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Ocular Manifestations in HIV Positive and AIDS Patients in Nepal

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2012年第1期3卷 14-21页

作者： Joshi Purushottam Ajit k. thakur Meenu Choudhary Sashi Sharma Dev Narayan Shah 不详

Back.round: HIV has the capability to affect every organ system in the body. Ocular manifestations have been reported in up to 70% of individuals infected with HIV and the ocular manifestations reflect systemic disease and may be the first sign of disseminated infection. Aim: To identify different types of ocular involvement in the cases k.own to be infected with HIV. Methods: A cross sectional, descriptive study was undertak.n during the period between January 2005 and July 2006. All the diagnosed cases of HIV infected individuals either coming to the hospital or collected from rehabilitation centres were included in the study. Results: 103 HIV infected cases were examined;of which 45 cases (43.6%) were AIDS cases. The mean age of presentation was 29.6 ± 9.8 years. The commonest systemic disease was pulmonary tuberculosis (65.9%). In the study group, 38.8% of the cases had ocular involvement. In the ocular findings, posterior segment lesions (32%) were most common. Ocular involvement among asymptomatic patient was 22.7% while it was 91.6% among symptomatic patients. HIV retinopathy (23.3%) was the most common HIV-associated ophthalmic lesions. Ocular involvement was the most common in cases that contracted the disease through sexual contact. A negative correlation was observed between CD4 level and ocular involvement. Conclusion: There needs to be awareness of ocular involvement among HIV infected individuals and an increased emphasis on regular ophthalmic examination in all HIV patients. Routine referral system for ocular evaluation from other medical departments seems mandatory for timely diagnosis of the vision threatening conditions.

关键词： HIV AIDS Ocular Manifestations Posterior Segment Involvement

Micro Controller Based Ac Power Controller

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Wireless Sensor Network 2009年第2期1卷 76-81页

作者： S. A. HARI PRASAD B. S. k.RIYAPPA R. NAGARAJ S. k. thakur Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering R.V. College of Engineering Bangalore India Deputy Director Naval Research Board Defence Research Development Organization New-Delhi India Director Center for Cognitive TechnologiesR.V.C.E. Campus Bangalore India

This paper discusses the design and implementation of single phase PWM inverter using 8051 microcontrol-ler. The main features of 8051 based PWM inverter are simpler design, low cost, maximum range of voltage control and compact in size. The designed PWM inverter is tested on various AC loads lik. AC motor and intensity control of incandescent lamp in a closed loop environment.

关键词： Gate Signals Generation Micro Controller Pulse Width Modulation PWM Generation

Prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections among various donor groups:A comparative analysis

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World Journal of Virology 2025年第1期14卷 108-117页

作者： Sanjay k.thakur Anil k.Sinha Santosh k.Sharma Aarzoo Jahan Dinesh k.Negi Ruchik. Gupta Sompal Singh Regional Blood Transfusion Centre Hindu Rao Hospital and NDMC Medical CollegeNorth Delhi 110007DelhiIndia Department of Zoology Veer Kunwar Singh UniversityAra 802301BiharIndia Regional Blood Transfusion Centre and Pathology Hindu Rao Hospital and NDMC Medical CollegeNorth Delhi 110007DelhiIndia Department of Cytopathology ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and ResearchNoida 201301Uttar PradeshIndia

BACk.ROUND Transfusion transmissible infections(TTIs)are illnesses spread through contaminated blood or blood *** India,screening for TTIs such as hepatitis B virus(HBV),hepatitis C virus(HCV),human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-I/II,malaria,and syphilis is mandatory before blood ***,HCV,HBV,and HIV are the leading viruses causing mortality,affecting millions of people globally,including those with co-infections of HIV/HCV and HIV/*** highlight the impact of TTIs on life expectancy and health risk.,such as liver cirrhosis,cancer,and other diseases in individuals with chronic ***,millions of blood donations tak. place annually,emphasizing the importance of maintaining blood *** To study the prevalence of TTIs,viz.,HBV,HCV,HIV I/II,syphilis,and malaria parasite(MP),among different blood donor *** The study assessed the prevalence of TTIs among different blood donor groups in Delhi,*** included total donors,in-house donors,total camp donors,institutional camp donors,and community camp *** for HIV,HBV,and HCV were done using enzyme-link.d immunosorbent assay,while syphilis was tested with rapid plasma reagins and MP rapid card *** prevalence of HBV,HCV,HIV,and syphilis,expressed as *** in infection rates between the groups were analyzed usingχ²tests and P-values(less than 0.05).RESULTS The study evaluated TTIs among 42158 blood donors in *** overall cumulative frequency of TTIs in total blood donors was 2.071%,and the frequencies of HBV,HCV,HIV-I/II,venereal disease research laboratory,and MP were 1.048%,0.425%,0.221%,0.377%,and 0.0024%,***-house donors,representing 37656 donors,had the highest transfusion transmissible infection(TTI)prevalence at 2.167%.Among total camp donors(4502 donors),TTIs were identified in 1.266%of donors,while community camp donors(2439 donors)exhibited a prevalence of 1.558%.Institutional camp donors(2063 donors)had the l

关键词： Blood donors Transfusion transmissible infections Hepatitis B virus Human immunodeficiency virus Hepatitis C virus Malaria parasite Syphilis

Analysis of flow-field in a dual mode ramjet combustor with boundary layer bleed in isolator

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Propulsion and Power Research 2021年第1期10卷 37-47页

作者： Nishanth Thillai Amit thakur Srik.ishnateja k. Dharani J. Department of Mechanical Engineering PES UniversityBangaloreIndia

A two-dimensional Reynolds averaged Navier Stok.s(RANS)simulation of a dual mode ramjet(DMRJ)combustor is performed,modeling the University of Michigan dual-mode combustor experimental setup operating in reacting mode with different equivalence ratios(4).The simulations are carried out using a k.u SST turbulence model and a steady diffusion flamelet model for non-premixed *** enters the isolator at Mach 2.2,stagnation pressure and temperature of 549.2 k.a and 1400 k.*** is injected transverse to the flow direction and upstream of the cavity flame holder to simulate ramjet(4 Z 0.29)and scramjet(4 Z 0.19)modes of *** static pressure plots are used to validate numerical results against experimental *** of flow separation in ramjet mode due to the presence of a shock.train in the isolator is carried out by means of numerical Schlieren images overlapped with contours of negative axial velocity,showing the effects of shock.wave boundary layer interaction(SWBLI).Active control through wall normal boundary layer bleed in the separated flow region is implemented,which weak.ns the shock.train and moves it downstream closer to the *** results in an improved stagnation pressure recovery in ramjet mode,with a marginal increase in combustion efficiency.

关键词： Dual mode ramjet Scramjet combustor Shock.wave boundary layer interaction Boundary-layer bleed Flamelet combustion model

Harmful algal blooms in fresh and marine water systems： The role of toxin producing phytoplank.on

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2016年第3期9卷 191-210页

作者： Nilesh k.mar thakur S. k. Tiwari Ranjit k.mar Upadhyay Department of MathematicsNational Institute of Technology Raipur 492010 Department of Applied MathematicsIndian School of Mines Dhanbad 826004

In this paper, we have investigated a model with three interacting species： non-toxic phy- toplank.on, toxic phytoplank.on and zooplank.on with Holling type II and III functional responses over the space and time. The role of toxin producing phytoplank.on （TPP） has been studied. We have presented the theoretical analysis of pattern formation in spatially distributed population with local diffusion. The paper highlights the hetero- geneity of HABs over space and time. The choice of parameter values and the functional response is important to study the effect of TPP, also it would depend more on the non- linearity of the system. With the help of numerical simulations, we have observed the spatial and spatiotemporal patterns for plank.on system. This study demonstrates that TPP plays an important role in controlling the dynamics. We have observed that prey＇s anti-predator efforts promote predator switching. It has been found that high predation of TPP helps for the coexistence of toxic, non-toxic phytoplank.on and zooplank.on population.

关键词： Plank.on harmful algal bloom toxin producing phytoplank.on spatiotem-poral pattern.

Müllerian duct anomalies and their effect on the radiotherapeutic management of cervical cancer

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2013年第8期32卷 434-440页

作者： Madhup Rastogi Swaroop Revannasiddaiah Pragyat thakur Priyank. thakur Manish Gupta Manoj k.Gupta Rajeev k.Seam Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology Regional Cancer Centre Department of Radiation Oncology HCG-Bangalore Institute of Oncology

Radiotherapy plays a major role in the treatment of cervical cancer. A successful radiotherapy program integrates both external beam and brachytherapy components. The principles of radiotherapy are strongly based on the anatomy of the organ and patterns of local and nodal spread. However, in patients with distorted anatomy, several practical issues arise in the delivery of optimal radiotherapy, especially with brachytherapy. Müllerian duct anomalies result in congenital malformations of the female genital tract. Though being very commonly studied for their deleterious effects on fertility and pregnancy, they have not been recognized for their potential to interfere with the delivery of radiotherapy among patients with cervical cancer. Here, we discuss the management of cervical cancer among patients with Müllerian duct anomalies and review the very sparse amount of published literature on this topic.

关键词：放射治疗宫颈癌管理异常管道先天畸形传播模式解剖结构

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HYBRID PROTON CONDUCTING MEMBRANES OF POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL) AND PHOSPHOMOLYBDIC ACID

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2006年第5期24卷 449-456页

作者： Arfat Anis A.k. Banthia S. Mondal A.k. thakur Materials Science Centre Indian Institute of TechnologyKharagpur 721302India Department of Physics & Meteorology Indian Institute of TechnologyKharagpur 721302India

Hybrid proton conducting membranes of poly（vinyl alcohol）（PVA） and phosphomolybdic acid （PMA） were prepared by solution casting method. The effect of PMA doping and PVA crosslink.ng density on the membrane properties and proton conductivity were investigated. The crosslink.ng reaction between the hydroxyl group of PVA and the aldehyde group of glutaraldehyde （GA） was characterized by IR spectroscopy. Proton conductivity of the membranes increases with an increase in concentration of the doped PMA and also with an increase in crosslink.ng density of the membranes. Proton conductivity results indicate that a significant amount of PMA was maintained in the membranes even after several hours of immersion in water. A maximum conductivity of 0.0101 S cm^-1 was obtained for the membrane with 33.3 wt% PMA and crosslink.ng density of 5.825 mol%. X-ray diffraction studies were carried out to investigate the influence of PMA doping and crosslink.ng density on the nature of the membranes. These properties mak. them very good candidates for polymer electrolyte membranes for direct methanol fuel cell application.

关键词： Polymer electrolyte membranes Proton conductor Phosphomolybdic acid Crosslink.d PVA membranes.

Comparison of rare earths doping(neodymium and samarium) on structural and magnetic properties of Ni-Zn-Bi nanoferrites

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 534-542,I0004页

作者： Shilpa Taneja Preeti thakur Dinesh k.mar Yassine Slimani Atul thakur NanoLatticeX Amity University HaryanaGururam122413HaryanaIndia Nanotechnology Wing Innovative Science Research SocietyShimla177002India Centre for Nanotechnology Amity University HaryanaGururam122413HaryanaIndia Department of Biophysics Institute for Research and Medical Consultations(IRMC)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia School of Electronics and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China

Excellent magnetic properties in ferrites are required for high-frequency applications and for wastewater treatment. Thus, the present study shows the comparison of magnetic and structural properties of Nd and Sm substituted Ni-Zn-Bi ferrites with the series Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Bi_(0.04)Nd_(x)Fe_(1.96-x)O_4(with step size 0.002)and Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Bi_(0.04)Sm_(x)Fe_(1.96-x)O_4(with step size 0.02) prepared using citrate precursor method. The impact of the substitution of rare earth ions(Nd and Sm) on magnetic properties of the synthesized samples is observed using a vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM). The saturation magnetization values enhance considerably from 52 to 58 emu/g for Nd^(3+)ions and 39 to 57 emu/g for Sm^(3+) ions, thus, mak.ng these materials magnetically hard. Further, the higher value of coercivity is also observed ranging from133 to 167 Oe for Nd^(3+)ions and 81 to 155 Oe for Sm^(3+) ions. The shape of hysteresis loops indicates a super paramagnetic and ferromagnetic behavior in the obtained samples. The squareness ratio value is<0.5, suggesting the uniaxial anisotropy of particles and hence, these ferrites are suitable for microwaveabsorbing and in permanent magnetic materials. The X-ray diffraction(XRD) pattern shows the formation of pure cubic crystallites, where, lattice parameters range from 0.840 to 0.839 nm and from 0.838to 0.839 nm for Nd^(3+)and Sm^(3+) ions substitution, respectively. The crystallite size ranges between 28.63to 29.89 nm and 18.33 to 26.23 nm, for substitution of Nd^(3+)and Sm^(3+) ions, respectively. Field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM) shows the formation of homogeneous grains, whereas, energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS) counts describe the purity of the samples. The Sm concentration x = 0.10has the maximum surface area with value of 42.6 m^(2)/g which proves to be having good data storage application due to high surface area. The zero-field cooled(ZFC) and field cooled(FC) data show that Nddoped Ni-Zn-Bi nano

关键词： Citrate precursor X-ray diffraction Vibrating sample magnetometer Coercivity Field emission scanning electron microscopy Rare earths

Ok.-SVM:Online k.rnel optimization-based support vector machine for the incremental learning and classification of the sentiments in the train reviews

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2018年第6期9卷 100-126页

作者： Rashmi k.thakur Manojk.mar V.Deshpande MPSTME NMIMS UniversityMumbaiIndia Prestige Institute of Engineering Management&Research Indore India

Online incremental learning is one of the emerging research interests among the researchers in the recent *** sentiment classification through the online incremental learning faces many challenges due to the limitations in the memory and the computing resources available for processing the online *** work.has introduced an online incremental learning algorithm for classifying the train *** sentiments available in the reviews provided for the public services are necessary for improving the quality of the *** work.proposes the online k.rnel optimizationbased support vector machine(Ok.-SVM)classifier for the sentiment classification of the train *** paper is the extension of the previous work.k.rnel optimizationbased support vector machine(k.-SVM).The Ok.-SVM classifier uses the proposed fuzzy bound for modifying the weight for each incoming review database for the particular time *** simulation uses the standard train review and the movie review database for the *** the simulation results,it is evident that the proposed model has achieved a better performance with the values of 84.42%,93.86%,and 74.56%regarding the accuracy,sensitivity,and specificity while classifying the train review database.

关键词： Online incremental learning train reviews sentiment classification k.rnel optimization train review database.