression of ***,physical activity can improve memory and spatial cognition,reduce age-related cognitive decline,and preserve brain volume,but the mechanisms are not fully ***,we investigated whether any detrimental effects of high-fat diet(HFD)-induced obesity on cognition,motor behavior,adult hippocampal neurogenesis,and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)could be mitigated by voluntary exercise training in male C57Bl/6 ***-induced impairment of motor function was not reversed by ***,voluntary wheel running improved long-term memory and increased hippocampal neurogenesis,suggesting that regular physical activity may prevent cognitive decline in obesity.

关键词： obesity exercise cognition

Metabolic collaboration between cells in the tumor microenvironment has a negligible effect on tumor growth

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 107-114页

作者： Johan Gustafsson Fariba Roshanzamir Anders Hagnestål Sagar M.Patel Oseeyi I.Daudu Donald F.Beck.r Jonathan L.robinson Jens Nielsen Department of Life Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologySE-41296 GothenburgSweden Hagnesia AB SE-43854 HindåsSweden Department of Biochemistry and Redox Biology Center University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA BioInnovation Institute DK2200 CopenhagenDenmark

The tumor microenvironment is composed of a complex mixture of different cell types interacting under conditions of nutrient deprivation,but the metabolism therein is not fully understood due to difficulties in measuring metabolic fluxes and exchange of metabolites between different cell types in ***-scale metabolic modeling enables estimation of such exchange fluxes as well as an opportunity to gain insight into the metabolic behavior of individual cell ***,we estimated the availability of nutrients and oxygen within the tumor microenvironment using concentration measurements from blood together with a metabolite diffusion *** addition,we developed an approach to efficiently apply enzyme usage constraints in a comprehensive metabolic model of human *** combined modeling reproduced severe hypoxic conditions and the Warburg effect,and we found that limitations in enzymatic capacity contribute to cancer cells’preferential use of glutamine as a substrate to the citric acid ***,we investigated the common hypothesis that some stromal cells are exploited by cancer cells to produce metabolites useful for the cancer *** identified over 200 potential metabolites that could support collaboration between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts,but when limiting to metabolites previously identified to participate in such collaboration,no growth advantage was *** work.highlights the importance of enzymatic capacity limitations for cell behaviors and exemplifies the utility of enzyme-constrained models for accurate prediction of metabolism in cells and tumor microenvironments.

关键词： metabolism effect limitations