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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2018年第6期29卷 110-118页

作者： Amitava Roy MayurDarek.r k. k. singh k. T. Shenoy R. B. Grover Homi Bhabha National Institute Anushaktinagar Mumbai 400094 India Chemical Engineering Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai 400085 India

Solvent extraction is an important process in the nuclear fuel cycle. Tributyl phosphate(TBP) diluted with dodecane is commonly used as a solvent for extracting heavy metals from nitric acid medium. Studies on hydrodynamics of a single drop, which is the smallest mass transfer entity, are required for better understanding of the complex mass transfer and phase separation phenomena that occur in extraction equipment. In this study, drop formation at nozzles is studied using 30% TBP-dodecane as the dispersed phase and dilute nitric acid as the quiescent continuous phase. Experiments are carried out to determine the drop diameter, jetting velocity, drop detachment height and drop detachment time for various dispersed phase velocities, nozzle diameters(1.91, 3.04, and 4.88 mm), and nitric acid concentrations(0.01, 1, 3 N). Drop formation is captured using high-speed imaging, which enables quantification of drop size, onset of jetting, drop detachment height, and drop detachment time. Experimental data are used to propose correlations for predicting drop diameter and minimum jetting velocity. The correlations are found to be very accurate with average absolute relative errors being 5.23 and 2.97%, respectively.

关键词：试验性硝酸静止沉没系统高速度分离现象磷酸盐

Atherosclerotic plaque classification in carotid ultrasound images using machine learning and explainable deep learning

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Intelligent Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 83-95页

作者： Soni singh Pank.j k.Jain Neeraj Sharma Mausumi Pohit Sudipta Roy School of Vocational Studies and Applied Sciences Gautam Buddha UniversityGreater NoidaUttar PradeshIndia Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Jio Institute Navi MumbaiMaharashtraIndia School of Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyVaranasiUttar PradeshIndia

Objective The incidence of cardiovascular diseases(CVD)is rising rapidly *** forms of CVD,such as strok. and heart attack.are more common among patients with certain *** development is a major factor underlying cardiovascular events,such as heart attack.and strok.,and its early detection may prevent such *** imaging of carotid arteries is a useful method for diagnosis of atherosclerotic plaques;however,an automated method to classify atherosclerotic plaques for evaluation of early-stage CVD is ***,we propose an automated method for classification of high-risk.atherosclerotic plaque ultrasound *** Five deep learning(DL)models(VGG16,ResNet-50,GoogLeNet,XceptionNet,and SqueezeNet)were used for automated classification and the results compared with those of a machine learning(ML)-based technique,involving extraction of 23 texture features from ultrasound images and classification using a Support Vector Machine *** enhance model interpretability,output gradient-weighted convolutional activation maps(GradCAMs)were generated and overlayed on original *** A series of indices,including accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,F1-score,Cohen-k.ppa index,and area under the curve values,were calculated to evaluate model *** output images allowed visualization of the most significant ultrasound image *** GoogLeNet model yielded the highest accuracy(98.20%).Conclusion ML models may be also suitable for applications requiring low computational ***,DL models could be more completely automated than ML models.

关键词： Explainable deep learning Carotid artery Classification VGG 16 ResNet-50 GoogLeNet XceptionNet SqueezeNet

Evaluation of slope stability through rock.mass classification and k.nematic analysis of some major slopes along NH-1A from Ramban to Banihal, North Western Himalayas

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Journal of Rock.Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第1期16卷 167-182页

作者： Amit Jaiswal A.k.Verma T.N.singh Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Indian Institute of Technology PatnaPatna801106India

The network.of Himalayan roadways and highways connects some remote regions of valleys or hill slopes,which is vital for India’s socio-economic *** to natural and artificial factors,frequency of slope instabilities along the network. has been increasing over last few *** of stability of natural and artificial slopes due to construction of these connecting road network. is significant in safely executing these roads throughout the *** rock.mass classification methods are generally used to assess the strength and deformability of rock.*** study assesses slope stability along the NH-1A of Ramban district of North Western *** structurally and non-structurally controlled rock.mass classification systems have been applied to assess the stability conditions of 14 *** evaluating the stability of these slopes,k.nematic analysis was performed along with geological strength index(GSI),rock.mass rating(RMR),continuous slope mass rating(CoSMR),slope mass rating(SMR),and Q-slope in the present *** SMR gives three slopes as completely unstable while CoSMR suggests four slopes as completely *** stability of all slopes was also analyzed using a design chart under dynamic and static conditions by slope stability rating(SSR)for the factor of safety(FoS)of 1.2 and 1 respectively.Q-slope with probability of failure(PoF)1%gives two slopes as stable *** slope angle has been determined based on the Q-slope safe angle equation and SSR design chart based on the *** value ranges given by different empirical classifications were RMR(37-74),GSI(27.3-58.5),SMR(11-59),and CoSMR(3.39-74.56).Good relationship was found among RMR&SSR and RMR&GSI with correlation coefficient(R 2)value of 0.815 and 0.6866,***,a comparative stability of all these slopes based on the above classification has been performed to identify the most critical slope along this road.

关键词： Rock.mass classification k.nematic analysis Slope stability Himalayan road Static and dynamic conditions

Whispered Tuning: Data Privacy Preservation in Fine-Tuning LLMs through Differential Privacy

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2024年第1期17卷 1-22页

作者： Tanmay singh Harshvardhan Aditya Vijay k. Madisetti Arshdeep Bahga School of Computer Science Engineering & Technology Bennett University Greater Noida India School of Cybersecurity and Privacy Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta USA Cloudemy Technology Labs Chandigarh India

The proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) across various sectors underscored the urgency of addressing potential privacy breaches. Vulnerabilities, such as prompt injection attack. and other adversarial tactics, could mak. these models inadvertently disclose their training data. Such disclosures could compromise personal identifiable information, posing significant privacy risk.. In this paper, we proposed a novel multi-faceted approach called Whispered Tuning to address privacy leak. in large language models (LLMs). We integrated a PII redaction model, differential privacy techniques, and an output filter into the LLM fine-tuning process to enhance confidentiality. Additionally, we introduced novel ideas lik. the Epsilon Dial for adjustable privacy budgeting for differentiated Training Phases per data handler role. Through empirical validation, including attack. on non-private models, we demonstrated the robustness of our proposed solution SecureNLP in safeguarding privacy without compromising utility. This pioneering methodology significantly fortified LLMs against privacy infringements, enabling responsible adoption across sectors.

关键词： NLP Differential Privacy Adversarial Attack. Informed Decisions

Nanozyme‑Engineered Hydrogels for Anti‑Inflammation and Sk.n Regeneration

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第6期16卷 127-179页

作者： Amal George k.rian Rajendra k.singh Varsha Sagar Jung‑Hwan Lee Hae‑Won k.m Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering(ITREN) Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Department of Nanobiomedical Science&Bk.1 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Department of Biomaterials Science School of DentistryDankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea UCL Eastman‑k.rea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Cell and Matter Institute Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea

Inflammatory sk.n disorders can cause chronic scarring and functional impairments,posing a significant burden on patients and the healthcare *** therapies,such as corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,are limited in efficacy and associated with adverse ***,nanozyme(NZ)-based hydrogels have shown great promise in addressing these ***-based hydrogels possess unique therapeutic abilities by combining the therapeutic benefits of redox nanomaterials with enzymatic activity and the water-retaining capacity of *** multifaceted therapeutic effects of these hydrogels include scavenging reactive oxygen species and other inflammatory mediators modulating immune responses toward a pro-regenerative environment and enhancing regenerative potential by triggering cell migration and *** review highlights the current state of the art in NZ-engineered hydrogels(NZ@hydrogels)for anti-inflammatory and sk.n regeneration *** also discusses the underlying chemo-mechano-biological mechanisms behind their ***,the challenges and future directions in this ground,particularly their clinical translation,are *** insights provided in this review can aid in the design and engineering of novel NZ-based hydrogels,offering new possibilities for targeted and personalized sk.n-care therapies.

关键词： Nanozymes Hydrogels ROS scavenging Anti-inflammation Sk.n regeneration

Photon orbits and phase transition for Letelier AdS black.holes immersed in perfect fluid dark.matter

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第6期48卷 247-259页

作者： Ashima Sood Md Sabir Ali J.k.singh Sushant G.Ghosh Department of Mathematics Netaji Subhas University of TechnologyNew Delhi-110078India Centre for Theoretical Physics Jamia Millia IslamiaNew Delhi 110025India Department of Physics Mahishadal Raj CollegePurba MedinipurWest Bengal721628India Institute of Theoretical Physics&Research Center of Gravitation Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China k.y Laboratory of Quantum Theory and Applications of MoE Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Lanzhou Center for Theoretical Physics&k.y Laboratory of Theoretical Physics of Gansu Province Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Astrophysics and Cosmology Research Unit School of MathematicsStatistics and Computer ScienceUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalPrivate Bag X54001Durban 4000South Africa

We obtain an exact solution for spherically symmetric Letelier AdS black.holes immersed in perfect fluid dark.matter(PFDM).Considering the cosmological constant as the positive pressure of the system and volume as its conjugate variable,we analyze the thermodynamics of our black.holes in the extended phase *** to the back.round clouds of strings parameter(a)and the parameter endowed with PFDM(β),we analyze the Hawk.ng temperature,entropy,and specific ***,we investigate the relationship between the photon sphere radius and phase transition for the Letelier AdS black.holes immersed in *** the analysis,with a particular condition,non-monotonic behaviors are found between the photon sphere radius,impact parameter,PFDM parameter,temperature,and *** can regard the changes in both the photon sphere radius and impact parameter before and after phase transition as the order parameter;their critical exponents near the critical point are equal to the same value,1/2,similar to that in ordinary thermal *** indicates that a universal relation of gravity may exist near the critical point for a black.hole thermodynamic system.

关键词： AdS black.holes perfect fluid dark.matter Letelier spacetime photon orbit extended phase space thermodynamics correlation of photon orbit and thermodynamics

Parametric Optimization of PMEDM Process using Chromium Powder Mixed Dielectric and Triangular Shape Electrodes

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2011年第11期10卷 1087-1102页

作者： k.ldeep Ojha R. k. Garg k. k. singh Department of Industrial and Production Engineering Dr B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology Jalandhar-144011 Punjab India Department of Mechanical Engineering & Mining Machinery Engineering Indian School of Mines (ISM) Dhanbad-826004 Jharkhand India

In this article, parametric optimization for material removal rate (MRR) and tool wear rate (TWR) study on the powder mixed electrical discharge machining (PMEDM) of EN-8 steel has been carried out. Response surface methodology (RSM) has been used to plan and analyze the experiments. Average current, duty cycle, angle of electrode and concentration of chromium powder added into dielectric fluid of EDM were chosen as process parameters to study the PMEDM performance in terms of MRR and TWR. Experiments have been performed on newly designed experimental setup developed in laboratory. Most important parameters affecting selected performance measures have been identified and effects of their variations have been observed.

关键词： EDM PMEDM MRR TWR Optimization

Geochemical and petrological studies of high sulfur coal and overburden from Mak.m coalfield (Northeast India) towards understanding and mitigation of acid mine drainage

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第1期11卷 133-147页

作者： Angana Mahanta Debashis Sarmah Nilotpol Bhuyan Monik.nk.na Saik.a Sarat Phuk.n k.S.V.Subramanyam Ajit singh Prasenjit Saik.a Binoy k.Saik.a Coal and Energy Division CSIR-North East Institute of Science and TechnologyJorhatAssam785006India Academy of Scientific&Innovative Research(AcSIR) Ghaziabad201002India Department of Geological Sciences Gauhati UniversityGuwahatiAssam781014India Geochemistry Division CSIR-National Geophysical Research InstituteUppal RoadHyderabad500007India

Opencast coal mining produces trash of soil and rock.containing various minerals,that are usually dumped nearby the abandoned sites which causes severe environmental concern including the production of acid mine drainage(AMD)through oxidation pyrite *** current study entailed assessing the potential production of AMD from an opencast coal mining region in Northeast part of *** order to have a comprehensive overview of the AMD problem in Mak.m coalfield,the physico-chemical,geochemical,and petrological characteristics of the coal and overburden(OB)samples collected from the Mak.m coalfield(Northeast India)were thoroughly *** maceral compositions reveal that coal features all three groups of macerals(liptinite,vitrinite,and inertinite),with a high concentration of liptinite indicating the coal of perhydrous,thereby rendering it more ***(FeS_(2))oxidation k.netics were studied by conducting the aqueous leaching experiments of coal and(OB)samples to interpret the chemical weathering under controlled laboratory conditions of various temperature and time periods,and to replicate the actual mine site *** coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy(ICP-OES)was operated to detect the disposal of some precarious elements from coal and OB samples to the leachates during our controlled leaching *** Rare earth element(REE)enrichment in the samples shows the anthropogenic incorporation of the REE in the coal and *** experiments reveal the change in conductivity,acid producing tendency,total dissolved solid(TDS),total Iron(Fe)and dissolved Sulfate(SO_(4)^(2−))ions on progress of the leaching ***,the discharge of FeS_(2) via atmospheric oxidation in laboratory condition undergoes a significant growth with the rise of temperature of the reaction systems in the environment and follows pseudo first order k.netics.A bio-remediative strategies is also reported in this paper to mitigate AMD water by

关键词： Opencast mining Pyrite oxidation Coal geochemistry Coal petrology Rare earth elements AMD remediation

Prediction of rock.fragmentation in a fiery seam of an open-pit coal mine in India

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Journal of Rock.Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第8期16卷 2879-2893页

作者： Muk.l Sharma Bhanwar singh Choudhary Autar k.Raina Manoj k.andelwal Saurav Ruk.iyar Department of Mining Engineering Indian Institute of Technology(ISM)Dhanbad826004India CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research Nagpur Research Center(Mining Technology)Nagpur440006India Institute of Innovation Science and SustainabilityFederation University AustraliaBallaratVIC3350Australia

Spontaneous combustion of coal increases the temperature in adjoining overburden strata of coal seams and poses a challenge when loading *** condition,k.own as hot-hole blasting,is dangerous due to the increased possibility of premature explosions in loaded ***,it is crucial to load the blastholes with an appropriate amount of explosives within a short period to avoid premature detonation caused by high temperatures of ***,it will help achieve the desired fragment *** study tried to ascertain the most influencial variables of mean fragment size and their optimum values adopted for blasting in a fiery *** on blast design,rock.mass,and fragmentation of 100 blasts in fiery seams of a coal mine were collected and used to develop mean fragmentation prediction models using soft computational *** coefficient of determination(R^(2)),root mean square error(RMSE),mean absolute error(MAE),mean square error(MSE),variance account for(VAF)and coefficient of efficiency in percentage(CE)were calculated to validate the *** indicates that the random forest algorithm(RFA)outperforms the artificial neural network.ANN),response surface method(RSM),and decision tree(DT).The values of R^(2),RMSE,MAE,MSE,VAF,and CE for RFA are 0.94,0.034,0.027,0.001,93.58,and 93.01,*** parametric sensitivity analyses(MPSAs)of the input variables showed that the Schmidt hammer rebound number and spacing-to-burden ratio are the most influencial variables for the blast fragment *** analysis was finally used to define the best blast design variables to achieve optimum fragment size from *** optimum factor values for RFA of S/B,ld/B and ls/ld are 1.03,1.85 and 0.7,respectively.

关键词： Fiery seam Rock.fragmentation Response Surface Method(RSM) Artificial Neural Network.ANN) Random Forest Algorithm(RFA) Multiple Parametric Sensitivity Analysis (MPSA)

Unleashing the Power of Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Algorithmic Trading in the Digital Financial Frontier and Enterprise Information Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 3123-3138页

作者： Sak.t Sarin Sunil k.singh Sudhak.r k.mar Shivam Goyal Brij Bhooshan Gupta Wadee Alhalabi Varsha Arya Chandigarh College of Engineering and Technology Chandigarh160019India Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Asia UniversityTaichung413Taiwan Symbiosis Centre for Information Technology(SCIT) Symbiosis International UniversityPune411057India Center for Interdisciplinary Research University of Petroleum and Energy Studies(UPES)Dehradun248007India Department of Computer Science Immersive Virtual Reality Research GroupKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Business Administration Asia UniversityTaichung413Taiwan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lebanese American UniversityBeirut11022801Lebanon UCRD Chandigarh UniversityChandigarh140413India

In the rapidly evolving landscape of today’s digital economy,Financial Technology(Fintech)emerges as a trans-formative force,propelled by the dynamic synergy between Artificial Intelligence(AI)and Algorithmic *** in-depth investigation delves into the intricacies of merging Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning(MARL)and Explainable AI(XAI)within Fintech,aiming to refine Algorithmic Trading *** meticulous examination,we uncover the nuanced interactions of AI-driven agents as they collaborate and compete within the financial realm,employing sophisticated deep learning techniques to enhance the clarity and adaptability of trading *** AI-infused Fintech platforms harness collective intelligence to unearth trends,mitigate risk.,and provide tailored financial guidance,fostering benefits for individuals and enterprises navigating the digital *** research holds the potential to revolutionize finance,opening doors to fresh avenues for investment and asset management in the digital ***,our statistical evaluation yields encouraging results,with metrics such as Accuracy=0.85,Precision=0.88,and F1 Score=0.86,reaffirming the efficacy of our approach within Fintech and emphasizing its reliability and innovative prowess.

关键词： Neurodynamic Fintech multi-agent reinforcement learning algorithmic trading digital financial frontier