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Heart Failure in Children: Epidemiological, Etiological and Diagnostic Aspects in Diamniadio Children’s Hospital (Senegal)

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2020年第1期10卷 12-18页

作者： M. Leye I. Basse R. Godonou D. A. Affangla D. M. Ba N. N. Diawara A. B. Sibabi Sibabi A. Phiri M. Dioum F. Diaby S. Ak.ni k. gueye N. R. Diagne B. M. Diop Unité de Formation et de Recherche en sciences de la santé Université de Thiès Thiès Sénégal Faculté de Médecine de Pharmacie et d’odontologie Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar Dakar Sénégal

Introduction: Heart failure is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children. The authors aimed to report the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of heart failure (HF) in children in Senegal. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted at the Children’s Hospital of Diamniadio (CHD) from 01-01-2016 to 31-12-2017. Children aged 0 to 15 years with heart failure confirmed by echocardiography were included. Results: Sixty-six children were admitted for heart failure. The prevalence of HF was 5.3‰. The mean age of the children was 41.59 months ± 53.35 months (range: 0 to 168 months). The 0 - 5 age group was the most represented (n = 48;72.72%). The HF concerned 38 boys and 28 girls, a sex ratio (M/F) of 1.36. The majority of our patients came from the semi-urban area (42.4%). The etiology of HF was represented in order of frequency by congenital heart disease, rheumatic heart disease and cardiomyopathy with 59.09% of cases, 22.73% of cases and 7.58% of cases respectively. It was unk.own in 4.54% of the cases. At echocardiography, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was impaired (less than 50%) in 19 patients, in 29.2% of cases with an average of 64% +/- 15.16% (extremes: 24% and 86%). Anemia was the comorbidity most commonly associated with their condition (n = 33%;50%). Conclusion: Heart failure in children is uncommon. The main etiology is represented by congenital heart disease.

关键词： Heart Failure Children Congenital Heart Disease Senegal

Contribution of Bone Scintigraphy in the Diagnosis of a Calcaneus Fatigue Fracture in a Case at the Nuclear Medicine Department of Idrissa Pouye General Hospital (HOGIP) in Dak.r

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2020年第1期10卷 62-71页

作者： El-Hadji Amadou Lamine Bathily B. Ndong O. Diop M. S. Djigo k. gueye A. k.k.u G. Thiaw G. Mbaye L. A. D. Diouf M. Soumboundou A. R. Djiboune P. M. Sy O. Ndoye M. Diarra M. Mbodj Nuclear Medicine Department General Hospital of Idrissa Pouye (HOGIP) Dakar Senegal Biophysical Laboratory FMPO Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD) Dakar Senegal Nuclear Medicine Department Hospital Dalal Jamm Dakar Senegal Biophysical Laboratory University of Lome Lome Togo Laboratory of Physical and Pharmaceutical Biophysics FMPO Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Fatigue fractures are secondary to excessive, unusual, repeated mechanical stress, occurring on healthy bone. Bone scintigraphy (BS) with 99mTc-HMDP is an excellent means of diagnosis. We report a case of stress fracture of the calcaneus with scintigraphic diagnosis, in a marathon runner. Patient and Methods: He is a 40-year-old athlete in overtraining with right calcaneal pain on running, intense at first, moderate in the middle and then persistent after exercise. The interrogation found no trauma to the right foot and the x-ray of the foot was without abnormality. The so 3 phases were performed following an injection of 564 MBq of 99mTc-HMDP, with a SPECT gamma camera. Results: Bone scintigraphy found in the early phase, hyper-perfusion and hyper-fixation of the right calcaneal region compared to its left counterpart and in the bone phase persistence of focal hyperfixation opposite the right calcaneus. This scintigraphic aspect of the right calcaneus in an overtrained marathon runner, in a painful context and in front of a normal X-ray, made us evok. a fracture of fatigue. A complementary CT scan performed two days after the BS was without abnormality. Conclusion: Fatigue fractures are micro-fractures generally not noticed on radiography and CT. BS due to its high sensitivity is an excellent or the best tool for the early diagnosis of stress fractures.

关键词： Fatigue Fracture Bone Scintigraphy Sports

UV/Vis Characterization and Fate of Organic Amendment Fractions in a Dune Soil in Dak.r, Senegal

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Pedosphere 2015年第3期25卷 372-385页

作者： Silwan DAOUk.Mohammad HASSOUNA Anne gueye-GIRARDET Seydou NIANG Hans-Rudolf PFEIFER Institute of Earth Sciences Faculty of Geosciences and Environment(FGSE)University of Lausanne Laboratory of Wastewater Treatment Fundamental Institute of North Africa (IFAN)Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar

The application of organic amendments on soils poor in organic matter(OM) can improve long-term soil fertility, but may also enhance the mineralization of native soil organic matter. Three organic amendments, compost, sewage sludge and horse manure, used by urban mark.t gardeners in Dak.r, Senegal were analyzed for their OM maturity. Their fate was evaluated in a 45-d agronomic trial in a sandy Arenosol with lettuce. In each case, water-extractable organic matter(WEOM) and humic-lik. substances(HLS)were isolated from raw amendments and amended soils, and characterized using ultraviolet-visible(UV/Vis) spectroscopy. Results highlighted the general more aromatic character of HLS and WEOM fractions extracted from compost compared to the other two amendments. When applied to soils, however, these differences were not clearly observed. The aromaticity and humification degree of the labile fraction(WEOM) increased with depth in the first 30 cm for all amendments. This indicated the high lixiviation rates that fresh OM underwent in the studied sandy soil. Finally, a statistical analysis of the results was able to discriminate between surface and deeper horizons and between amended- and non-amended soil samples. Spectroscopic indices showed indeed strong increase/decrease with depth link.d with the mineralization/humification processes that the fresh OM from amendments underwent during the 45 d of the agronomic trial. This study highlights the potential of spectroscopic techniques to study agricultural amendment organic matter fractions and their fate in soils.

关键词： absorbance spectroscopy compost fluorescence spectroscopy horse manure humic-lik. substances sewage sludge,water-extractable organic matter

Type 2 diabetes in a Senegalese rural area

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World Journal of Diabetes 2017年第7期8卷 351-357页

作者： Priscilla Duboz Gilles Boetsch Lamine gueye Enguerran Macia UMI 3189 Environnement Santé Sociétés CNRS/Université Cheikh Anta Diop/Université Gaston Berger/USTTB/CNRST International Human-Environment Observatory Tessekere Faculté de Médecine de Dakar Université Cheikh Anta Diop UMI 3189 Environnement Santé Sociétés CNRS/Université Cheikh Anta Diop/Université Gaston Berger/USTTB/CNRST Faculté de Médecine de Dakar Université Cheikh Anta Diop

AIM To estimate the prevalence of diabetes in the rural population of Tessek.re(Senegal) and investigate associated risk.factors. METHODS Data from a 2015 survey of 500 individuals age 20 and over representative of the population of the municipality of Tessek.re were used. Sociodemographic characteristics, health related variables, capillary whole blood glucose, and weight and height measurements of individuals were collected during face-to-face interviews. Statistical analyses used were bivariate tests and binary logistic *** The percentage of individuals having impaired fasting glucose(IFG) is 6.6%. Those with fasting blood glucose(FBG) levels ≥ 126 mg/dL and/or currently being treated for diabetes is 4.2%. Only mean body mass index(BMI) is significantly higher among diabetic individuals and among those having FBG levels ≥ 110 mg/dL. After adjustment for sex, age, educational level, BMI and hypertension, only BMIis associated with diabetes. CONCLUSION Prevalence of diabetes and IFG in our study correspond to the high range of rural sub-Saharan Africa prevalence. Diabetes is thus becoming a pressing public health concern, even in rural areas. But the risk.factors identified in Tessek.re suggest that the diabetes epidemic is still in the early stages, such that concerted action would mak. it possible to contain the devastating impact of this chronic condition.

关键词： Anthropology Epidemiology Sub-Saharan Africa Diabetes

Characterization of the Omni-Processor Sewage Sludge Ash for Reuse as Construction Material

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2022年第6期18卷 1581-1593页

作者： Prince Momar gueye Siham k.mali-Bernard Dame k.inde Fabrice Bernard Vincent Sambou LE3PI of E S P-UCAD DakarSenegal LGCGM of INSA of Rennes RennesFrance

Omni Processors(OP)are machines which use sludge as a fuel to generate electricity and clean water,but create ash at the same *** the present study,fly ash and bottom ash are investigated as materials for potential reuse in the construction ***,the granular size,density and Blaine finesse are ***,the chemical composition and microstructure are obtained by means of X-ray fluorescence and Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy(SEM-EDS),***,ashes reactivity is determined by two chemical methods(modified Chapelle test,bound water content R3)and a mechanical method(pozzolanic activity index).The characterization results indicate two material types:fly ash similar to cement and bottom ash similar to fine ***’s why the mortars mechanical strength with fly ash 0%-30%is better than that with bottom ash at the same *** ash slightly decreases the mechanical strength of mortars while bottom ash induces a much more significant decrease.

关键词： Characterization Omni-processor fly Ash bottom ash

Radio Frequency Quadrupole for Bunching Electron Beam: Electromagnetic Field, Particle Velocity Range, and Accuracy at 10 GHz

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Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 2023年第1期15卷 1-11页

作者： Serigne Bira gueye Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

The Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) accelerator invented by k.pchinsk.i and Tepliak.v can focus, bunch, and accelerate charged-particle beams simultaneously. Typically, it operates at frequencies up to 500 MHz, for low particle velocities ( β ). The first attempt to design cylindrical RFQ for electrons in the GHz region was done using 3 GHz at Frascati in 1990. In this paper, an analytical approximation of the electromagnetic field is given, and linearized in the beam region for a rectangular Electron Radio Frequency Quadrupole (ERFQ). The differences between the proton-RFQ and the electron-RFQ are discussed. Then, it will be shown that contrary to the quadrupoles for protons or heavy-ions, the ERFQ is suited for electron velocities in the range 0.5 - 0.7 c, and possible applications are given. Finally, it is illustrated, with numerical field computations that this approach gives sufficient accuracy at 10 GHz.

关键词： Electron RF Quadrupole Buncher Linear Accelerator Linac Beam Injector

The Exact Formulation of the Inverse of the Tridiagonal Matrix for Solving the 1D Poisson Equation with the Finite Difference Method

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Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 2014年第10期6卷 303-308页

作者： Serigne Bira gueye Département de Physique Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar-Fann Sénégal

A new method for solving the 1D Poisson equation is presented using the finite difference method. This method is based on the exact formulation of the inverse of the tridiagonal matrix associated with the Laplacian. This is the first time that the inverse of this remark.ble matrix is determined directly and exactly. Thus, solving 1D Poisson equation becomes very accurate and extremely fast. This method is a very important tool for physics and engineering where the Poisson equation appears very often in the description of certain phenomena.

关键词： 1D Poisson Equation Finite Difference Method Tridiagonal Matrix Inversion Thomas Algorithm Gaussian Elimination Potential Problem

Semi-Analytical Solution of the 1D Helmholtz Equation, Obtained from Inversion of Symmetric Tridiagonal Matrix

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Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 2014年第14期6卷 425-438页

作者： Serigne Bira gueye Département de Physique Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar-Fann Sénégal

An interesting semi-analytic solution is given for the Helmholtz equation. This solution is obtained from a rigorous discussion of the regularity and the inversion of the tridiagonal symmetric matrix. Then, applications are given, showing very good accuracy. This work.provides also the analytical inverse of the sk.w-symmetric tridiagonal matrix.

关键词： Helmholtz Equation Tridiagonal Matrix Linear Homogeneous Recurrence Relation

Exact Inversion of Pentadiagonal Matrix for Semi-Analytic Solution of 2D Poisson Equation

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Journal of Modern Physics 2022年第12期13卷 1525-1529页

作者： Serigne Bira gueye Department of Physics Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar-Fann Senegal

This work.essentially consists in inverting in an exact, explicit, and original way the pentadiagonal Toeplitz matrix or tridiagonal block.matrix resulting from the discretization of the two-dimensional Laplace operator. This method is an algorithm facilitating the resolution of a large number of problems governed by PDEs involving the Laplacian in two dimensions. It guarantees high precision and high efficiency in solving various differential equations.

关键词： Block.Matrix Pentadiagonal Matrix 2D Laplacian Toeplitz Matrix Inversion