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Spatial and temporal correlation between beach and wave processes： implications for bar-berm sediment transition

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2018年第2期12卷 349-360页

作者： V. JOEVIVEk.N. CHANDRASEk.R S. SARAVANAN H. ANANDAk.MAR k. THANUSHk.DI N. suguna J. JAYA Centre for GeoTechnology Manonmaniam Sundaranar University Abishekapatti Tirunelveli 627012 Tamil Nadu India Ak.haya college of Engineering and Technology Kinathukadavu Coimbatore 642109 Tamil Nadu India

Investigation of a beach and its wave condi-tions is highly requisite for understanding the physicalprocesses in a coast. This study composes spatial andtemporal correlation between beach and nearshore pro-cesses along the extensive sandy beach of Nagapattinamcoast, southeast peninsular India. The data collectionincludes beach profile, wave data, and intertidal sedimentsamples for 2 years from January 2011 to January *** field data revealed significant variability in beach andwave morphology during the northeast （NE） and southwest（SW） monsoon. However, the beach has been stabilized bythe rework.ng of sediment distribution during the calmperiod. The changes in grain sorting and longshoresediment transport serve as a clear evidence of thesediment migration that persevered between foreshoreand nearshore regions. The Empirical Orthogonal Function（EOF） analysis and Canonical Correlation Analysis （CCA）were utilized to investigate the spatial and temporallink.ges between beach and nearshore criterions. Theoutcome of the multivariate analysis unveiled that theseasonal variations in the wave climate tends to influencethe bar - berm sediment transition that is discerned in thecoast.

关键词： beach nearshore sandbar grain size empiri-cal orthogonal function canonical correlation analysis

Studies on antioxidant properties of starfish Luidia maculata(Muller&Troschel,1842)off Parangipettai,Southeast coast of India

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2014年第9期 694-698页

作者： Anbuk.arasu suguna Subramanian Bragadeeswaran Elayaperumal Natarajan Masilamani Mohanraj Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology Faculty of Marine SciencesAnnamalai UniversityParangipettai-608502India

Objective:To investigate the antioxidant properties of starfish Luidia ***:The crude ethanol extract was partially purified using liquid-liquid partition and size exclusion *** antioxidant properties of partially purified fractions were determined using the following methods:determination of total phenolic content,DPPH radical scavenging assay,hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging assay and reducing power ***:Among the five fractions,collected fraction 3,4 and 5 exhibited antioxidant *** phenolic content was high(360μg GAE/g)in fraction *** DPPH assay,fraction 3 showed the highest IC_(50)value 0.27 mg/mL and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay showed the highest IC_(50)value of 0.07 mg/mL in fraction ***,fraction 3 showed the highest absorbance(0.3)in reducing power assay when compared to fraction 4 and ***:In conclusion,the present study shows the extract of starfish Luidia maculata(F3)possesses good antioxidant activity.

关键词： Antioxidant Total phenolic content Starfish

A Simple Sample Processing Protocol and Multiplex PCR for Direct Detection of MRSA from Uncultured Clinical Samples—A Pilot Study

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2019年第1期9卷 25-38页

作者： Rosy Chik.ala Swathi Ch Sireesha Divyak.lu k.maraju suguna Ratnak.r Venk.taraman Sritharan Molecular Diagnostics and Biomark.rs Laboratory Global Medical Education and Research Foundation Hyderabad India Global Medical Education and Research Foundation Hyderabad India

Phenotypic tests have limited discrimatory power to identify closely related members of genus Staphylococcus and particularly for identification of S. aureus. 157 isolates of S. aureus obtained from different clinical specimens were included in our study. To present a demonstration of our method’s sensitivity and ability to correctly detect S. aureus from uncultured clinical specimen, 30 k.own S. aureus positive but leftover uncultured clinical specimens from clinical microbiology laboratory were processed by our protocol and analyzed. All the 30 clinical specimens were confirmed as S. aureus among which 26 specimen were identified as MRSA and the remaining 4 as MSSA. These 30 clinical specimens used in the study showed 100% correlation with coagulase test and Cefoxitin disc diffusion method. Though commercial molecular diagnostic k.ts are available for detecting MRSA from swabs, this is probably the first time that multiplex PCR is being demonstrated directly on a variety of uncultured clinical specimens.

关键词： mecA nuc Multiplex PCR S. aureus

Hemolysins of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>—An Update on Their Biology, Role in Pathogenesis and as Targets for Anti-Virulence Therapy

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2019年第2期9卷 80-104页

作者： Sireesha Divyak.lu Rosy Chik.ala k.maraju suguna Ratnak.r Venk.taraman Sritharan Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Biomark.rs Global Medical Education & Research Foundation (GMERF) Hyderabad India Global Medical Education & Research Foundation (GMERF) Hyderabad India Department of Molecular Diagnostics & Biomark.rs Gleneagles Global Hospital & Secretary Global Medical Education & Research Foundation (GMERF) Hyderabad India

Staphylococcus aureus is a dangerous gram positive bacterial pathogen which, not only evades the host’s immune system but also can destroy the leucocytes especially neutrophils. It has an embodiment of virulence factors most of which are secreted. Staphylococcus aureus secretes a number of toxins which cause tissue damage and facilitate spreading and nutrients uptak.. Among the toxins, hemolysins α, β, γ, δ and Panton Valentine Leuk.cidin (PVL) are unique that they drill pores in the membrane, leading to the efflux of vital molecules and metabolites. Hemolysins also help in the scavenging of iron, although many of them also have leucolytic properties. α-hemolysin, also k.own as α-toxin, is the most prominent cytotoxin which damages a wide range of host cells including epithelial cells, endothelial cells, erythrocytes, monocytes, k.ratinocytes and it damages cell membrane and induces apoptosis. β-Hemolysin significantly affects human immune cell function. It has Mg2+ dependent sphingomyelinase activity and degrades sphingomyelin of plasma membrane into phosphorylcholine and ceramides. The bi-component leuk.cidins, which include γ-hemolysin and PVL, attack.human phagocytic cells and greatly contribute to immune evasion. Delta toxin is a low molecular weight exotoxin with a broad cytolytic activity. Virulence determinants, quorum sensing and biofilm synthesis provide some attractive targets for design and development of a new group of antimicrobial compounds. This review provides an update on the structure, biological functions of hemolysins and their role in quorum sensing/biofilm synthesis (if any) and as effective therapeutic targets for anti-virulence drug development. We have tried to bring together information available on various aspects of hemolysins and highlighted their distribution among all species of Staphylococcus and other bacteria. We have updated the status of development of candidate drugs targeting the hemolysins for anti-virulence therapy as it offe

关键词： Staphylococcus aureus Hemolysins PVL Quorum Sensing Biofilm Anti-Virulence Therapy

Studies on antimicrobial activity and brine shrimp lethality of crude samples of six different species of puffer ifshes

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2015年第7期 515-517页

作者： Masilamani Mohan Raj Subramanian Bragadeeswaran Anbuk.arasu suguna Muthuramalingam Uthaya Siva Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology Faculty of Marine SciencesAnnamalai UniversityParangipettai-608502TamilnaduIndia

Objective:To evaluate the antimicrobial activity and brine shrimp lethality activity of six different species of puffer fishes,includingCyclichthys orbicularis,Diodon holocanthus,Canthigaster solandri,Arthron hispidus,*** andLagocephalua inermis(***).Methodology:The puffer fishes were collected from Annangk.vil Fish Landing Centre(Lattitude 11°30.47'N;Longitude 79°47.02'E),Parangipettai,Southeast Coast of India during summer season because of *** tissue samples were collected from the clearly washed specimens,extracted with methanol at 37°C for 3 days and filtered through Whatman No.1 filter *** solvents such as methanol and ethanol were concentrated by using rotary evaporator under reduced *** dark.brown gummy mass was stored at 4°C for further *** crude samples were analysed with human pathogens to assess the antibacterial activity and this was carried out by using standard disc diffusion *** brine shrimp lethality was calculated as the percentage of mortality which was firstly calculated by dividing the number of dead larvae by the total number and then multiplied to 100%.Results:The antibacterial activity of crude extract of puffer fishes were exhibited against 10 different human bacterial *** the ten human pathogens,Arthron hispidus showed maximum zone of inhibition(8 mm)againstStaphylococcus aureus *** showed minimum activity(1 mm)againstProteus mirabilis and no zone of inhibition was observed againstStaphylococcus *** shrimp lethality was examined with six puffer fish *** orbicularis showed maximum mortalities as 100%*** showed minimum mortalities as 70%at a concentration of 500μg/***:In conclusion,the study showed the preliminary investigation of crude extracts of puffer fishes about the prominent activity against human bacterial *** extracts had a good cytotoxic potential against brine shrimpArtemina salina.

关键词： Puffer fishes Human pathogens Antimicrobial activity Brine shrimp lethality