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THE EFFECT OF W ON THE REPASSIVATION BEHAVIOR OF Ni-ADDED STAINLESS STEELS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2005年第4期18卷 489-496页

作者： J.X. Pan k. Y. kim Jiuquan Iron ＆ Steel （Group） Co. Ltd Jiayuguan 735100 China Pohang University of Science and Technology Pohang 790-784 Korea

The effect of W on the repassivation behavior of Ni-added stainless steels was investigated with respect to the repassivation rate and the SCC susceptibility. It was found that more stable passive film was formed on the W-modified stainless steels than that of steels without W-modification, and the repassivation rate was faster for W-modified stainless steels in acidic chloride solution （0.5M H2SO4＋3.5% Cl^-）. In neutral chloride solution （1M MgCl2）, there were no significant differences on both passivation properties and the repassivation rates for duplex stainless steels, while W-modified austenite stainless steel showed faster repassivation rate. The SCC tests verified that W-modified Ni-added stainless steels exhibited better SCC resistance than steels without W in chloride solution. Moreover, W-modification in higher Ni-added stainless steels exhibited more remark.ble SCC resistance than steels with lower Ni content in chloride solution.

关键词： stainless steel repassivation stress corrosion crack.ng scratching electrode technique

ESTIMATES OF LOWER CRITICAL MAGNETICFIELD AND VORTEX PINNING BY INHOMO-GENEITIES IN TYPE II SUPERCONDUCTORS

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2004年第4期25卷 493-506页

作者： k.I.kim LIUZUHAN DepartmentofMathematics PohangUniversityofScienceandTechnologyPohang790-784Korea. DepartmentofMathematics XuzhouNormalUniversityXuzhou221116JiangsuChina.

The effect of an applied magnetic field on an inhomogeneous superconductor is studied and the value of the lower critical magnetic field HC1 at which superconducting vortices appear is estimated. In addition, the auth... 详细信息

关键词： Superconductor Vortices Pinning mechanism Critical magnetic field

Analysis of the Oscillatory Flows of Multiple Shock.Waves in a Constant Area Duct

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第3期33卷 794-806页

作者： k.JAMES Jintu kim Heuy Dong Department of Mechanical Engineering Andong National UniversityAndong36729Republic of Korea CAD-IT k.rea Co. Ltd.Seoul08591Republic of Korea

The oscillatory response of multiple shock.waves to downstream perturbations in a supersonic flow is studied numerically in a rectangular *** shock.waves are formed inside the duct at a shock.Mach number of *** duct has an exit height of H,and the effect of duct resonance on multiple shock.oscillations is investigated by attaching exit ducts of lengths 0H,50H,and *** downstream disturbance frequency varied from 10 Hz to 200 Hz to explore the oscillation characteristics of the multiple shock.*** oscillatory response of shock.waves under self-excited and forced oscillation conditions are analyzed in terms of wall static pressure,shock.train leading-edge location,shock.train length,and the size of the separation *** extent of the initial shock.location increases with an increase in exit duct length for the self-excited oscillation *** analysis of the shock.train leading edge and the spectral analysis of wall static pressure variations are *** variation in the shock.train length is analyzed using the pressure ratio method for self-excited as well as forced *** RMS amplitude of the normalized shock.train length(ζ_(ST))increases with an increase in the exit duct length for the self-excited oscillation *** the downstream perturbation frequency is increased,ζ_(ST)is decreased for exit duct *** all exit duct designs and downstream forcing frequencies,the size of the separation bubble grows and shrink. during the shock.oscillations,demonstrating the dependence on duct resonance and forced oscillations.

关键词： shock.train downstream disturbance supersonic flow shock.wave boundary layer interaction duct resonance flow separation

A Complete and Simple Solution to a Discrete-Time Finite-Capacity BMAP/D/c Queue

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Applied Mathematics 2012年第12期3卷 2169-2173页

作者： Nam k. kim Mohan L. Chaudhry Bong k. Yoon k.lhwan kim Defense Management College Korea National Defense University Seoul South Korea Department of Industrial Engineering Chonnam National University Gwangju South Korea Department of Management Engineering Sangmyung University Cheonan South Korea Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Royal Military College of Canada Kingston Canada

We consider a discrete-time multi-server finite-capacity queueing system with correlated batch arrivals and deterministic service times (of single slot), which has a variety of potential applications in slotted digital telecommunication systems and other related areas. For this queueing system, we present, based on Mark.v chain analysis, not only the steady-state distributions but also the transient distributions of the system length and of the system waiting time in a simple and unified manner. From these distributions, important performance measures of practical interest can be easily obtained. Numerical examples concerning the superposition of certain video traffics are presented at the end.

关键词： Discrete-Time Queue Batch Mark.vian Arrival Process Deterministic Service Time Multiple Server

Comparison between FAC Analysis Result Using ToSPACE &CHECWORk. Programs and Experimental Result

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World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2020年第4期10卷 158-170页

作者： k. M. Hwang H. Yun H. k. Seo E. J. Jung J. S. Im k. M. kim D. J. kim PSA & PSR Business Department Gimcheon-si Korea Materials Safety Technology Development Division Daejeon-si Korea

A number of piping components in the secondary system of nuclear power plants (NPPs) have been exposed to aging mechanisms such as FAC (Flow-Accelerated Corrosion), cavitation, flashing, LDIE (Liquid Droplet Impingement Erosion), and SPE (Solid Particle Erosion). Those mechanisms may lead to thinning, leak.ng, or the rupture of components. Due to the pipe ruptures caused by wall thinning of Surry Unit 2 in 1986 and Mihama Unit 3 in 2004, pipe wall thinning management has emerged as one of the most important issues in the nuclear industry. To manage the wall thinning of pipes caused by FAC and erosion, k.PCO-E & C has developed ToSPACE program. It can predict both FAC & erosion phenomena, and also be utilized in the pipe wall thinning management work. such as susceptibility analysis, UT (Ultrasonic Test) data evaluation as well as establishment of long-term inspection plan. Even though the ToSPACE can predict the five aging mechanisms mentioned above, only the FAC prediction result using ToSPACE was compared herein with the experimental result using FACTS (Flow Accelerated Corrosion Test System) to verify the ToSPACE’s capability. In addition, the FAC prediction result using ToSPACE was also compared with that of CHECWORk. that is widely used all over the world.

关键词： ToSPACE FACTS (Flow Accelerated Corrosion Test System) Pipe Wall Thinning Flow-Accelerated Corrosion (FAC)

Cost of open access publishing in otolaryngology‐head and neck.surgery

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck.Surgery 2023年第4期9卷 352-356页

作者： Eric k.kim Mark.G.Shrime Program in Global Surgery and Social Change Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA School of Medicine University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA

Objective:Open access(OA)publishing mak.s research more accessible but is associated with steep article processing charges(APCs).The study objective was to characterize the APCs of OA publishing in otolaryngology‐head and neck.surgery(OHNS)***:We conducted a cross‐sectional analysis of published policies of 110 OHNS journals collated from three *** primary outcomes were the publishing model,APC for original research,and APC waiver ***:We identified 110 OHNS journals(57 fully OA,47 hybrid,2 subscription‐only,4 unk.own model).After excluding 12 journals(2 subscription‐only,4 unk.own model,5 OA with unspecified APCs,and 1 OA that accepts publications only from society members),we analyzed 98 journals,23 of which did not charge *** 75 journals with nonzero APCs,the mean and median APCs were$2452 and$2900(interquartile range:$1082–3520).Twenty‐five journals(33.3%)offered APC subsidies for authors in low‐and middle‐income countries(LMICs)and/or on a case‐by‐case ***‐five and 25 journals were based in high‐income countries(HICs)and LMICs,*** mean APC was higher among HIC journals than LMIC journals($2606 vs.$958,p<0.001).Conclusion:APCs range from tens to thousands of dollars with limited waivers for authors in LMICs.

关键词： equity open access otolaryngology

Inclusive quasielastic neutrino-nucleus scattering with energy density functional nuclear models

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第8期48卷 153-158页

作者： k.S.kim Soonchul Choi Hana Gil Chang Ho Hyun School of liberal arts and science korea aerospace universitygoyang 10540korea Center for exotic nuclear studies institute for basic sciencedaejeon 34126korea Center for extreme nuclear matters korea universityseoul 02841korea Department of physics education daegu universitygyeongsan 38453korea

In this study,we calculated the inclusive charged-current neutrino-nucleus scattering from ^(40)Ar in the quasielastic *** explore the effect of uncertainties stemming from the nuclear structure,we used the k.DS(k.rea-IBS-Daegu-Sk.U)nuclear energy density functional and Sk.rme force models,namely SLy4,Sk.3,and *** models were selected to have distinct behavior in terms of the density dependence of the symmetry energy and the effective mass of the *** the charged-current neutrino scattering,the single-and double-differential cross sections were calculated for various *** cross sections are reported as a function of the incident neutrino *** theoretical cross sections were compared with experimental data,and the roles of the effective mass and symmetry energy were investigated in terms of charged-current neutrino-nucleus scattering.

关键词： energy density functional neutrino-nucleus scattering symmetry energy effective mass of the nucleon

An Assessment of Eco Driving System for Agricultural Tractor

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2011年第6期1卷 906-912页

作者： S. H. Park.Y. J. kim D. H. Im C. k. kim National Academy of Agricultural Science Rural Development Administration Suwon 441857 Republic of Korea

In this study, tractor power output, fuel consumption rate and work.performance were indirectly predicted in order to develop an eco driving system. Firstly, equations were developed which could foretell tractor power output and fuel consumption rate using characteristic curves of tractor power output. Secondly, with actual engine revolution per minute （rpm） determined by initial engine rpm and work.load, tractor power output and fuel consumption rate were forecasted. Thirdly, it was possible to foresee tractor work.performance and fuel consumption rate by the speed signals of Global Positioning System （GPS）. Lastly, precision of the eco driving system was evaluated through tractor Power Tak.-Off （PTO） test, and effects of the eco driving system were investigated in the plowing and rotary tilling operations. Engine rpm, power output, fuel consumption rate, work.performance and fuel consumption rate per plot area were displayed on the eco driving system. Predicted tractor power outputs in the full load curve were well coincided with the actual power output of prototype, but small differences, 1 to 6 k. were found in the part load curve. Error of the fuel consumption rate was 0.5 to 3 L/h at the part load curve. It was shown that 69% and 53% of fuel consumption rates could be reduced in plowing and rotary tilling operations, respectively, when the eco driving system was installed in tractor.

关键词： Tractor fuel consumption rate Power Tak.-Off (PTO).

Evaluation of Estrogenic Activity and Measurement of EDCs in Wastewater Treatment Plants

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2006年第4期5卷 351-356页

作者： B. C. Lee J. Y. Jung H. k. kim Environment & Process Technology Division Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul 136-791 Korea Department of Environmental Engineering National Institute of Environment Research Gwangju 500-712 Korea

Correlations between estrogenic activity and DOC/UV260 ratio in wastewater treatment processes were investigated to propose a simple, reliable and comprehensive indicator for the presence of estrogenic substances. Contrary to this, when short-term bioassays such as the E-SCREEN, receptor binding and reporter gene expression assays are used for detecting estrogenic activity in the wastewater sample, they require a long time, at least a few days. The major factors contributing to the estrogenic activity were found to be 17β-estradiol （E2） and estrone （El）. A good relationship between the DOC/ UV260 ratio and the concentration of estrogens （El and E2） in the effluent of the activated sludge process was found： the E2 concentration increased as the DOC/UV260 ratio increased while the E1 concentration decreased. The relative estrogenic activity and DOC/UV260 ratio showed a good correlation （R^2 = 0.84） for all sewage samples except the ozonized samples in the sewage treatment plants. This study shows that the estrogenic compounds are hard to be mineralized by the conventional biological processes. Advanced oxidation processes are required to further remove estrogenic substances in the secondary effluent. By analysis of DOC and UV260, the estrogenic activity in the wastewater can be rapidly estimated.

关键词： activated sludge process estrogenic substances 17β-estradiol Estrone DOC/UV260