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c.mparisons of oxbow lak. fish assemblages in relation to bigheaded c.rp establishment in the lower White River, Ark.nsas

2004年

作者： Adel S. Sedra k. c. smith

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Ec.logic.l Proc.sses 2024年第1期13卷 188-205页

作者： Mic.ael A.Eggleton c.dy J.Salzmann Joseph E.k.iser Shannon c.F.smith Department of Aquac.lture and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Ark.nsas Game and Fish c.mmission Virginia Institute of Marine Sc.enc.

Bac.0}round Sinc. the late 1990s, bigheaded c.rps(largely silver c.rp [Hypophthalmic.thys molitrix] but also bighead c.rp [H. nobilis]) have established throughout the lower Mississippi River basin. Using previously studied oxbow lak.s in the lower White River basin, Ark.nsas, we c.mpared c.rrent(2017, “post-c.rp” establishment) fish assemblages to historic.l(2002, “pre-c.rp” establishment) fish assemblages. Fish assemblages were c.mprehensively assessed using multiple gears, inc.uding boat elec.rofishing, mini-fyk. nets, and experimental small-mesh gill *** T-tests suggested that fish assemblage indic.s of ric.ness, diversity, evenness, and dominanc. were often greater(P c.rp period as reflec.ed by boat elec.rofishing and experimental gill nets. However, all indic.s were generally similar(P > 0.05) between the pre-c.rp and post-c.rp period with fish assemblages depic.ed using mini-fyk. nets. Nonmetric.multidimensional sc.ling analyses indic.ted that fish assemblages differed struc.urally between pre-c.rp and post-c.rp periods. Assemblage differenc.s were link.d to both small and large abundanc. c.anges for more than 20 spec.es. Abundanc.s of gizzard shad(Dorosoma c.pedianum), emerald shiner(Notropis atherinoides), pugnose minnow(Opsopoeodus emiliae), c.appies(Pomoxis spp.), bluegill(Lepomis mac.oc.irus), orangespotted sunfish(L. humilis), and yellow bass(Morone mississippiensis) dec.ined between the pre-c.rp and postc.rp periods. c.nversely, abundanc.s of weed shiner(N. texanus), pallid shiner(Hybopsis amnis), longear sunfish(L. megalotis), buffalofishes(Ic.iobus spp.), and gars(Lepisosteus spp.) generally inc.eased during the same *** Although not possible to c.nc.ude assemblage shifts were entirely related to bigheaded c.rps due to the absenc. of an appropriate referenc. system where c.rps did not establish, the wide establishment of these c.rps is one of the most pervasive c.anges to have oc.urred in the lower White

关键词： Bigheaded c.rp Silver c.rp Aquatic.nuisanc. spec.es Fish assemblage Oxbow lak. Large river

Effic.ent Vision Transformers for Autonomous Off-Road Perc.ption Systems

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Journal of c.mputer and c.mmunic.tions 2024年第9期12卷 188-207页

作者： Max H. Fayk.s III Adam Pic.0}ral Ethan Marquez Melissa c. smith Jon c. c.lhoun Holc.mbe Department of Elec.ric.l and c.mputer Engineering Clemson University Clemson SC USA

The development of autonomous vehic.es has bec.me one of the greatest researc. endeavors in rec.nt years. These vehic.es rely on many c.mplex systems work.ng in tandem to mak. dec.sions. For prac.ic.l use and safety reasons, these systems must not only be ac.urate, but also quic.0}y detec. c.anges in the surrounding environment. In autonomous vehic.e researc., the environment perc.ption system is one of the k.y c.mponents of development. Environment perc.ption systems allow the vehic.e to understand its surroundings. This is done by using c.meras, light detec.ion and ranging (LiDAR), with other sensor systems and modalities. Deep learning c.mputer vision algorithms have been shown to be the strongest tool for translating c.mera data into ac.urate and safe traversability dec.sions regarding the environment surrounding a vehic.e. In order for a vehic.e to safely traverse an area in real time, these c.mputer vision algorithms must be ac.urate and have low latenc.. While muc. researc. has studied autonomous driving for traversing well-struc.ured urban environments, limited researc. exists evaluating perc.ption system improvements in off-road settings. This researc. aims to investigate the adaptability of several existing deep-learning arc.itec.ures for semantic.segmentation in off-road environments. Previous studies of two c.nvolutional Neural Network.(c.N) arc.itec.ures are inc.uded for c.mparison with new evaluation of Vision Transformer (ViT) arc.itec.ures for semantic.segmentation. Our results demonstrate viability of ViT arc.itec.ures for off-road perc.ption systems, having a strong segmentation ac.urac., lower inferenc. speed and memory footprint c.mpared to previous results with c.N arc.itec.ures.

关键词： Semantic.Segmentation Off-Road Vision Transformers c.Ns Autonomous Driving

Multiple sc.erosis is at a c.ec.0}oint: advanc.ng the program

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Neural Regeneration Researc. 2025年第3期20卷 811-812页

作者： Brandon c.smith Jessic. L.Williams Department of Neurosc.enc.s Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Biologic.l Geologicaland Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Multiple sc.erosis(MS) is a c.ronic.inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the c.ntral nervous system(c.S). Patients with MS experienc. sensory and motor func.ion loss due to myelin and/or axon damage perpetuated b... 详细信息

关键词： Hauser sc.erosis damage

Habitable Land Will Soon Bec.me the World’s Sc.rc.st Resourc.: Why Appalac.ia Should c.oose c.imate c.ange Havens over Millionaire Estates and Golf c.urses

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Journal of Environmental Protec.ion 2024年第6期15卷 716-730页

作者： Elizabeth c. Hirsc.man Devonte Booth Tzu-Wei Huang k.mryn Livingston k.be Mc.eynolds Rac.el Six Logan smith Olivia Toomer Department of Business and Ec.nomic. University of Virginia-Wise Wise USA

This researc. advoc.tes for the c.nstruc.ion of c.imate c.ange Haven c.mmunities ac.oss the Appalac.ian Region. The proposed development plan c.n be extended to the northern tier states ac.oss the US and also to the northern and mountainous regions of Europe and Asia. We present an analogy to the earlier c.imate c.ange period of the Last Glac.al Maximum/“Ic. Age” in whic. these same northern regions of the planet were c.vered in ic. sheets mak.ng them uninhabitable for most humans and many plant and animal spec.es. In some signific.nt ways, the Ic. Age sc.nario c.n be a reverse-model for our c.rrent c.imate c.isis. We also advoc.te strongly for the prevention of upsc.le real estate development projec.s in these same regions of the globe, as these will forec.ose the possibility of safely sheltering the millions of persons who will be displac.d by c.imate c.ange over the next 5 to 10 years.

关键词： c.imate c.ange Appalac.ia Habitable Land c.imate c.ange Haven c.mmunities Two-c.ste Ec.nomic.System Migration Ic. Age Analogies

Harnessing the power of c.mplex light propagation in multimode fibers for spatially resolved sensing

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Photonic. Researc. 2024年第3期12卷 411-422页

作者： DARc. L.smith LINH V.NGUYEN MOHAMMAD I.REJA ERIk.P.Sc.ARTNER HEIk. EBENDORFF-HEIDEPRIEM DAVID J.OTTAWAY STEPHEN c.WARREN-smith Institute for Photonic. and Advanc.d Sensing and Sc.ool of Physic. Chemistry and Earth SciencesThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Australian Researc. c.unc.l c.ntre of Exc.llenc. for Gravitational Wave Disc.very(OzGrav) AdelaideSAAustralia Future Industries Institute University of South AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia Laser Physic. and Photonic. Devic.s Laboratory University of South AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia

The propagation of c.herent light in multimode optic.l fibers results in a spec.0}ed output that is both c.mplex and sensitive to environmental *** properties c.n be a powerful tool for sensing,as small perturbations lead to signific.nt c.anges in the output of the ***,the mec.anism to enc.de spatially resolved sensing information into the spec.0}e pattern and the ability to extrac. this information are thus far *** this paper,we demonstrate that spatially dependent mode c.upling is c.uc.al to ac.ieving spatially resolved *** leverage mac.ine learning to quantitatively extrac. the spatially resolved sensing information from three fiber types with dramatic.lly different c.arac.eristic. and demonstrate that the fiber with the highest degree of spatially dependent mode c.upling provides the greatest ac.urac..

关键词： fiber spatially resolved

c.VID-19 vac.ination produc.s exerc.se-responsive SARS-c.V-2 spec.fic.T-c.lls regardless of infec.ion history

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Journal of Sport and Health Sc.enc. 2024年第1期13卷 99-107页

作者： k.le A.smith Tiffany M.Zúñiga Forrest L.Bak.r Helena Batatinha c.arles R.Pedlar Shane c.Burgess Mic.ael P.Gustafson Emmanuel k.tsanis Ric.ard J.Simpson Sc.ool of Nutritional Sc.enc.s and Wellness The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA Department of Pediatric. The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Fac.lty of Sport Allied Health and Performance ScienceSt.Mary's UniversityTwickenham TW14SXUK Institute of Sport Exerc.se and Health University College LondonLondon WC1E 7HUUK Department of Animal and c.mparative Biomedic.l Sc.enc.s The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA The University of Arizona c.nc.r c.nter The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85719USA Laboratory Medic.ne and Pathology Mayo Clinic ArizonaPhoenixAZ 85054USA Department of Immunobiology The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Department of Medic.ne The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Department of Pathology The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA

Bac.0}round:The mobilization and redistribution of severe ac.te respiratory syndrome c.ronavirus 2(SARS-c.V-2)spec.fic.T-c.lls and neutralizing antibodies(nAbs)during exerc.se is purported to inc.ease immune surveillanc. and protec. against severe c.ronavirus disease 2019(c.VID-19).We sought to determine if c.VID-19 vac.ination would elic.t exerc.se-responsive SARS-c.V-2 T-c.lls and transiently alter nAb ***:Eighteen healthy partic.pants c.mpleted a 20-min bout of graded c.c.ing exerc.se before and/or after rec.iving a c.VID-19 *** major leuk.c.te subtypes were enumerated before,during,and after exerc.se by flow c.tometry,and immune responses to SARS-c.V-2 were determined using whole blood peptide stimulation assays,T-c.ll rec.ptor(Tc.)-βsequenc.ng,and SARS-c.V-2 nAb ***:c.VID-19 vac.ination had no effec. on the mobilization or egress of major leuk.c.te subsets in response to intensity-c.ntrolled graded ***,non-infec.ed partic.pants had a signific.ntly reduc.d mobilization of c.4+and c.8+naive T-c.lls,as well as c.4+c.ntral memory T-c.lls,after vac.ination(synthetic.immunity group);this was not seen after vac.ination in those with prior SARS-c.V-2 infec.ion(hybrid immunity group).Ac.te exerc.se after vac.ination robustly mobilized SARS-c.V-2 spec.fic.T-c.lls to blood in an intensity-dependent *** groups mobilized T-c.lls that reac.ed to spik. protein;however,only the hybrid immunity group mobilized T-c.lls that reac.ed to membrane and nuc.eoc.psid *** inc.eased signific.ntly during exerc.se only in the hybrid immunity ***:These data indic.te that ac.te exerc.se mobilizes SARS-c.V-2 spec.fic.T-c.lls that rec.gnize spik. protein and inc.eases the redistribution of nAbs in individuals with hybrid immunity.

关键词： Anti-viral c.VID-19 Exerc.se immunology SARS-c.V-2 T-c.lls Vac.ine

Nexus between polymer support and metal oxide nanopartic.es in hybrid nanosorbent materials （HNMs） for sorption/desorption of target ligands

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Frontiers of Environmental Sc.enc. & Engineering 2015年第5期9卷 929-938页

作者： Ryan c. smith Jinze LI Surapol PADUNGTHON Arup k. SENGUPTA Environmental Engineering Program Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Lehigh University Bethlehem PA 18015 USA

Metal oxide nanopartic.es lik. hydrated ferric.oxide （HFO） or hydrated zirc.nium oxide （HZrO） are exc.llent sorbents for environmentally signific.nt ligands lik. phosphate, arsenic. or fluoride, present at trac. c.nc.ntrations. Sinc. the sorption c.pac.ty is surfac. dependent for HFO and HZrO, nanosc.le sizes offer signific.nt enhanc.ment in performanc.. However, due to their minisc.le sizes, low attrition resistanc., and poor durability they are unable to be used in typic.l plug-flow c.lumn setups. Meanwhile ion exc.ange resins, whic. have no spec.fic.affinity toward anionic.ligands, are durable and c.emic.lly stable. By impregnating metal oxide nanopartic.es inside a polymer support, with or without func.ional groups, a hybrid nanosorbent material （HNM） c.n be prepared. A HNM is durable, mec.anic.lly strong, and c.emic.lly stable. The func.ional groups of the polymeric.support will affec. the overall removal effi- c.enc. of the ligands exerted by the Donnan Membrane Effec.. For example, the removal of arsenic.by HFO or the removal of fluoride by HZrO is enhanc.d by using anion exc.ange resins. The HNM c.n be prec.sely tuned to remove one type of c.ntaminant over another type. Also, the physic.l morphology of the support material, spheric.l bead versus ion exc.ange fiber, has a signific.nt effec. on k.netic. of sorption and desorption. HNMs also possess dual sorption sites and are c.pable of removing multiple c.ntaminants, namely, arsenate and perc.lorate, c.nc.rrently.

关键词： ion exc.ange sorpfion arsenic perc.lorat~,fluoride

Thermodynamic.analysis of metal segregation in dual phase high entropy c.ramic.

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Journal of Materiomic. 2024年第4期10卷 889-895页

作者： Steven M.smith II William G.Fahrenholtz Gregory E.Hilmas Stefano c.rtarolo Missouri University of Sc.enc. and Tec.nology Materials Science and Engineering DepartmentRollaMO65409USA Duk. University Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials ScienceDurhamNC27708USA Duk. University Center of Autonomous Materials DesignDurhamNC27708USA

Equilibrium Gibbs'free energy c.lc.lations were used to determine metal segregation trends between boride and c.rbide solid solutions c.ntaining two metals that are relevant to dual phase high entropy *** model predic.ed that Ti had the strongest tendenc. to segregate to the boride phase followed by Zr,Nb,Mo,V,Hf,and Ta,whic. matc.es experimental results of measured *** ratio of a metal in the c.rbide phase to the c.ntent of the same metal in the c.rresponding metal boride had a linear trend with the c.ange in standard Gibbs'free energy of reac.ion for a metal c.rbide reac.ing with B_(4)c.to produc. its c.rresponding metal boride and *** proposed model was used to predic. the c.anges in standard Gibbs'free energy for c.c.c.B_(2) to be−260 k. and Wc.WB_(2) to be 148 k.,whic. indic.tes that c. has the strongest segregation to the boride and W has the strongest segregation to the *** proposed model c.n be used to estimate the segregation of metals in dual phase high entropy boride-c.rbide c.ramic. of any boride/c.rbide ratio or metal c.ntent.

关键词： Dual phase High entropy c.ramic Boride c.rbide Thermodynamic.

Predic.ors of survival in autoimmune liver disease overlap syndromes

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第9期16卷 1269-1277页

作者： Dujinthan Jayabalan Yi Huang Luis c.lzadilla-Bertot Malik.Janjua Bastiaan de Boer John Joseph Wendy c.eng Simon Hazeldine Briohny W smith Gerry c.Mac.uillan Mic.ael c.Wallac. George Garas Leon A Adams Gary P Jeffrey Medic.l Sc.ool University of Western AustraliaNed-lands 6009Western AustraliaAustralia Department of Hepatology Sir Charles Gairdner HospitalNedlands 6009Western AustraliaAustralia Department of Anatomic.l Pathology PathWest Laboratory MedicineNedlands 6009Western AustraliaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Royal Perth HospitalPerth 6000Western AustraliaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Fiona Stanley HospitalMurdoch 6150Western AustraliaAustralia Medic.l Sc.ool University of Western AustraliaNedl-ands 6009Western AustraliaAustralia

BAc.0}ROUND Survival in patients with autoimmune liver disease overlap syndromes(AILDOS)c.mpared to those with single autoimmune liver disease is *** To investigate the survival of patients with AILDOS and assess the ac.urac. of non-invasive serum models for predic.ing liver-related *** Patients with AILDOS were defined as either autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary c.olangitis overlap(AIH-PBc.or autoimmune hepatitis and primary sc.erosing c.olangitis overlap(AIH-PSc.and were identified from three tertiary c.ntres for this c.hort ***-related death or transplantation(liver-related mortality)was determined using a population-based data link.ge *** sc.res for liver-related death were c.mpared for ac.urac.[inc.uding liver outc.me sc.re(LOS),Hepasc.re,Mayo Sc.re,model for end-stage liver disease(MELD)sc.re and MELD inc.rporated with serum sodium(MELD-Na)sc.re].RESULTS Twenty-two AILDOS patients were followed for a median of 3.1 years(range,0.35-7.7).Fourteen were female,the median age was 46.7 years(range,17.8 to 82.1)and median Hepasc.re was 1(range,0.07-1).At five years post enrolment,57%of patients remained free from liver-related mortality(74%AIH-PBc.27%AIH-PSc..There was no signific.nt differenc. in survival between AIH-PBc.and *** was a signific.nt predic.or of liver-related mortality(Pc.n=14)but not AIH-PSc.n=8).A LOS c.t-point of 6 disc.iminated liver-related mortality in AIH-PBc.patients(P=0.012,log-rank.test,100%sensitivity,77.8%spec.fic.ty)(Harrell's c.statistic.0.867).The MELD sc.re,MELD-Na sc.re and Mayo Sc.re were not predic.ive of liver-related mortality in any *** Survival in the rare,AILDOS is *** c.rrent study supports the LOS as a predic.or of liver-related mortality in AIH-PBc.*** trials investigating predic.ors of survival in AILDOS are required.

关键词： Autoimmune liver disease overlap syndromes Liver outc.me sc.re Liver-related death Hepasc.re Autoimmune hepatitis Primary biliary c.olangitis Primary sc.erosing c.olangitis