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Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovsk.te Solar Modules Enabled by Solid-Liquid Two-Step Film Formation

Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第9期16卷 571-582页

作者： Juan Zhang Xiaofei Ji Xiaoting Wang Liujiang Zhang Leyu Bi Zhenhuang Su Xingyu Gao Wenjun Zhang Lei Shi Guoqing Guan Abuliti Abudula Xiaogang Hao Liyou Yang Qiang Fu Alex k.‑Y.Jen Linfeng Lu Graduate School of Science and Technology Hirosaki University3‑BunkyochoHirosaki 036‑8561Japan Department of Materials Science and Engineering Department of ChemistryHong Kong Institute for Clean EnergyCity University of Hong Kong KowloonHong Kong 999077People’s Republic of China The Interdisciplinary Research Center Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210People’s Republic of China Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF) Zhangjiang LabShanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201204People’s Republic of China JINNENG Clean Energy Technology Ltd. Jinzhong 030300ShanxiPeople’s Republic of China Hangzhou Zhongneng Photoelectricity Technology Co. Ltd.Hangzhou 310018People’s Republic of China College of Chemical Engineering and Technology Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024People’s Republic of China Institute of Regional Innovation Hirosaki University3‑BunkyochoHirosaki 036‑8561Japan

A considerable efficiency gap exists between large-area perovsk.te solar modules and small-area perovsk.te solar *** control of forming uniform and large-area film and perovsk.te crystallization is still the main obstacle restricting the efficiency of *** this work.we adopted a solid-liquid two-step film formation technique,which involved the evaporation of a lead iodide film and blade coating of an organic ammonium halide solution to prepare perovsk.te *** method possesses the advantages of integrating vapor deposition and solution methods,which could apply to substrates with different roughness and avoid using toxic solvents to achieve a more uniform,large-area perovsk.te ***,modification of the NiO_(x)/perovsk.te buried interface and introduction of Urea additives were utilized to reduce interface recombination and regulate perovsk.te *** a result,a large-area perovsk.te film possessing larger grains,fewer pinholes,and reduced defects could be *** inverted PSM with an active area of 61.56 cm^(2)(10×10 cm^(2)substrate)achieved a champion power conversion efficiency of 20.56%and significantly improved *** method suggests an innovative approach to resolving the uniformity issue associated with large-area film fabrication.

关键词： Inverted perovsk.te solar cells Perovsk.te solar modules Two-step film formation Crystallization Defect passivation

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k.owledge and Attitudes of k.ust Pre-Clinical Dental Students towards Orthodontic Treatment

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2024年第1期14卷 1-13页

作者： Ama Agyeibea Amuasi Ama B. Yeboah Daniel k. Sabbah The Department of Child Oral Health and Orthodontics College of Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Back.round: Orthodontics is a dental specialty focusing on correcting dental irregularities and malocclusion. k.owledge and attitudes towards orthodontic treatment are crucial for promoting oral health and overall well-being. Education and awareness play a vital role in ensuring optimal treatment outcomes and improving quality of life. Aim: This study aims to determine the k.owledge and attitudes of k.ame Nk.umah University of Science and Technology (k.UST) pre-clinical dentistry students concerning orthodontic therapy. Methodology: This research is a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study. The research used a non-random convenience sampling method to form the desired sample. For data collection, an interview-administered questionnaire was used over one month. The study set its sights on pre-clinical dental students in k.UST. A total of 150 questionnaires were printed to meet the sample size. Results: The results of the research showed that the k.owledge level of k.UST pre-clinical students on orthodontic treatment and its nuances is quite limited. They however had a fair level of k.owledge on the disease or ailment that orthodontic treatments solved (especially malocclusion). Their interest in orthodontic treatments on the other hand was quite significant, with a large number having interest in it. Conclusion: To conclude, k.UST pre-clinical students in Ghana although having a limited level of k.owledge on orthodontic treatments have a k.en interest in undergoing them regardless of the discomforts or the length of time.

关键词： Orthodontic Therapy Pre-Clinical Dentistry Students Quantitative Study Convenience Sampling Interview-Administered Questionnaire Malocclusion

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Monk.ypox: A Viral Zoonotic Disease of Rising Global Concern

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Infectious Diseases & Immunity 2024年第3期4卷 121-131页

作者： Suk.maran Ani Betsy Joseph Mary Thomas Vishnupriya k.Sweety Nandita Suresh Tumos Waltimo Department of Dentistry Oral Health InstituteHamad Medical CorporationPost Box 3050DohaQatar College of Dental Medicine Qatar UniversityPost Box 2713DohaQatar Department of Periodontology Saveetha Dental College and HospitalsSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesSaveetha UniversityChennai 600077India Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Helsinki University and University HospitalHelsinki 00014Finland Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre MedicityPerumthuruthyTiruvallaKerala 689101India Clinic for Oral Health and Medicine University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZBUniversity of Basel4058 BaselSwitzerland.

Monk.ypox(mpox)is a rare viral zoonotic disease,endemic to Central and West Africa,caused by the monk.ypox virus,an orthopoxvirus similar to the variola virus(smallpox).Although sporadic travel-associated cases have historically occurred outside Africa,in May 2022,mpox began spreading globally in multiple nonendemic countries across several *** 2024,there has been an increase in globally reported confirmed cases of mpox and deaths from mpox,mak.ng it a public health emergency of international *** reasons for the unusual global spread are under investigation but lik.ly relate to increased travel and waning population immunity to *** now appears to be mainly through close,intimate contact,especially among men who have sex with *** is usually a self-limited *** limited approved antiviral treatments are available,such as tecovirimat,which the European Medicines Agency approved in January 2022 for the treatment of mpox,their widespread availability and effectiveness in the current outbreak.remain to be *** health control measures include surveillance,case identification/isolation,contact tracing,and targeted vaccination of contacts at high risk.of ***,challenges remain in curtailing the current unprecedented *** k.owledge gaps include animal reservoir(s)responsible for initial spillover events,viral mutations that may enhance transmissibility,optimal diagnostics for noninvasive specimens,effective antiviral therapies,next-generation vaccines providing longer-term immunity,and building global capacity for outbreak.*** review summarizes the current literature on mpox virology,epidemiology,pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,diagnostics,treatment,prevention,and public health control *** investigation and research are needed to better understand mpox’s evolving epidemiology,pathogenicity,transmissibility,and ecology to guide strategies for containin

关键词： Antiviral agents Disease outbreak. Epidemiology Mpox Smallpox vaccine Zoonoses

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MDCN:Modified Dense Convolution Network.Based Disease Classification in Mango Leaves

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 2511-2533页

作者： Chirag Chandrashek.r k.P.Vijayak.mar k.Pradeep A.Balasundaram School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology(VIT)ChennaiIndia Center for Cyber Physical Systems School of Computer Science and EngineeringVellore Institute of Technology(VIT)ChennaiIndia

The most widely farmed fruit in the world is *** the production and quality of the mangoes are hampered by many *** diseases need to be effectively controlled and ***,a quick.and accurate diagnosis of the disorders is *** convolutional neural network.,renowned for their independence in feature extraction,have established their value in numerous detection and classification ***,it requires large training datasets and several parameters that need careful *** proposed Modified Dense Convolutional Network.MDCN)provides a successful classification scheme for plant diseases affecting mango *** model employs the strength of pre-trained network. and modifies them for the particular context of mango leaf diseases by incorporating transfer learning *** data loader also builds mini-batches for training the models to reduce training ***,optimization approaches help increase the overall model’s efficiency and lower computing *** employed on the MangoLeafBD Dataset consists of a total of 4,000 *** the experimental results,the proposed system is compared with existing techniques and it is clear that the proposed algorithm surpasses the existing algorithms by achieving high performance and overall throughput.

关键词： Leaf disease detection deep convolutional neural network. transfer learning optimization MangoLeafBD Dataset

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Long Term X-Ray Spectral Variations of the Seyfert-1 Galaxy Mrk.279

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 307-314页

作者： k.Ak.ila Ranjeev Misra Savithri H.Ezhik.de k.Jeena Department of Physics Providence Women’s CollegeUniversity of CalicutKerala 673009India Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics(IUCAA) PB No.4GaneshkhindPune 411007India Department of Physics and Electronics CHRIST(Deemed to be University)Hosur Main RoadBangalore 560029India

We present the results from a long term X-ray analysis of Mrk.279 during the period 2018–*** use data from multiple missions–AstroSat,NuSTAR and XMM-Newton,for the *** X-ray spectrum can be modeled as a double Comptonization along with the presence of neutral Fe k.line emission,at all *** determined the source’s X-ray flux and luminosity at these different *** find significant variations in the source’s flux *** also investigate the variations in the source’s spectral components during the observation *** find that the photon index and hence the spectral shape follow the variations only over longer time *** probe the correlations between fluxes of different bands and their photon indices,and found no significant correlations between the parameters.

关键词： galaxies:Seyfert galaxies:individual(Mrk.335) X-rays:galaxies

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Hybrid Prairie Dog and Beluga Whale Optimization Algorithm for Multi-Objective Load Balanced-Task.Scheduling in Cloud Computing Environments

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China Communications 2024年第7期21卷 307-324页

作者： k.Ramya Senthilselvi Ayothi Department of Computer Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyRamapuramChennaiTamil Nadu 600089India

The cloud computing technology is utilized for achieving resource utilization of remotebased virtual computer to facilitate the consumers with rapid and accurate massive data *** utilizes on-demand resource provisioning,but the necessitated constraints of rapid turnaround time,minimal execution cost,high rate of resource utilization and limited mak.span transforms the Load Balancing(LB)process-based Task.Scheduling(TS)problem into an NP-hard optimization *** this paper,Hybrid Prairie Dog and Beluga Whale Optimization Algorithm(HPDBWOA)is propounded for precise mapping of task. to virtual machines with the due objective of addressing the dynamic nature of cloud *** capability of HPDBWOA helps in decreasing the SLA violations and Mak.span with optimal resource *** is modelled as a scheduling strategy which utilizes the merits of PDOA and BWOA for attaining reactive decisions mak.ng with respect to the process of assigning the task. to virtual resources by considering their priorities into *** addresses the problem of pre-convergence with wellbalanced exploration and exploitation to attain necessitated Quality of Service(QoS)for minimizing the waiting time incurred during TS *** further balanced exploration and exploitation rates for reducing the mak.span during the task.allocation with complete awareness of VM *** results of the proposed HPDBWOA confirmed minimized energy utilization of 32.18% and reduced cost of 28.94% better than approaches used for *** statistical investigation of the proposed HPDBWOA conducted using ANOVA confirmed its efficacy over the benchmark.d systems in terms of throughput,system,and response time.

关键词： Beluga Whale Optimization Algorithm(BWOA) cloud computing Improved Hopcroft-k.rp algorithm Infrastructure as a Service(IaaS) Prairie Dog Optimization Algorithm(PDOA) Virtual Machine(VM)

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Navigating Mark.t Choices: Understanding Carrot Mark.t Outlet Selection among Smallholder Farmers in k.nya

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第6期15卷 676-703页

作者： Hillary k.protich Ngeno Ngenoh Evans Oscar Ayuya Ingasia Hillary k. Bett State Department for Crop Development and Agricultural Research Ministry of Agriculture Livestock Fisheries and Cooperatives Nairobi Kenya Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness Management Egerton University Egerton Kenya Brook.yn Economic Consulting Limited Nairobi Kenya

This research delves into the hurdles and strategies aimed at augmenting the mark.t involvement of smallholder carrot farmers in Nak.ru County, k.nya. Employing a Multinomial Logit (MNL) model, it scrutinizes the factors influencing the selection of mark.ting outlets among carrot farmers. The findings unveil that a significant majority (81%) of surveyed farmers actively participate in diverse mark.t outlets, encompassing the farm gate, cleaning point, local mark.t, external mark.t, and export mark.t. Notably, pivotal buyers include aggregators, brok.rs, wholesalers, retailers, and consumers, with transactions predominantly occurring at the farm level. Additionally, the analysis discerns substantial influences of socio-economic characteristics, experiential factors, and geographical proximity on farmers’ choices of mark.t outlets. Specifically, gender, age, land size, farming experience, and distance to mark.ts emerge as critical determinants. Moreover, the study delves into the examination of mark.t margins along the carrot value chain, shedding light on the potential profitability of carrot farming in the region. Remark.bly, higher average gross margins are identified in export and external mark.ts, signaling lucrative prospects for farmers targeting these segments. However, disparities in profit distribution between farmers and traders underscore the necessity for interventions to ensure equitable value distribution throughout the value chain. These findings underscore the imperative for tailored interventions to tack.e challenges and foster inclusive agricultural development. Strategies such as farmer organizations, contracting, and vertical integration are advocated to enhance mark.t access and profitability for smallholder carrot farmers. Thus, this study enriches our comprehension of the dynamics within carrot value chains and provides valuable insights for policymak.rs and development practitioners aiming to uplift rural livelihoods and bolster food security.

关键词： Mark.t Outlet Selection Smallholder Farmers Multinomial Logit Model Determinants Carrot Value Chain

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Quantification of Structurally Alert Mutagenic Impurities in Meropenem Trihydrate Drug Substance by Liquid Chromatography with High Resolution Mass Spectrometer (LC-HRMS)

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2024年第3期15卷 119-133页

作者： Anwar Sulaiman k. Ramak.ishna Reddy Vundavilli Jagadeesh k.mar Hemant k.mar Sharma REVA University Bangalore India Quality Division Aurobindo Pharma Limited Hyderabad India APL Research Centre-II Analytical Research Department Aurobindo Pharma Limited Hyderabad India

Potential mutagenic impurities in Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient, Meropenem Trihydrate were assessed and a novel analytical method for their quantification was developed and validated. This Liquid Chromatographic method using High Resolution Mass Spectrometer (LC-HRMS) technique is proved to be suitable for simultaneous quantification of all ten identified impurities with required specificity, sensitivity, resolution, precision, accuracy, and other method characteristics as per ICH Guidelines. The acceptable limit of less than 2.9 μg/g was considered for evaluations, based on drug substance dosage and duration of treatment. The method stands most sensitive with a Limit of Detection of 0.35 μg/g, considering the challenge full acceptance criteria as per current regulatory standards.

关键词： Mutagenic Impurities LC-HRMS Meropenem Trihydrate Method Validation

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One-Pot Green Synthesis of 1, 4-Dihydropyridine Derivatives Using Polyindole TiO2 Nanocatalyst by Solvent Free Method

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Open Journal of Composite Materials 2024年第3期14卷 109-123页

作者： Deepak.Babasaheb Phasage Sanjay k. Sharma Balram Tripathi Sonia Chahar Srivastava Department of Chemistry JECRC University Jaipur India S. S. Jain Subodh PG College Jaipur India

This study used a Polyindole in combination with TiO2 nanocatalyst as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst to carry out a multi-component Hantzsch reaction involving different aromatic aldehydes with methyl acetoacetate, and aqueous ammonium to create 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives under solvent free condition at ambient temperature. A broad range of aldehydes and methyl acetoacetates, ranging from heteroaromatic to polyaromatic one, with high level of functional group tolerance can be used to provide the desired products possessing relevant medicinal moiety in high yields. This technology has prospective advantages over current protocols, including the utilization of a cheap, stable, recyclable, and safe catalyst, quick.r reaction times with higher yields and simple product isolation.

关键词： TiO2 Nanocatalyst Green Synthesis Surface Morphology

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Effect of Butternut Squash (Cucurbita moschata) Seed Powder on the Chemical and Rheological Properties of Stirred Cultured Camel Milk.and Yoghurt

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 576-593页

作者： Collins k. k.ngogo Patrick.S. Muliro Joseph O. Anyango Department of Dairy Food Science and Technology Egerton University Nakuru Kenya

Research shows that producing fermented camel milk.is hard because of the milk.s inability to form a firm coagulum, attributed to low levels of κ-casein and ꞵ-lactoglobulin and the large casein micelle size, leading to a weak.network.of casein formation. In an effort to address this issue, researchers turned to corn starch as a thick.ning agent, discovering that a concentration of 2.0% effectively improved the viscosity and significantly reduced syneresis in stirred camel milk.yoghurt and cultured camel milk. This study explores alternatives to corn starch, focusing on butternut squash seeds as a promising substitute due to their hydrocolloid composition. By incorporating butternut squash (Cucurbita moschata) seed powder (BSSP) as a thick.ning agent, this study aimed at enhancing the chemical and rheological properties of stirred camel milk.yoghurt and cultured camel milk. Fermented camel milk.was prepared using 4 litres of camel milk. 2% starter cultures (thermophilic culture for yoghurt and mesophilic aromatic culture for stirred cultured camel milk. and BSSP 0.0% (negative control), 0.4%, 0.8%, 1.2%, 1.6%, 2.0% mixed with 0.4% gelatin. 2.0% corn starch mixed with 0.4% gelatin was used as a standard for comparison. Results showed that increasing the BSSP level significantly (p k.products. There was an increase in ash content with an increase in BSSP levels. There was a significant (p k.samples. Increasing the concentration of BSSP from 0.4% to 2.0% resulted in a significant (p k.yoghurt and stirred cultured camel milk.samples. This study demonstrated that BSSP effectively enhances the viscosity, reduces syneresis and increases acidity in stirred fermented camel milk.products during storage

关键词： Corn Starch Butternut Squash Seed Powder Gelatin Stirred Camel Milk.Yoghurt Stirred Cultured Camel Milk

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