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Using a Collateral Damage Model to Explain Survival Data in West Nile Virus Infections

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Advances in Microbiology 2016年第4期6卷 251-262页

作者： James k. Peterson Alison M. k.sson Nicholas J. C. k.ng Department of Mathematical and Biological Sciences Clemson University Clemson SC USA Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology The Children’s Hospital Sydney Australia Discipline of Pediatrics and Child Health The Marie Bashir Institute for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity University of Sydney Sydney Australia Discipline of Pathology University of Sydney Sydney Australia

Simulation code for a model of the adaptive immune response seen in flavivirus infections is used to explain the immunopathological consequences seen in West Nile Virus virus (WNV) infections. We use a model that specifically handles the differences in how the virus infects resting cells, the G0 state, versus dividing cells, the G1 state, which includes vastly increased MHC-I upregulation for resting cells over dividing cells. The simulation suggests how the infection progresses in a one host model and the results shed insight into the unusual survival curve data obtained for this infection: there is an increase in health even though viral load has increased.

关键词： Auto Immune Responses West Nile Virus Host Survival Models MHC-I Upregulation IFN-γ Upregulation Free Antigen Levels

CRYSTAL STRUCTURE REFINEMENT OF ORTHOPYROXENE FROM UDBUR, MYSORE, INDIA

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1985年第9期30卷 1217-1221页

作者：张步升 k.-F.HESSE Changchun College of Geology Changchun Mineralogisch-Petrographisches Institut Universitt Kiel D-2300 Kiel Federal Republic of Germany

Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION The structure of an orthopyroxene was first determined by Warren and Modell when they found that orthopyroxene contains the typical SiO3 chains similar to those of diopside; Bystrm improved the atomic parameters of enstatite; Ito studied the structure of bronzite with ionisat spectrometer; and Lindemann published the atomic coordinates for an orthoenstatite. Later the cell dimensions of natural ortho-

关键词： coordinates dimensions spectrometer ortho chains slowly Warren graphite refined ordering

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战略决策过程：批判性回顾与未来研究展望

管理世界 2012年第1期28卷 157-169页

作者： Nandini Rajagopalan Abdul M. A. Rasheed Deepak.k. Datta 苗莉(译) 不详东北财经大学工商管理学院

本文在对以往文献进行回顾的基础上,构建了一个战略决策过程的整合框架。该框架将决策过程特征的前置因素(环境因素、组织因素和决策专有因素)及其过程结果和经济结果整合在一起。依据该框架,本文对重要的实证研究文献进行了综述,指出... 详细信息

本文在对以往文献进行回顾的基础上,构建了一个战略决策过程的整合框架。该框架将决策过程特征的前置因素(环境因素、组织因素和决策专有因素)及其过程结果和经济结果整合在一起。依据该框架,本文对重要的实证研究文献进行了综述,指出了主要的研究模式以及研究成果中的矛盾之处。在综述的基础上,文章还探讨了本研究对于理论构建、研究方法和管理实践的启示,并指出了未来研究的一些方向。

关键词：决策过程批判性展望整合框架研究文献环境因素研究成果管理实践

The Role of Serum Trace Elements and Oxidative Stress in Egyptian Breast Cancer Patients

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Advances in Breast Cancer Research 2016年第1期5卷 37-47页

作者： Mona Mohamed k. El-Deeb Heba G. El-Sheredy Ayman Farouk.Mohammed Department of Chemical Pathology Medical Research Institute Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Department of Cancer Management and Research Medical Research Institute Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Department of Surgery Medical Research Institute Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt

Back.round: Oxidative stress is considered to be involved in the pathophysiology of all cancers. Studies indicated that the levels of oxidative stress mark.rs increased in breast cancer. Trace metals are essential to normal human homeostasis. When present in an abnormal expression, they contribute in many pathological processes. Some trace metals are claimed to be carcinogenic and capable of inducing a toxic effect through the formation of free radicles and acting as cofactors in the oxidative damage of biological macromolecules and DNA. Objective: Our aim was to investigate the serum levels of some trace elements (Copper, Zinc and Cadmium), the total oxidative and anti-oxidative capacity (TOC and TAC) in patients with breast cancer in comparison to patients with benign breast tumours. Patients and Methods: The present study included 65 females. The participates were divided into 2 main groups: control group which consisted of 20 apparently healthy female;the patient groups which divided into 3 groups: group B included 15 patients with benign breast tumours, group N consisted of 15 newly diagnosed breast cancer patients and group M included 15 patients with metastatic breast cancer. Results: The mean serum levels of Copper, Zinc, and Cadmium were significantly higher in the three patients groups (B, N and M) than the control group. Similarly, serum uric acid (UA) and (TAC) levels showed significant higher level in both breast cancer groups as compared to the benign group. However TOC levels showed only significantly higher level in metastatic group. Conclusions: The present study suggested elevated TAC, UA and TOC in breast cancer patients. The increased levels of trace elements could lead to formation of free radicals or other reactive oxygen species. The serum profile of these trace metals may be helpful in predicting prognosis of breast cancer.

关键词： Trace Elements Oxidative Capacity Breast Cancer Antioxidants

An Assessment of the Seasonal Rainfall and Its Societal Implications in Zanzibar Islands during the Season of October to December, 2019

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2020年第4期10卷 509-529页

作者： k. H. k.i A. L. k.jazi S. E. Osima Tanzania Meteorological Authority (TMA) Kisauni Zanzibar Tanzania TMA Ubungo Plaza Dar es Salaam Tanzania

The assessment of the performance of the October to December (OND), 2019 rainfall season in Zanzibar (Unguja and Pemba) with reference to local downscaled Tanzania Meteorological Authority (TMA) forecast, and regional (Intergovernmental Authority on Development Climate Prediction and Application Center (IGAD-ICPAC) weather forecasts were assessed by comparing the long term average of OND rainfall data and previous OND rainfall seasons of 2016, 2017 and 2018 as well as extreme positive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) during OND seasons of 1961, 1994, 1997, 2006 and 2019 for Zanzibar. The study assessed zonal (u) and meridional (v) winds at 850 and 200 mb, monthly and dek.dal sea surface temperature (SST);the Madden Julien Oscillations (MJO) forecast reports and the ocean heat content data. Both gridded and observed datasets were processed into dek.dal, monthly and seasonal averages and then analysed. The results revealed that, based on the observations, above normal rainfall of 936 and 908 mm were reported at stations of k.sauni (Unguja) and k.rume airport (Pemba) during 2019 OND season. This amount was the first and second ever recorded for the extreme positive IOD during OND seasons of 1961, 1994, 1997, 2006 and 2019, and also the first for the previous higher OND rainfall seasons of 2016, 2017 and 2018 which was highly variable. Moreover, these values were second ever-recorded highest OND rainfall since 1916 to 2019 where the first one was observed in 1961. Furthermore, the results revealed that 2019 OND seasonal rainfall had the highest amount of contribution based on historical climatology. For instance, the 2019 OND rainfall for k.sauni, Pemba airport and Matangatuani contributed to 198%, 303% and 231% of the long term (1987-2016) mean OND rainfall in Zanzibar. Indeed, the results show that the presence of the MJO during OND and the enhanced positive IOD was among the causes for the observed wetness of the 2019 OND in Zanzibar and most parts of the country. Moreover,

关键词： OND Rainfall Forecast Performance Sea Surface Temperatures MJO and IOD

Enhanced visible green and 1.5μm radiative emission of Er^(3+)ions in Li_(2)O-PbO-Al_(2)O_(3)-B_(2)O_(3) glasses for photonic applications

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Journal of Rare Earths 2021年第5期39卷 520-525页

作者： Nisha Deopa Muk.sh k.Sahu Sumandeep k.ur Aman Prasad k.Swapna Vinay k.mar R.Punia A.S.Rao Department of Physics Chaudhary Ranbir Singh UniversityRohtak Bypass RoadJind126102HaryanaIndia Department of Applied Physics Delhi Technological UniversityBawana RoadNew Delhi110042India Department of Physics K L Educational FoundationVaddeswaram522502Guntur(Dt.)Andhra PradeshIndia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Graphic Era(Deemed to be University)Dehradun248002UttrakhandIndia

A series of Er^(3+)ions doped lithium lead alumino borate(LiPbAlB)glasses were synthesized via melt quench method and their structural,physical and optical properties were ***-Ofelt theory in correlation with the emission and absorption profiles was performed for the measurement of various radiative parameters for different transitions of Er^(3+)doped *** as-prepared glasses show deep green(550 nm)as well as NIR(1532 nm)emission at 380 and 980 nm excitation wavelengths,*** intensity of emission spectra increases with Er^(3+)ions concentration up to 1.5 mol%and beyond quenching is *** Dexter theory applied to the emission profiles reveals the interaction between Er^(3+)ions as dipole-dipole in *** color coordinates are found to fall in the green region of the visible *** is observed that 1.5 mol%of Er^(3+)ions concentration is optimum to exhibit the maximum quantum efficiency,branching ratios,gain bandwidth,emission cross-section,gain crosssection and aptly suitable for visible and NIR photonic applications.

关键词： Rare earths Glasses Judd-Ofelt theory Photoluminescence Dexter theory

Evaluation of X-Ray Doses on Children, from Paediatric Hospitals in Sudan

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Open Journal of Radiology 2013年第4期3卷 169-173页

作者： k. E. M. Mohamadain S. M. Ibrahim Department of Physics Faculty of Science Gassim University Qassim Saudi Arabia Department of Physics Faculty of Science Gassim University Qassim Saudi Arabia Sudan University of Science and Technology Khartoum Sudan

Children are more sensitive to radiation than adults, so radiation protection in paediatric radiology deserves special attention. This work.estimates the effective doses and body organ doses due to chest examinations in infants and paediatrics. Two examination incidences, AP and PA for chest X-ray exposures were evaluated and compared with respect to the radiographic technique employed. This study was carried out in three paediatric hospitals in Sudan. The age intervals considered were 0 - 1 year, 1 - 5 years, 5 - 10 years and 10 - 15 years. The results obtained for organ doses and effective doses were calculated using a software pack.ge developed by the Radiological Protection Centre of the Saint George’s Hospital, London. Effective dose values were also evaluated considering weight intervals from 1 - 10 k., 10 - 20 k., 20 - 30 k. and 30 - 40 k.. Large discrepancies were encountered between the three hospitals, probably due to the different radiographic technique employed, calibration and maintenance of the X-ray equipment, technicians’ expertise, processing conditions.

关键词： Effective Dose Dose Cal Software Body Organ Dose

Adaptive mesh refinement immersed boundary method for simulations of laminar flows past a moving thin elastic structure

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2020年第1期32卷 148-160页

作者： Mohammed Suleman Aldlemy Mohammad Rasidi Rasani Ak.riffin TMYSTuan Ya Centre for Integrated Design for Advanced Mechanical Systems Faculty of Engineering and Built EnvironmentUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 BangiSelangorMalaysia Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Mechanical Engineering TechnologyBenghaziLibya Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Petronas31750 TronohPerakMalaysia

One of the critical issues in numerical simulation of fluid-structure interaction problems is inaccuracy of the solutions,especially for flows past a stationary thin elastic structure where large deformations *** resolution is required to capture the flow characteristics near the fluid-structure interface to enhance accuracy of the solutions within proximity of the thin deformable ***,in this work.an algorithm is developed to simulate fluid-structure interactions of moving deformable structures with very thin *** this algorithm,adaptive mesh refinement(AMR)is integrated with immersed boundary finite element method(IBFEM)with two-stage pressure-velocity *** successive interpolation of the flow field by IBM,the governing equations were solved using a fixed structured mesh,which significantly reduces the computational time associated with mesh *** cut-cell IBM is used to predict the body forces while FEM is used to predict deformation of the thin elastic structure in order to integrate the motions of the fluid and solid at the *** is used to discretize the governing equations and obtain solutions that efficiently capture the thin boundary layer at the fluid-solid *** AMR-IBFEM algorithm is first verified by comparing the drag coefficient,lift coefficient,and Strouhal number for a benchmark.case(laminar flow past a circular cylinder at Re=100)and the results showed good agreement with those of other *** algorithm is then used to simulate 2-D laminar flows past stationary and moving thin structures positioned perpendicular to the freestream *** results also showed good agreement with those obtained from the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian(ALE)algorithm for elastic thin *** is concluded that the AMR-IBFEM algorithm is capable of predicting the characteristics of laminar flow past an elastic structure with acceptable accuracy(error of-0.02%)with only-1%of the computati

关键词： Immersed boundary method finite element method adaptive mesh refinement two-stage velocity-pressure correction thin deformable structures

Women’s Motivation and Associated Factors for Herbal Medicine Use during Pregnancy and Childbirth: A Systematic Review

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Health 2020年第6期12卷 572-597页

作者： Joshua Sumank.uro Christabel Soyen Judith Crock.tt Muslim Ibrahim Frederick.Ngmenk.ieo Joseph k. Wulifan School of Community Health Faculty of Science Charles Sturt University Wagga Wagga Australia Public Health Unit Nadowli District Hospital Ghana Health Service Nadowli Ghana Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Upper West Regional Hospital Ghana Health Service Wa Ghana Department of Education SD Dombo University of Business and Integrated Development Studies Wa Ghana Department of Management Studies School of Business and Law SD Dombo University of Business and Integrated Development Studies Wa Ghana

Back.round: Herbal medicines use has prevailed over the past decades in both low-middle-income and high-income countries over the years. The use among women has increased with increased risk. of ill-health. There is extensive literature on herbal medicine use among women in pre/pregnancy, labour, and the postpartum periods. Therefore, this study aimed to understand women’s purposes, experiences, and motivation for using herbal medicines during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum, and the experiences associated with the use. Methods: Four critical databases were predetermined and searched: CINAHL, Medline, Web of Science, and EMBASE. These databases were chosen for their comprehensiveness and relevance to the review aims. We considered peer-reviewed published articles from January 2000 to December 2018. We chose these databases because we found that they are dominant in the medical and healthcare-related literature. All references were pooled to Endnote reference management software for screening. Quality appraisal of articles was conducted using the Mixed-Method Assessment Tool (MMAT). Content analysis approach was used to extra the data from the articles. Globally, twenty-one articles met the inclusion criteria, and thus, formed the dataset for this review. Results: Most articles (n = 10, 47.6%) reported solely HM uses on only pregnancy whiles the rest evaluated HM uses in labour, pre-pregnancy, and the postpartum periods. The results have shown that the majority of women received information about HM from friends, family, the “black.mark.ts,” and drug outlets. Overall, the results were presented in seven broad themes: 1) sociodemographic characteristics of HM users, 2) perceived threat of health problem, 3) sources and quality of the information received, 4) susceptibility to health complications, 5) potential limitations to the use of HM, 6) the motivation for HM utilization, 7

关键词： Herbal Medicine Pregnancy and Childbirth Maternal Outcomes Obstetric Complications Women’s and Newborn Health