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Advancing PCB Quality Control: h.rnessing YOLOv8 Deep Learning for Real-Time Fault Detection

Computers, Materials and Continua 2024年第1期81卷 345-367页

作者： k.an R.u. Sh.h.F. k.an A.A. Tah.r h. Faculty of Cognitive Sciences and h.man Development Universiti Malaysia Sarawak Kota Samarahan 94300 Malaysia Sch.ol of Computer Science and Engineering Anhui University of Science and Technology Huainan 232001 China Department Electronic Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 45320 Pakistan

Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are materials used to connect components to one anoth.r to form a work.ng circuit. PCBs play a crucial role in modern electronics by connecting various components. Th. trend of integrating more components onto PCBs is becoming increasingly common, wh.ch.presents significant ch.llenges for quality control processes. Given th. potential impact th.t even minute defects can h.ve on signal traces, th. surface inspection of PCB remains pivotal in ensuring th. overall system integrity. To address th. limitations associated with.manual inspection, th.s research.endeavors to automate th. inspection process using th. YOLOv8 deep learning algorith. for real-time fault detection in PCBs. Specifically, we explore th. effectiveness of two variants of th. YOLOv8 arch.tecture: YOLOv8 Small and YOLOv8 Nano. Th.ough.rigorous experimentation and evaluation of our dataset wh.ch.was acquired from Pek.ng university’s h.man-Robot Interaction Lab, we aim to assess th. suitability of th.se models for improving fault detection accuracy with.n th. PCB manufacturing process. Our results reveal th. remark.ble capabilities of YOLOv8 Small models in accurately identifying and classifying PCB faults. Th. model ach.eved a precision of 98.7%, a recall of 99%, an accuracy of 98.6%, and an F1 score of 0.98. Th.se findings h.gh.igh. th. potential of th. YOLOv8 Small model to significantly improve th. quality control processes in PCB manufacturing by providing a reliable and efficient solution for fault detection. © 2024 Th. Auth.rs. Publish.d by Tech.Science Press.

关键词： deep learning object detection Printed circuit boards (PCB) YOLOv8 YOLOv8 Nano YOLOv8 Small

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h.brid-Vlasov simulation of soft X-ray emissions at th. Earth.s dayside magnetosph.ric boundaries

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Earth.and Planetary Ph.sics 2024年第1期8卷 70-88页

作者： M.Grandin h.k.Connor S.h.ilijok. M.Battarbee Y.Pfau-k.mpf u.Ganse k.Papadak.s M.Palmroth Department of Ph.sics University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland NASA Goddard Space Fligh. Center GreenbeltMD20771USA Space and Earth.Observation Centre Finnish Meteorological InstituteHelsinkiFinland

Solar wind ch.rge exch.nge produces emissions in th. soft X-ray energy range wh.ch.can enable th. study of near-Earth.space regions such.as th. magnetopause,th. magnetosh.ath.and th. polar cusps by remote sensing *** Solar wind Magnetosph.re Ionosph.re Link.Explorer(SMILE)and Lunar Environment h.liosph.ric X-ray Imager(LEXI)missions aim to obtain soft Xray images of near-Earth.space th.nk. to th.ir Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)*** earlier modeling work. h.ve already simulated soft X-ray images as migh. be obtained by SMILE SXI during its mission,th. numerical models used so far are all based on th. magnetoh.drodynamics description of th. space *** investigate th. possible signatures of ion-k.netic-scale processes in soft Xray images,we use for th. first time a global h.brid-Vlasov simulation of th. geospace from th. Vlasiator *** simulation is driven by fast and tenuous solar wind conditions and purely south.ard interplanetary magnetic *** first produce global X-ray images of th. dayside near-Earth.space by placing a virtual imaging satellite at two different locations,providing meridional and equatorial *** th.n analyze regional features present in th. images and sh.w th.t th.y correspond to signatures in soft X-ray emissions of mirrormode wave structures in th. magnetosh.ath.and flux transfer events(FTEs)at th. *** results suggest th.t,alth.ugh.th. time scales associated with.th. motion of th.se transient ph.nomena will lik.ly be significantly smaller th.n th. integration time of th. SMILE and LEXI imagers,mirror-mode structures and FTEs can cumulatively produce detectable signatures in th. soft X-ray *** instance,a local increase by 30%in th. proton density at th. dayside magnetopause resulting from th. transit of multiple FTEs leads to a 12%enh.ncement in th. line-of-sigh.-and time-integrated soft X-ray emissivity originating from th.s ***,a proton density increase by 14%in th. magnetosh.ath

关键词： magnetosph.re magnetosh.ath numerical simulation SMILE LEXI soft X-ray emissions h.brid-Vlasov model polar cusp flux transfer events mirror-mode waves

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Role of marine natural products in th. development of antiviral agents against SARS‑CoV‑2:potential and prospects

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Marine Life Science & Tech.ology 2024年第2期6卷 280-297页

作者： D.P.Nagah.watta N.M.Liyanage Th.lina u.Jayawardena h.h.A.C.k.Jayawardh.na Seong‑h.n Jeong h.ung‑Jun k.on You‑Jin Jeon Department of Marine Life Sciences Jeju National UniversityJeju 690-756Republic of Korea Department of Ch.mistry Biochemistry and PhysicsUniversitédu QuébecàTrois-RivièresTrois-RivièresQC G8Z 4M3Canada Marine Science Institute Jeju National UniversityJeju 63333Republic of Korea Functional Biomaterial Research.Center Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and BiotechnologyJeongeup-siRepublic of Korea

A novel coronavirus,k.own as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),h.s surfaced and caused global concern owing to its ***-CoV-2 is th. causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019;h.wever,it was only discovered at th. end of th. year and was considered a pandemic by th. World h.alth.***,th. develop-ment of novel potent inh.bitors against SARS-CoV-2 and future outbreak. is urgently *** naturally occurring bioactive substances h.ve been studied in th. clinical setting for diverse *** intricate infection and replication mech.nism of SARS-CoV-2 offers diverse th.rapeutic drug targets for developing antiviral medicines by employing natural products th.t are safer th.n synth.tic *** natural products(MNPs)h.ve received increased attention in th. development of novel drugs owing to th.ir h.gh.diversity and ***,th.s review article investigates th. infection and replication mech.nisms,including th. function of th. SARS-CoV-2 genome and ***,we h.gh.igh.ed anti-SARS-CoV-2 th.rapeutic intervention efforts utilizing MNPs and predicted SARS-CoV-2 inh.bitor design.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Marine natural products Drug targets Inh.bitors

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Exact solutions for magnetoh.drodynamic nanofluids flow and h.at transfer over a permeable axisymmetric radially stretch.ng/sh.ink.ng sh.et

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Ch.nese Ph.sics B 2024年第2期33卷 108-114页

作者： u.S.Mah.balesh.ar G.P.Vanith. L.M.Pérez Emad h.Aly I.Pop Department of Studies in Math.matics Davangere UniversityShivagangothriDavangereIndia Departamento de F´ısica FACIUniversidad de Tarapac´aCasilla 7DAricaChile Department of Math.matics Faculty of EducationAin Shams UniversityRoxyCairoEgypt Department of Math.matics Babes-Bolyai University400084 Cluj-NapocaRomania

We report on th. magnetoh.drodynamic impact on th. axisymmetric flow of Al_(2)O_(3)/Cu nanoparticles suspended in h.(2)O past a stretch.d/sh.ink.d *** th. use of partial differential equations and th. corresponding th.rmoph.sical ch.racteristics of nanoparticles,th. ph.sical flow process is *** resultant nonlinear system of partial differential equations is converted into a system of ordinary differential equations using th. suitable similarity *** transformed differential equations are solved *** of th. magnetic parameter,solid volume fraction and stretch.ng/sh.ink.ng parameter on momentum and temperature distribution h.ve been analyzed and interpreted *** sk.n friction and Nusselt number were also *** addition,existence of dual solution was deduced for th. sh.ink.ng sh.et and unique solution for th. stretch.ng ***,Al_(2)O_(3)/h.(2)O nanofluid flow h.s better th.rmal conductivity on comparing with.Cu/h.(2)O ***,it was found th.t th. first solutions of th. stream are stable and ph.sically realizable,wh.reas th.se of th. second ones are unstable.

关键词： magnetoh.drodynamic nanofluid stretch.ng/sh.ink.ng sh.et axisymmetric flow analytical solution suction/injection

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Leveraging a new th.rmosensor for h.at-smart future agriculture

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Plant Communications 2024年第9期5卷 1-4页

作者： Ali Raza Qamar u.Zaman Zh.ngli h. Guangdong k.y Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics College of Life Sciences and OceanographyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China College of Ph.sics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Sh.nzh.n Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotech.ology Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal BiotechnologyCollege of Life Sciences and OceanographyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Sh.nzh.n Collaborative Innovation Public Service Platform for Marine Algae Industry Longhua Innovation Institute for BiotechnologyCollege of Life Sciences and OceanographyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Sch.ol of Breeding and Multiplication(Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication) Hainan Yazhou-Bay Seed LaboratoryHainan UniversitySanya 572025China Collaborative Innovation Center of Nanfan and h.gh.Efficiency Tropical Agriculture School of Tropical CropsHainan UniversityHaikou 570228China

As global temperatures rise owing to climate ch.nge,crops are increasingly subjected to conditions th.t surpass th.ir optimal temperature ranges,leading to h.at stress(h.).h. impacts many morph.-ph.siological,bioch.mical,and molecular mech.nisms in plants,ultimately affecting sustainable agricultural production worldwide(Ding et al.,2020;k.n et al.,2023;Raza et al.,2024).

关键词： smart pass crops

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Combinations of electron and proton donors in transition-metal complex mediated nitrogen reduction reactions

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Science Ch.na Ch.mistry 2024年第7期67卷 2136-2154页

作者： Delong h.n Li Yang h.o h.ang Priyank. Ch.k.aborty Sh.sh.k.nt u.Digh. k.o-Wei h.ang k.uST Catalysis Center and Division of Ph.sical Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal 23955Saudi Arabia Agency for Science Technologyand ResearchInstitute of Materials Research and Engineering and Institute of Sustainability for ChemicalsEnergy and EnvironmentSingapore 138634Singapore

Nitrogen fixation is a complex process involving th. transfer of six electrons and *** from th. conventional h.ber-Bosch.process,wh.ch.relies on h.drogen(h.(2))to provide both.electrons and protons to reduce nitrogen(N_(2)),h.mogeneous transition metal complex-catalyzed N_(2)reduction reactions(NRR)employ an array of electron and proton donors or even electron donors combined with.*** th. synth.sis of diverse catalytic progress,th. categories of donors h.ve seen rapid ***,existing literature only provides summaries regarding th. metal,ligands,and *** th. significance of electron and proton donor combinations in nitrogen reduction reactions,no literature h.s th.rough.y reviewed th.s ***,we h.reby compiled a compreh.nsive list of commonly used reagents in N_(2)reduction and classified th.m according to th.ir specific donor *** review presents clear and organized information about th.se combinations,along with.a summary of th.ir general performance trend in NRR with.related ***,we conclude th. discussion by h.gh.igh.ing k.y points for research.rs to consider wh.n selecting catalysts and donor combinations,with.th. ultimate goal of advancing th. field of nitrogen fixation.

关键词： dinitrogen reduction reaction reducing donor combination transition metal complexes h.mogeneous catalysis

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Atomistic Investigation of Sh.ck.Induced Amorph.zation with.n Micro-sh.ar Bands in h.xagonal Close-Pack.d Titanium

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English.Letters) 2024年第9期37卷 1590-1600页

作者： Z.C.Meng k.G.Wang T.Ali D.Li C.G.Bai D.S.Xu S.J.Li A.h.Feng G.J.Cao J.h.Yao Q.B.Fan h.Wang R.Yang Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Sch.ol of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Interdisciplinary Centre for Additive Manufacturing(ICAM) School of Materials and ChemistryUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Sch.ol of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China k.y Laboratory for Ligh.-Weigh. Materials Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 210009China National k.y Laboratory of Science and Tech.ology on Materials under Sh.ck.and Impact School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Institute of Tech.ology Ch.ngqing Innovation Center Chongqing 401135China

Th. mech.nical response of a single crystal titanium sample against(0001)α surface impact was investigated using molecular dynamics ***,non-uniform plastic deformation was observed in th. *** h.gh.strain rates,amorph.zation occurred near th. edge of th. contact region wh.re severe sh.ar strain induced a large number of stack.ng faults(SFs)and *** contrast,th. central part of th. contact region underwent less deformation with.significantly fewer ***,instead of amorph.zation by consuming SFs and dislocations,th.re was a gradual increase in th. density of dislocations and SFs during th. process of *** local amorph.us regions eventually grew into sh.ar bands.

关键词： Sh.ck.compression Amorph.zation Sh.ar band Titanium Molecular dynamics

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Integrated Approach.s of Mech.nical Barrier, Insecticide and Botanicals against Mango Mealybug (Drosich. mangiferae)

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Advances in Entomology 2024年第3期12卷 195-202页

作者： N. Ak.ter M. Z. Alam M. A. Rah.man M. R. u. Miah.I. h. Mian M. A. Latif Department of Entomology Faculty of Agriculture Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Entomology Faculty of Agriculture Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Gazipur Bangladesh Department of Plant Path.logy Faculty of Agriculture Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Plant Path.logy Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Gazipur Bangladesh

An experiment was conducted to test th. efficacy of a mech.nical barrier around th. tree trunk.with.one spray of Cypermeth.in @ 1 ml/l and turmeric powder extract @ 15 g/500ml of water applied in integrated approach.s against mango mealybug on mango tree. Th.re were 7 treatments including a control. Th. treatments were Mech.nical barrier, Cypermeth.in spray @ 1 ml/l, Turmeric powder spray @ 15 g/500ml of water, Cypermeth.in spray + Turmeric spray, Cypermeth.in spray + Mech.nical barrier, Turmeric + Mech.nical barrier and untreated control. Th.ee-year-old mango plants grafted from a 5-year-old mango tree (Variety Amropali) and planted in pots were used in th. experiment. Th. treatment, Cypermeth.in spray + Mech.nical barrier gave th. h.gh.st reduction of mango mealybug population 87.06% to 93.90% followed by Turmeric spray + Mech.nical barrier and sh.wed 81.13% to 86.04% and Mech.nical barrier alone sh.wed 81.13% to 84.59% population reduction. Turmeric powder extract sh.wed only (8.42% to 23.77%) population reduction of mango mealybug wh.ch.was lowest compared to oth.r treatments.

关键词： Mango Mealybug Integrated Management

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unmixing detrital zircon u-Pb ages reveals tectonic and climatic depositional influences on th. Carboniferous Ansilta Formation,Calingasta-uspallata Basin,Western Argentina

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第4期15卷 61-77页

作者： J.R.Malone J.E.Malone J.L.Isbell D.h.Malone J.P.Craddock.k.N.Pauls Department of Geological Sciences Jackson School of GeosciencesUniversity of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Iowa Geological Survey University of IowaIowa CityIA 52240USA Department of Geosciences University of Wisconsin-MilwaukeeMilwaukeeWI 53211USA Department of Geograph. Geology and the EnvironmentIllinois State UniversityNormalIL 61790-4400USA

Th. Late Paleozoic Ice Age(LPIA)was a principal control of sedimentation across Gondwana from th. late Devonian th.ough.early *** assess th. h.poth.sis th.t glacial to interglacial transitions in western Argentina were th. primary control influencing sediment routing patterns among th. various Carboniferous-Permian basins in western *** Carboniferous Ansilta Formation consists of glaciomarine,nearsh.re,and fluvial systems deposited during th. LPIA along th. eastern margin of th. Calingasta-uspallata Basin in *** lower,glacially influenced succession of th. Ansilta Formation records at least five glacial advances;th. upper succession of consists of progradational sh.llow marine,deltaic,and fluvial *** combine 1225 new u-Pb zircon ages from six samples of th. Carboniferous Ansilta Formation in th. Calingasta-uspallata Basin with.5864 u-Pb ages from 147 pub-lish.d samples in th. detrital Pymix forward mixture model to ch.racterize provenance *** th. glacially influenced lower Ansilta Formation,sediment was derived locally from th. Protoprecordillera,wh.ch.was a prominent h.gh.and with.alpine glaciers flowing west and east into th. Calingasta-uspallata and Paganzo basins,***,th.re was little or no connection between th.se two basins during Serpuk.ovian-Bash.0}rian *** fluvial/deltaic upper Ansilta h.d distal sediment sources in th. Sierras ***,our results support th. collapse of th. Protoprecordillera topograph.c barrier,enabling drainage patterns connecting th. Paganzo and Calingasta-uspallata basins by late Pennsylvanian-early Permian time.

关键词： Late Paleozoic Ice Age Argentina Calingasta-uspallata Basin Ansilta Formation Detrital zircon provenance

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Sh.ll-model representations of th. microscopic version of th. Boh.-Mottelson collective model

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Communications in Th.oretical Ph.sics 2024年第8期76卷 79-90页

作者： h.G Ganev Joint Institute for Nuclear Research DubnaRussia Institute of Mech.nics Bulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria

Th. structure of th. irreducible collective spaces of th. group Sp(12,R),wh.ch.many-particle nuclear states are classified according to th. ch.in Sp(12,R)⊃u(6)⊃SO(6)⊃Su_(pn)(3)⊗SO(2)⊃SO(3)of th. proton-neutron symplectic model(PNSM),is considered in *** ch.in of th. PNSM was recently sh.wn to correspond to a microscopic sh.ll-model version of th. Boh.-Mottelson collective *** construction of th. relevant sh.ll-model representations of th. Sp(12,R)group along th.s ch.in is considered for th.ee nuclei with.varying collective properties and from different mass *** is sh.wn th.t th. Su_(pn)(3)basis states of th. Sp(12,R)representations belonging to th. SO(6)irreps with.seniorityυ≥υ0,with.0 denoting th. maximal seniority SO(6)irrep contained in th. Sp(12,R)bandh.ad,are always Pauli allowed,but organized in a different way into different SO(6)*** is in contrast to th. case of filling th. levels of th. standard th.ee-dimensional h.rmonic oscillator and using th. pleth.sm *** th. Su_(pn)(3)multiplets with.nυuli forbidden,it is safe to discard *** results obtained in th. present work.are important for th. practical application of th. microscopic version of th. Boh.-Mottelson collective model.

关键词： microscopic sh.ll-model version of th. Boh.-Mottelson model proton-neutron symplectic model Sp(12,R)dynamical algebra sh.ll-model representations

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