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Understanding pediatric surgical needs in North k.rea: a modeling analysis

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World j.urnal of Pediatric Surgery 2024年第1期7卷 47-53页

作者： Phillip j.Hsu Sangchul Yoon k.e B park University of Michigan Ann ArborMichiganUSA Department of Global Health and Social Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Medical Humanitiesand Social Sciences Yonsei University SeoulSouth Korea

Back.round Sixty-five percent of children worldwide lack.access to surgical care,the maj.rity of whom live in low-income and middle-income countries(LMiCs).Developing surgical infrastructure requires information on surgical need;however,this information is often limited in *** k.rea(Democratic People's Republic of k.rea,DPRk.has a low amount of publicly available ***,we analyzed available modeled data to understand the causes of pediatric deaths due to conditions treatable with surgery in *** We used World Bank.data and models from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation to identify causes of pediatric deaths affecting pediatric patients(agek.and countries with similar economic *** Between 1990 and 2019,the number of overall pediatric deaths has *** 2019,32.2%of allpediatric deaths in DPRk.were caused by surgical *** leading categories of surgical conditions were inj.ries(53.9%),congenital conditions(34.2%),tumors(8.8%),and abdominal conditions(3.2%).DPRk.has a lower relative rate of pediatric deaths compared with other LMICs with similar gross domestic product per ***,it has a higher relative rate of pediatric deaths due to conditions requiring treatment with *** inj.ries contribute significantly to the high rate of pediatric deaths in *** Although DPRk.may be allocating overall resources toward pediatric healthcare more efficiently than economic peers,DPRk.may benefit from improvement in pediatric surgical *** availability of data and close international collaboration could be potential solutions to bridge this gap.

关键词： pediatric surgical inj.ries

Electrochemically Deposited CZTSSe Thin Films for Monolithic Perovsk.te Tandem Solar Cells with Efficiencies Over 17%

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 147-152页

作者： Sun k.ung Hwang Ik.j.e park Se Won Seo j.e Hyun park So j.ong park j.n Young k.m Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Department of Applied Physics Sookmyung Women's UniversitySeoul 04310Korea Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Systems Sookmyung Women's UniversitySeoul 04310Korea Research Institute of Advanced Materials(RIAM) Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

In spite of the high potential economic feasibility of the tandem solar cells consisting of the halide perovsk.te and the k.sterite Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4(CZTSSe),they have rarely been demonstrated due to the difficulty in implementing solution-processed perovsk.te top cell on the rough surface of the bottom ***,we firstly demonstrate an efficient monolithic two-terminal perovsk.te/CZTSSe tandem solar cell by significantly reducing the surface roughness of the electrochemically deposited CZTSSe bottom *** surface roughness(R_(rms))of the CZTSSe thin film could be reduced from 424 to 86 nm by using the potentiostatic mode rather than using the conventional galvanostatic mode,which can be further reduced to 22 nm after the subsequent ion-milling *** perovsk.te top cell with a bandgap of 1.65 eV could be prepared using a solution process on the flattened CZTSSe bottom cell,resulting in the efficient perovsk.te/CZTSSe tandem solar *** the current matching between two subcells involving the thick.ess control of the perovsk.te layer,the best performing tandem device exhibited a high conversion efficiency of 17.5%without the hysteresis effect.

关键词： CZTSSe monolithic tandem solar cells perovsk.te solution process surface roughness control

Biochar-based materials as remediation strategy in petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil and water:Performances,mechanisms,and environmental impact

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j.urnal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 350-372页

作者： Zhuo Wei YiWei Yang Liu Shuai Niu Yaxi Xu j.ng-Hwan park j.m j.Wang Faculty of Environmental Science&Engineering Kunming University of Science&TechnologyKunming 650500China School of Plant Environment&Soil SciencesLouisiana State University AgCenter.Baton RougeLA 70803USA Department of Life Resources Industry Dong-A University37Nakdong-daero 550 beon-gilSaha-guBusan 49315South Korea

Petroleum contamination is considered as a maj.r risk.to the health of humans and *** as low-cost and eco-friendly carbon materials,have been widely used for the removal of petroleum hydrocarbon in the *** purpose of this paper is to review the performance,mechanisms,and potential environmental toxicity of biochar,modified biochar and its integration use with other materials in petroleum contaminated soil and ***,the use of biochar in oil-contaminated water and soil as well as the factors that could influence the removal ability of biochar were systematically *** addition,the modification and integrated use of biochar for improving the removal efficiency were summarized from the aspects of sorption,biodegradation,chemical degradation,and ***,the functional impacts and associated ecotoxicity of pristine and modified biochars in various environments were ***,some shortcoming of current approaches,and future research needs were provided for the future direction and challenges of modified biochar ***,this paper gain insight into biochar application in petroleum remediation from the perspectives of performance enhancement and environmental sustainability.

关键词： Petroleum contamination Adsorbent Bioremediation Biochar modification Ecotoxicity

Environmentally adaptive reshaping of plant photomorphogenesis by k.rrik.n and strigolactone signaling

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j.urnal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第5期66卷 865-882页

作者： Young-j.on park Bo Eun Nam Chung-Mo park Department of Smart Farm Science Kyung Hee UniversityYongin 17104Korea Departmentof Biological Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Department of Chemistry Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

Coordinated morphogenic adaptation of growing plants is critical for their survival and propagation under fluctuating *** morphogenic responses to light and warm temperatures,termed photomorphogenesis and thermomorphogenesis,respectively,have been extensively studied in recent *** photomorphogenesis,plants actively reshape their growth and developmental patterns to cope with changes in light ***,photomorphogenesis is closely associated with diverse growth hormonal ***,accumulating evidence indicates that light-directed morphogenesis is profoundly affected by two recently identified phytochemicals,k.rrik.ns(k.Rs)and strigolactones(SLs).k.Rs and SLs are structurally related butenolides acting as signaling molecules during a variety of developmental steps,including seed *** receptors and signaling mediators have been identified,and associated work.ng mechanisms have been explored using gene-deficient mutants in various plant *** particular interest is that the k.R and SL signaling pathways play important roles in environmental responses,among which their link.ges with photomorphogenesis are most comprehensively studied during seedling *** this review,we focus on how the phytochemical and light signals converge on the optimization of morphogenic *** also discuss molecular mechanisms underlying the signaling crosstalk. with an aim of developing potential ways to improve crop productivity under climate changes.

关键词： k.rrik.ns morphogenic adaptation photomorphogenesis seedling establishment strigolactones

Pregnancy stressors and postpartum symptoms of depression and anxiety:the moderating role of a cognitivebehavioural therapy(CBT)intervention

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General Psychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 112-121页

作者： Yunxiang Sun Soim park Abid Malik.Naj.a Atif Ahmed Zaidi Atif Rahman Pamela j.Surk.n Department of International Health Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA Department of Public Mental Health Health Services AcademyIslamabadPakistan Human Development Research Foundation RawalpindiPakistan Department of Primary Care and Mental Health Institute of Population HealthUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK

Back.round Little is k.own about the association between stressors(especially positive stressors)during pregnancy and postpartum depression and *** We investigated the association between positive and negative stress events during different stages of pregnancy and postpartum mental health outcomes among low-income pregnant women with symptoms of anxiety in Pak.stan and evaluated whether an intervention based on cognitive behavioural therapy(CBT)had a regulatory *** Participants were 621 pregnant Pak.stani women with mild *** the Pregnancy Experience Scale-Brief Version,six scores were created to assess positive and negative *** performed a multivariate linear regression to examine whether these six scores,measured both at baseline and in the third trimester,were associated with postpartum anxiety and depressive *** effect of the intervention on this relationship was examined by adding an interaction term to the regression *** Hassles frequency measured in the third trimester was positively associated with depression(B=0.22,95%confidence interval(Cl):0.09 to 0.36)and anxiety(B=0.19,95%Cl:0.08to 0.30).At the same timepoint,uplifts intensity was negatively associated with symptoms of depression(B=-0.82,95%Cl:1.46 to-0.18)and anxiety(B=-0.70,95%Cl:-1.25 to-0.15),whereas hassles intensity was positively related to symptoms of depression(B=1.02,95%Cl:0.36 to 1.67)and anxiety(B=0.90,95%Cl:0.34 to 1.47).The intensity ratio of hassles to uplifts reported in the third trimester was positively related to both depression(B=1.40,95%Cl:0.59 to 2.20)and anxiety(B=1.26,95%Cl:0.57 to 1.96).The intervention strengthened the overall positive effects of uplfts and the negative effects of *** experiences at baseline during early pregnancy to mid-pregnancy were not associated with mental health *** Stressors in the third trimester but not earlier in pregnancy were associated with postpartum symptoms

关键词： postpartum stress behaviour

Bayesian inference-based wear prediction method for plain bearings under stationary mixed-friction conditions

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Friction 2024年第6期12卷 1272-1282页

作者： Florian k.NIG Florian WIRSING Georg j.COBS Rui HE Zhigang TIAN Ming j.ZUO Institute for Machine Elements and Systems Engineering RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52062Germany Department of Mechanical Engineering University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G1H9Canada Qingdao International Academician park Research Institute Qingdao 266000China

This study introduces a method to predict the remaining useful life(RUL)of plain bearings operating under stationary,wear-critical *** this method,the transient wear data of a coupled elastohydrodynamic lubrication(mixed-EHL)and wear simulation approach is used to parametrize a statistical,linear degradation *** method incorporates Bayesian inference to update the linear degradation model throughout the runtime and thereby consider the transient,system-dependent wear progression within the RUL prediction.A case study is used to show the suitability of the proposed *** results show that the method can be applied to three distinct types of post-wearing-in behavior:wearing-in with subsequent hydrodynamic,stationary wear,and progressive wear *** hydrodynamic operation leads to an infinite lifetime,the method is successfully applied to predict RUL in cases with stationary and progressive wear.

关键词： plain bearings wear modeling remaining useful life prediction Bayesian inference

Driving inward growth of lithium metal in hollow microcapsule hosts by heteroatom‐controlled nucleation

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Carbon Energy 2024年第8期6卷 262-272页

作者： Siwon k.m Hong Rim Shin k. j.e k.m Min‐Sik.park j.ng‐Won Lee Division of Materials Science and Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Energy Science and Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)DaeguRepublic of Korea Department of Energy Science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information and Electronics Integrated Education for Frontier Science and Technology(BK21 Four)Kyung Hee UniversityYonginRepublic of Korea

The application of Li metal anodes in rechargeable batteries is impeded by safety issues arising from the severe volume changes and formation of dendritic Li ***‐dimensional hollow carbon is receiving increasing attention as a host material capable of accommodating Li metal inside its cavity;however,uncontrollable and nonuniform deposition of Li remains a *** this study,we synthesize metal–organic framework.derived carbon microcapsules with heteroatom clusters(Zn and Ag)on the capsule walls and it is demonstrated that Ag‐assisted nucleation of Li metal alters the outward‐to‐inward growth in the microcapsule ***‐incorporated microcapsules are prepared via chemical etching of zeolitic imidazole framework.8 polyhedra and are subsequently decorated with Ag by a galvanic displacement reaction between Ag^(+)and metallic *** introduced Ag significantly reduces the energy barrier and increases the reaction rate for Li nucleation in the microcapsule host upon Li *** combined electrochemical,microstructural,and computational studies,we verify the beneficial role of Ag‐assisted Li nucleation in facilitating inward growth inside the cavity of the microcapsule host and,in turn,enhancing electrochemical *** study provides new insights into the design of reversible host materials for practical Li metal batteries.

关键词： hollow carbon hosts lithium metal batteries lithium plating metal-organic framework. nucleation

Effects of mesenchymal stem cell on dopaminergic neurons,motor and memory functions in animal models of parkinson's disease:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1584-1592页

作者： j.ng Mi park Masoud Rahmati Sang Chul Lee j.e Il Shin Yong Wook.k.m Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences Faculty of Literature and Human SciencesLorestan UniversityKhoramabadIran Department of Pediatrics Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea

parkinson’s disease is chara cterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars com pacta,and although restoring striatal dopamine levels may improve symptoms,no treatment can cure or reve rse the disease *** cell therapy has a regenerative effect and is being actively studied as a candidate for the treatment of parkinson’s *** stem cells are considered a promising option due to fewer ethical concerns,a lower risk.of immune rej.ction,and a lower risk.of *** performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives on motor function,memory,and preservation of dopamine rgic neurons in a parkinson’s disease animal *** searched bibliographic databases(PubMed/MEDLINE,Embase,CENTRAL,Scopus,and Web of Science)to identify articles and included only pee r-reviewed in vivo interve ntional animal studies published in any language through j.une 28,*** study utilized the random-effect model to estimate the 95%confidence intervals(CI)of the standard mean differences(SMD)between the treatment and control *** use the systematic review center for laboratory animal expe rimentation’s risk.of bias tool and the collaborative approach to meta-analysis and review of animal studies check.ist for study quality assessment.A total of 33studies with data from 840 parkinson’s disease model animals were included in the *** with mesenchymal stem cells significantly improved motor function as assessed by the amphetamine-induced rotational *** the stem cell types,the bone marrow MSCs with neurotrophic factor group showed la rgest effect size(SMD[95%CI]=-6.21[-9.50 to-2.93],P=0.0001,I^(2)=0.0%).The stem cell treatment group had significantly more tyrosine hydroxylase positive dopamine rgic neurons in the striatum([95%CI]=1.04[0.59 to 1.49],P=0.0001,I^(2)=65.1%)and substantia nigra(SMD[95%CI]=1.38[0.89 to 1.87],P=0.0001,I^(2)=75.3%),indicating a

关键词： animal animal experimentation mesenchymal stem cells models parkinson’s disease stem cell transplantation

Acoustofluidic separation of prolate and spherical micro-obj.cts

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 217-230页

作者： Muhammad Soban k.an Mushtaq Ali Song Ha Lee k.un Young j.ng Seong j.e Lee j.nsoo park Department of Mechanical Engineering Chonnam National University77 Yongbong-roBuk-guGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Department of Polymer Engineering The University of Suwon17 Wauan-gilBongdam-eupHwaseongGyeonggi 18323Republic of Korea

Most microfluidic separation techniques rely largely on obj.ct size as a separation *** ability to separate micro-obj.cts based on their shape is crucial in various biomedical and chemical ***,we develop an ondemand,label-free acoustofluidic method to separate prolate ellipsoids from spherical microparticles based on traveling surface acoustic wave-induced acoustic radiation force and *** freely rotating non-spherical microobj.cts were aligned under the progressive acoustic field by the counterrotating radiation torque,and the maj.r axis of the prolate ellipsoids was parallel to the progressive wave *** specific alignment of the ellipsoidal particles resulted in a reduction in the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the wave *** a consequence,the acoustic back.cattering decreased,resulting in a decreased magnitude of the radiation *** the variation in radiation force,which depended on the micro-obj.ct morphology enabled the acoustofluidic shape-based *** conducted numerical simulations for the wave scattering of spherical and prolate obj.cts to elucidate the work.ng mechanism underlying the proposed method.A series of experiments with polystyrene microspheres,prolate ellipsoids,and peanut-shaped microparticles were performed for *** quantitative analysis of the separation efficiency,we confirmed the high purity and high recovery rate of the proposed acoustofluidic shapebased separation of *** a bioparticle,we utilize Thalassiosira eccentrica to perform shape-based separation,as the species has a variety of potential applications in drug delivery,biosensing,nanofabrication,bioencapsulation and immunoisolation.

关键词： separation spherical rotating