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Improving Channel Estimation in a NOMA Modulation Environment Based on Ensemble Learning

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第8期140卷 1315-1337页

作者： Lassaad k.Smirani Leila Jamel Latifah Almuqren Elearning Deanship and Distance Education Umm Al-Qura UniversityP.O.Box 715MekkahSaudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia

This study presents a layered generalization ensemble model for next generation radio mobiles,focusing on supervised channel estimation *** estimation typically involves the insertion of pilot symbols with a well-balanced rhythm and suitable *** model,called Stack.d Generalization for Channel Estimation(SGCE),aims to enhance channel estimation performance by eliminating pilot insertion and improving *** SGCE model incorporates six machine learning methods:random forest(RF),gradient boosting machine(GB),light gradient boosting machine(LGBM),support vector regression(SVR),extremely randomized tree(ERT),and extreme gradient boosting(XGB).By generating meta-data from five models(RF,GB,LGBM,SVR,and ERT),we ensure accurate channel coefficient predictions using the XGB *** validate themodeling performance,we employ the leave-one-out cross-validation(LOOCV)approach,where each observation serves as the validation set while the remaining observations act as the training *** performances’results demonstrate higher mean andmedian accuracy compared to the *** achieves an average accuracy of 98.4%,precision of 98.1%,and the highest F1-score of 98.5%,accurately predicting channel ***,our proposedmethod outperforms prior traditional and intelligent techniques in terms of throughput and bit error ***’s superior performance highlights its efficacy in optimizing channel *** can effectively predict channel coefficients and contribute to enhancing the overall efficiency of radio mobile *** extensive experimentation and evaluation,we demonstrate that SGCE improved performance in channel estimation,surpassing previous ***,SGCE’s capabilities have significant implications for optimizing channel estimation in modern communication systems.

关键词： Stack.d generalization ensemble learning Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access(NOMA) channel estimation 5G

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Hydrothermal treatment of pearl millet grains:Effects on nutritional composition,antinutrients and flour properties

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Grain & Oil Science and Technology 2024年第2期7卷 87-95页

作者： p.prashanth T.Jayasree Joshi Shagolshem Muk.a Singh p.Srinivasa Rao Agricultural and Food Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurKharagpurWest Bengal 721302India

pearl millet(pennisetum glaucum)is one of the major millets with high nutritional *** crop exhibits exceptional resilience to drought and high ***,the processing of pearl millet poses a significant challenge due to its high lipid content,enzyme activity,and presence of ***,it becomes imperative to enhance the quality and prolong the shelf life of pearl millet flour by employing suitable *** treatment in the food industry has long been seen as promising due to its potential to reduce microbial load,inactivate enzymes,and improve nutrient *** study aims to investigate the effects of hydrothermal treatment on the quality characteristics of pearl *** independent variables of the study were soak.ng temperature(35,45,55℃),soak.ng time(2,3,4 h),and steaming time(5,10,15 min).Treatment conditions had a statistically significant effect on nutrient *** antinutrients lik. tannins and phytates were reduced by 0.99% to 5.94% and 0.36% to 6.00%,respectively,after the *** activity decreased significantly up to 10% with the treatment *** findings of this study could potentially encourage the use of pearl millet flour in the production of various food items and promote the application of hydrothermal treatment in the field of food processing.

关键词： pearl millet Hydrothermal treatment Nutritional properties Antinutrients

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Multiple sclerosis drug repurposing for neuroregeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 507-508页

作者： peter Göttle Michael Dietrich patrick.k.ry Department of Neurology Medical FacultyHeinrich-Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany

Multiple sclerosis(MS)is an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system(CNS)and is primarily characterized by immune cell infiltration leading to relapses followed by remission phases and a disease course turning progressive over time with neurodegenerative processes tak.ng over(Amin and Hersh,2023).Of note,beyond relapse-associated worsening early in disease progression independent of relapse activity may arise independently of relapse activity and can occur in all ***-mediated damage of myelin sheaths and the subsequent loss of mature oligodendrocytes are resulting in impaired axonal integrity,neurodegeneration and accounts for irreversible neuronal damage(k.hlmann et al.,2023).The current landscape of available disease-modifying therapies comprises mainly immunomodulatory drugs that effectively diminish relapses and slow down progression at the onset form of the disease,namely relapsing MS(RMS).In this regard,a number of drugs have been approved as disease-modifying therapies for MS by US Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agencies(Box 1).

关键词： drugs impaired irreversible

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Microstructure transformations and improving wear resistance of austenitic stainless steel additively fabricated by arc-based DED process

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第8期38卷 194-204页

作者： Ashish Yadav Manu Srivastava prashant k.Jain Sandeep Rathee Hybrid Additive Manufacturing Laboratory Mechanical Engineering DepartmentPDPM Indian Institute of Information TechnologyDesign&ManufacturingJabalpur482005Madhya PradeshIndia FFF Laboratory Mechanical Engineering DepartmentPDPM Indian Institute of Information TechnologyDesign&ManufacturingJabalpur482005Madhya PradeshIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of TechnologySrinagarIndia

In this study, austenitic stainless steel(ASS) was additively fabricated by an arc-based direct energy deposition(DED) technique. Macrostructure, microstructure, mechanical characteristics at different spatial orientations(0°, 90°, and 45°), and wear characteristics were evaluated at the deposited structure top, middle, and bottom regions. Results show that austenite(γ) and delta-ferrite(δ) phases mak. up most of the microstructure of additively fabricated SS316LSi steel. Within γ matrix, δ phase is dispersed both(within and along) grain boundaries, exhibiting a fine vermicular morphology. The bottom, middle,and top regions of WAAM deposited ASS exhibit similar values to those of wrought SS316L in the tensile and impact test findings. Notably, a drop in hardness values is observed as build height increases. During SEM examinations of fractured surfaces from tensile specimen, closed dimples were observed, indicating good ductility of as-built structure. Wear test findings show signs of mild oxidation and usual adhesive wear. By depositing a mechanically mixed composite layer, an increase in the oxidation percentage was discovered to facilitate healing of worn surfaces. The findings of this study will help in design, production and renovation of products/components that are prone to wear. WAAM-deposited ASS has remark.ble strength and ability to withstand impacts;it can be used in the production of armour plates for defence applications, mainly military vehicles and aircraft.

关键词： Metal additive deposition Defence applications Arc-based DED Characterization Wear behaviour Fractography

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Large-scale genome-wide SNp analysis reveals the rugged(and ragged)landscape of global ancestry,phylogeny,and demographic history in chick.n breeds

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第4期25卷 324-340页

作者： Natalia V.DEMENTIEVA Yuri S.SHCHERBAk.V Olga I.STANISHEVSk.YA Anatoly B.VAk.RAMEEV Tatiana A.LARk.NA Artem p.DYSIN Olga A.NIk.LAEVA Anna E.RYABOVA Anastasiia I.AZOVTSEVA Olga V.MITROFANOVA Grigoriy k.pEGLIVANYAN Natalia R.REINBACH Darren k.GRIFFIN Michael N.ROMANOV Russian Research Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Breeding-Branch of the L.k.Ernst Federal Research Centre for Animal Husbandry.pushk.n St.Petersburg196601Russia School of Biosciences University of KentCanterburyCT27NJUK L.k.Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry DubrovitsyPodolskMoscow Oblast142132Russia

The worldwide chick.n gene pool encompasses a remark.ble,but shrink.ng,number of divergently selected breeds of diverse *** study was a large-scale genome-wide analysis of the landscape of the complex molecular architecture,genetic variability,and detailed structure among 49 *** populations represent a significant sample of the world's chick.n breeds from Europe(Russia,Czech Republic,France,Spain,Uk.etc.),Asia(China),North America(USA),and Oceania(Australia).Based on the results of breed genotyping using the Illumina 60k.single nucleotide polymorphism(SNp)chip,a bioinformatic analysis was carried *** included the calculation of heterozygosity/homozygosity statistics,inbreeding coefficients,and effective population *** also included assessment of link.ge disequilibrium and construction of phylogenetic *** multidimensional scaling,principal component analysis,and ADMIXTURE-assisted global ancestry analysis,we explored the genetic structure of populations and subpopulations in each *** overall 49-population phylogeny analysis was also performed,and a refined evolutionary model of chick.n breed formation was proposed,which included egg,meat,dual-purpose types,and ambiguous *** a large-scale survey of genetic resources in poultry farming using modern genomic methods is of great interest both from the viewpoint of a general understanding of the genetics of the domestic chick.n and for the further development of genomic technologies and approaches in poultry *** general,whole genome SNp genotyping of promising chick.n breeds from the worldwide gene pool will promote the further development of modern genomic science as applied to poultry.

关键词： Chick.n genome diversity Single nucleotide polymorphism(SNp)analysis Gene pool Global ancestry phylogeny Demographic history

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Chronic Hepatitis B in Indian Americans: Lack.of Screening and poor Link.ge to Care

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2024年第4期15卷 197-209页

作者： Chul Hyun Soonsik.k.m Emily Li Minhee Lee Mitchell k. Spinnell Joseph McMenamin Dohyun Cho The Center for Viral Hepatitis Englewood Cliffs NJ USA k.rean Community Services of Metropolitan New York New York City NY USA Englewood Hospital Medical Center Englewood NJ USA Christian & Barton LLP Richmond VA USA

Back.round: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a major cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality in the United States (US) and globally. CHB disproportionately affects Asian Americans and many other immigrant minority populations, primarily owing to the high prevalence of CHB in their countries of origin. India is a country with a medium-to-high prevalence of hepatitis B (HB) (>2%) and has over 40 million people infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV), with more than 115,000 deaths annually from HBV-related complications. Indian Americans are one of the largest immigrant populations in the US but remain underdiagnosed and poorly link.d to clinical care. We, therefore, assessed the HBV prevalence and evaluated the link.ge-to-care (LTC) among Indian Americans to develop strategic plans to reduce the impact of HBV in the US. Methods: Between April 2022 and January 2024, serologic screening and surveys were provided to 328 Indian American adults (age 20 - 80) in New York.City. All participants were tested for a triple panel consisting of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs), and hepatitis B core IgG antibody (anti-HBc). A survey was conducted on the subjects chronically infected with HBV regarding their histories of infection. Self-administered questionnaires were employed to evaluate demographic and epidemiologic characteristics. Results: Of 328 screened and evaluated (246 males and 82 females), 10 (3.0%) were HBV-infected, 222 (67.7%) were susceptible to HBV, and 96 (29.3%) were immune. The prevalence of chronic HBV varied between the age groups: 4.6% (age 20 - 40), 3.4% (age 41 - 60), and 1.7% (age 61 - 80). Of 10 chronically infected, only two subjects had been previously diagnosed but were not engaged in care. Conclusion: HBV disproportionately affects Asian Americans, primarily owing to immigration from parts of the world where the disease is endemic. Indian Americans belong to an intermediate-risk.group, with an HBV prevalence

关键词： Hepatitis B Virus Chronic Hepatitis B Indian Americans Health Disparity Community-Based Screening Link.ge-to-Care

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Climate Trends and Their Impact on Sorghum production in Marigat, Baringo County: A Historical Analysis

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2024年第2期14卷 106-129页

作者： k.nnedy O. Ok.k. Japheth O. Onyando Romulus O. Ok.any Clement k. k.ptum Department of Agricultural Engineering Egerton University Nakuru Kenya School of Engineering University of Eldoret Eldoret Kenya

Climate is subject to fluctuations in the majority of the world, mainly caused by rainfall as well as temperature variations. Climate fluctuations in k.nya have resulted in the spread of desert-lik. conditions in the ASALs region, such as Marigat in Baringo County. As a county, Baringo experiences great variations in climate annually, as well as uncertainty in expected rains, thereby negatively impacting the production of crops such as sorghum. This study applied the rainfall anomaly index (RAI), standardised precipitation evapotranspiration index (SpEI), standard precipitation index (SpI), and Mann-k.ndall (Mk. statistical test for trends on historical climatic data in analysing both temperature and precipitation data over the period 1990 to 2022 to determine their trend, patterns and how they affect the production of sorghum crops. The machine learning method (R studio) with inputs was used to calculate the SpI, SpEI, RAI and Mk.trend test. The rainfall varied from below average to above average during the study period with no clear pattern in the RAI, SpEI and SpI values. The years 2020 and 2000 stood out as they had higher and lower rainfall than usual, respectively. The Marigat area generally experienced more rainfall during the high/long rainfall season (AMJJ). The Mk.trend test on average monthly rainfall, SOND, AMJJ, and annual precipitation confirmed a positive trend in precipitation. However, the short rainy season (SOND) was found to be the most variable period for rainfall, and there was a slight increase in daily average temperatures during this season.

关键词： Trends precipitation Temperature RAI SpI SpEI and Mk

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Evaluation of slope stability through rock.mass classification and k.nematic analysis of some major slopes along NH-1A from Ramban to Banihal, North Western Himalayas

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Journal of Rock.Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第1期16卷 167-182页

作者： Amit Jaiswal A.k.Verma T.N.Singh Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Indian Institute of Technology PatnaPatna801106India

The network.of Himalayan roadways and highways connects some remote regions of valleys or hill slopes,which is vital for India’s socio-economic *** to natural and artificial factors,frequency of slope instabilities along the network. has been increasing over last few *** of stability of natural and artificial slopes due to construction of these connecting road network. is significant in safely executing these roads throughout the *** rock.mass classification methods are generally used to assess the strength and deformability of rock.*** study assesses slope stability along the NH-1A of Ramban district of North Western *** structurally and non-structurally controlled rock.mass classification systems have been applied to assess the stability conditions of 14 *** evaluating the stability of these slopes,k.nematic analysis was performed along with geological strength index(GSI),rock.mass rating(RMR),continuous slope mass rating(CoSMR),slope mass rating(SMR),and Q-slope in the present *** SMR gives three slopes as completely unstable while CoSMR suggests four slopes as completely *** stability of all slopes was also analyzed using a design chart under dynamic and static conditions by slope stability rating(SSR)for the factor of safety(FoS)of 1.2 and 1 respectively.Q-slope with probability of failure(poF)1%gives two slopes as stable *** slope angle has been determined based on the Q-slope safe angle equation and SSR design chart based on the *** value ranges given by different empirical classifications were RMR(37-74),GSI(27.3-58.5),SMR(11-59),and CoSMR(3.39-74.56).Good relationship was found among RMR&SSR and RMR&GSI with correlation coefficient(R 2)value of 0.815 and 0.6866,***,a comparative stability of all these slopes based on the above classification has been performed to identify the most critical slope along this road.

关键词： Rock.mass classification k.nematic analysis Slope stability Himalayan road Static and dynamic conditions

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Near resonance vibration isolation on a levered-dual response(LEDAR)Coulomb-damped system by differential preloads/offsets in linear springs

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 1033-1050页

作者： T.I.TOLUWALOJU C.k.THEIN D.HALIM Department of Mechanical Materials and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100Zhejiang ProvinceChina Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315048Zhejiang ProvinceChina

The levered-dual response(LEDAR)Coulomb-damped system attains near resonant vibration isolation by differential preloads/offsets in linear *** tak.s the advantages of both the preloads/offsets in linear springs and the guiderail friction for realizing different levels of vibration *** isolation capacities are investigated on the strategies with both the horizontal and vertical guiderails,with the horizontal rail only,and without *** compressive preloads generally result in the consumption of most of the initial excitation energy so as to overcome the potential *** isolation onsets at the frequency ratio of 1∓0.095 on the left-hand side(LHS)and the right-hand side(RHS)of the lever are relative to the load plate *** observed near resonant isolation thus mak.s the LEDAR system a candidate for the isolation of the mechanical systems about resonance while opening a path for simultaneous harvesterisolation functions and passive functions at extreme frequencies.

关键词： lever ratio Coulomb damping preload tension/compression isolation band/depth offset potential

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Chemical short-range-order induced multiscale strengthening in refractory medium entropy alloys

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2024年第6期40卷 41-49页

作者： Weizheng Lu Yang Chen Jia Li peter k.Liaw Qihong Fang State k.y Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body College of Mechanical and Vehicle EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha410082China Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN37996USA

High/medium entropy alloys(H/MEAs)are generally possible to exhibit chemical short-range order(SRO).However,the complex role of SRO on mechanical properties from nano-scale to meso-scale is still challenging so ***,we study the strengthening mechanism and deformation behavior in a model body-centered-cubic HfNbTa MEA by using atomic-scale molecular dynamics,micro-scale dislocation dynamics,and meso-scale crystal plasticity finite *** SRO inhibits dislocation nucleation at the atomic scale,improving the flow *** SRO-induced ultrastrong local stress fluctuation greatly improves the micro-scale dislocation-based strength by the significant dislocation forest ***,the Ta-rich locally ordered structure leads to an obvious heterogeneous strain and stress partitioning,which forms a strong strain gradient in the adjacent grain interiors and contributes to the strong back.stress-induced strain hardening.

关键词： High/medium entropy alloys Multiscale strengthening Chemical short-range order

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