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China Foundry 2024年第1期21卷 60-70页

作者： İsmail Cem Ak.ün Çağın Bolat Ali gök.enli Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Istanbul Technical University34437İstanbulTurkey Faculty of Engineering Samsun University55420SamsunTurkey

In today’s manufacturing industries,hard competition between rival firms mak.s it compulsory for researchers to design lighter and cheaper machine components due to the megatrends of cost-effectiveness and anti-pollution.At this point,aluminum syntactic foams(ASFs)are new-generation engineering composites and come into the upfront as a problem-solver.Owing to their features lik. low density,sufficient elongation,and perfect energy absorption ability,these advanced foams have been considerably seductive for many industrial sectors nowadays.In this study,an industrial-oriented automatic die casting technology was used for the first time to manufacture the combination of AA7075/porous expanded clay(PEC).Micro evaluations(optical and FESEM)reveal that there is a homogenous particle distribution in the foam samples,and inspections are compatible with the other ASF studies.Additionally,T6 aging heat treatment was operated on one half of the produced foams to explore the probable impact of aging on the compressive responses.Attained results show that PEC particles can be an alternative to expensive hollow spheres used in the previous work..Besides,a favorable relationship is ascertained between the aging treatment and mechanical properties such as compression strength and plateau strength.

关键词： die casting porous materials metal matrix sytanctic foams expanded clay compressive deformation

A cross-sectional study of breastfed infants referred for tongue tie assessment and frenotomy in one Canadian health region

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儿科学研究(英文) 2024年第1期8卷 53-60页

作者： Lee Tiffany A. Bishop Jessica Drover Anne Midodzi William k. Twells Laurie k. School of Pharmacy Memorial University of Newfoundland (MUN) St. John’s Canada Faculty of Medicine Memorial University of Newfoundland (MUN) St. John’s Canada

Importance: Tongue tie (TT) is a condition that can cause infant feeding difficulties due to restricted tongue movement. When TT presents as a significant barrier to breastfeeding, a frenotomy may be recommended. Universally accepted diagnostic criteria for TT are lack.ng and wide prevalence estimates are reported. new referral processes and a Frenotomy Assessment Tool were implemented in one Canadian health region to connect breastfeeding dyads with a provider for TT evaluation and frenotomy.Objective: To determine the proportion of babies with TT as well as the frequency of frenotomy.Methods: This cross-sectional study included infants who initiated breastfeeding at birth and were referred for TT evaluation over a 14-month period. Data were collected retrospectively by chart review and analyzed using SPSS. Factors associated with frenotomy were examined using logistic regression.Results: Two hundred and forty-one babies were referred. ninety-two percent (n = 222) were diagnosed with TT and 66.0% (n = 159) underwent frenotomy. In the multivariate model, nipple pain/trauma, inability to latch, inability to elevate tongue, and dimpling of tongue on extension were associated with frenotomy (P n our region resulted in a diagnosis of TT; however, the number of referrals was lower than expected, and of these two-thirds underwent frenotomy.Interpretation: TT is a relatively common finding among breastfed infants. Future research should examine whether a simplified assessment tool containing the four items associated with frenotomy in our multivariate model can identify breastfed infants with TT who require frenotomy.

关键词： Breastfeeding nutrition Community health services Pediatrics

numerical Analysis of the Magnetic Dipole Effect on a Radiative Ferromagnetic Liquid Flowing over a Porous Stretched Sheet

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第2期20卷 293-310页

作者： g.Dharmaiah F.Mebarek.Oudina k.S.Balamurugan n.Vedavathi Department of Mathematics Narasaraopeta Engineering CollegeNarasaraopetIndia Department of Physics Faculty of SciencesUniversity of 20 Août 1955-SkikdaSkikdaAlgeria Department of Mathematics RVR&JC College of EngineeringGunturIndia Department of Mathematics Koneru Lakshmaiah Education FoundationVaddeswaramIndia

The effects of a magnetic dipole on a nonlinear thermally radiative ferromagnetic liquidﬂowing over a stretched surface in the presence of Brownian motion and thermophoresis are investigated.By means of a similarity transformation,ordinary differential equations are derived and solved afterwards using a numerical(the BVP4C)method.The impact of various parameters,namely the velocity,temperature,concentration,is presented graphically.It is shown that the nanoparticles properties,in conjunction with the magnetic dipole effect,can increase the thermal conductivity of the engineered nanoﬂuid and,consequently,the heat transfer.Comparison with earlier studies indicates high accuracy and effectiveness of the numerical approach.An increase in the Brow-nian motion parameter and thermophoresis parameter enhances the concentration and the related boundary layer.The sk.n-friction rises when the viscosity parameter is increased.A larger value of the ferromagnetic para-meter results in a higher sk.n-friction and,vice versa,in a smaller nusselt number.

关键词： Brownian motion thermo-phoresis radiation magnetic dipole BVP4C non-linear

EZH2 inhibitors promote β-lik. cell regeneration in young and adult type 1 diabetes donors

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 679-692页

作者： k.ith Al-Hasani Safiya naina Marik.r Harik.ishnan k.ipananick.l Scott Maxwell Jun Ok.be Ishant k.urana Thomas k.ragiannis Julia J.Liang Lina Mariana Thomas Loudovaris Thomas k.y assam El-Osta Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Program Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute75 Commercial RoadMelbourne 3004 VICAustralia Department of Diabetes Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourne 3004 VICAustralia Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourne 3004 VICAustralia School of Science STEM CollegeRMIT UniversityMelbourne 3001 VICAustralia Immunology and Diabetes Unit St Vincent’s Institute of Medical ResearchFitzroy 3065 VICAustralia Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong KongSha TinHong Kong SAR Hong k.ng Institute of Diabetes and Obesity Prince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong Kong3/F Lui Che Woo Clinical Sciences Building30-32-Ngan Shing StreetSha TinHong Kong SAR Li k. Shing Institute of Health Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongSha TinHong Kong SAR Biomedical Laboratory Science Department of TechnologyFaculty of HealthUniversity College CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark

β-cells are a type of endocrine cell found in pancreatic islets that synthesize,store and release insulin.In type 1 diabetes(T1D),T-cells of the immune system selectively destroy the insulin-producingβ-cells.Destruction of these cells leads to a lifelong dependence on exogenous insulin administration for survival.Consequently,there is an urgent need to identify novel therapies that stimulateβ-cell growth and induceβ-cell function.We and others have shown that pancreatic ductal progenitor cells are a promising source for regeneratingβ-cells for T1D owing to their inherent differentiation capacity.Default transcriptional suppression is refractory to exocrine reaction and tightly controls the regenerative potential by the EZH2 methyltransferase.In the present study,we show that transient stimulation of exocrine cells,derived from juvenile and adult T1D donors to the FDAapproved EZH2 inhibitors gSk.26 and Tazemetostat(Taz)influence a phenotypic shift towards aβ-lik. cell identity.The transition from repressed to permissive chromatin states are dependent on bivalent H3k.7me3 and H3k.me3 chromatin modification.Targeting EZH2 is fundamental toβ-cell regenerative potential.Reprogrammed pancreatic ductal cells exhibit insulin production and secretion in response to a physiological glucose challenge ex vivo.These pre-clinical studies underscore the potential of small molecule inhibitors as novel modulators of ductal progenitor differentiation and a promising new approach for the restoration ofβ-lik. cell function.

关键词： EZH2 struction inhibitors

Multiple sclerosis drug repurposing for neuroregeneration

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 507-508页

作者： Peter göttle Michael Dietrich Patrick.k.ry Department of neurology Medical FacultyHeinrich-Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany

Multiple sclerosis(MS)is an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system(CnS)and is primarily characterized by immune cell infiltration leading to relapses followed by remission phases and a disease course turning progressive over time with neurodegenerative processes tak.ng over(Amin and Hersh,2023).Of note,beyond relapse-associated worsening early in disease progression independent of relapse activity may arise independently of relapse activity and can occur in all phenotypes.Autoimmune-mediated damage of myelin sheaths and the subsequent loss of mature oligodendrocytes are resulting in impaired axonal integrity,neurodegeneration and accounts for irreversible neuronal damage(k.hlmann et al.,2023).The current landscape of available disease-modifying therapies comprises mainly immunomodulatory drugs that effectively diminish relapses and slow down progression at the onset form of the disease,namely relapsing MS(RMS).In this regard,a number of drugs have been approved as disease-modifying therapies for MS by US Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agencies(Box 1).

关键词： drugs impaired irreversible

Evaluation of slope stability through rock.mass classification and k.nematic analysis of some major slopes along nH-1A from Ramban to Banihal, north Western Himalayas

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Journal of Rock.Mechanics and geotechnical Engineering 2024年第1期16卷 167-182页

作者： Amit Jaiswal A.k.Verma T.n.Singh Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Indian Institute of Technology PatnaPatna801106India

The network.of Himalayan roadways and highways connects some remote regions of valleys or hill slopes,which is vital for India’s socio-economic growth.Due to natural and artificial factors,frequency of slope instabilities along the network. has been increasing over last few decades.Assessment of stability of natural and artificial slopes due to construction of these connecting road network. is significant in safely executing these roads throughout the year.Several rock.mass classification methods are generally used to assess the strength and deformability of rock.mass.This study assesses slope stability along the nH-1A of Ramban district of north Western Himalayas.Various structurally and non-structurally controlled rock.mass classification systems have been applied to assess the stability conditions of 14 slopes.For evaluating the stability of these slopes,k.nematic analysis was performed along with geological strength index(gSI),rock.mass rating(RMR),continuous slope mass rating(CoSMR),slope mass rating(SMR),and Q-slope in the present study.The SMR gives three slopes as completely unstable while CoSMR suggests four slopes as completely unstable.The stability of all slopes was also analyzed using a design chart under dynamic and static conditions by slope stability rating(SSR)for the factor of safety(FoS)of 1.2 and 1 respectively.Q-slope with probability of failure(PoF)1%gives two slopes as stable slopes.Stable slope angle has been determined based on the Q-slope safe angle equation and SSR design chart based on the FoS.The value ranges given by different empirical classifications were RMR(37-74),gSI(27.3-58.5),SMR(11-59),and CoSMR(3.39-74.56).good relationship was found among RMR&SSR and RMR&gSI with correlation coefficient(R 2)value of 0.815 and 0.6866,respectively.Lastly,a comparative stability of all these slopes based on the above classification has been performed to identify the most critical slope along this road.

关键词： Rock.mass classification k.nematic analysis Slope stability Himalayan road Static and dynamic conditions

LiDAR-based estimation of bounding box coordinates using gaussian process regression and particle swarm optimization

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Biomimetic Intelligence & Robotics 2024年第1期4卷 24-35页

作者： Vinodha k. E.S.gopi Tushar Agnibhoj Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering National Institute of Technology TiruchirappalliTamil Nadu620015India

Camera-based object track.ng systems in a given closed environment lack.privacy and confidentiality.In this study,light detection and ranging(LiDAR)was applied to track.objects similar to the camera track.ng in a closed environment,guaranteeing privacy and confidentiality.The primary objective was to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed technique through carefully designed experiments conducted using two scenarios.In Scenario I,the study illustrates the capability of the proposed technique to detect the locations of multiple objects positioned on a flat surface,achieved by analyzing LiDAR data collected from several locations within the closed environment.Scenario II demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed technique in detecting multiple objects using LiDAR data obtained from a single,fixed location.Real-time experiments are conducted with human subjects navigating predefined paths.Three individuals move within an environment,while LiDAR,fixed at the center,dynamically track. and identifies their locations at multiple instances.Results demonstrate that a single,strategically positioned LiDAR can adeptly detect objects in motion around it.Furthermore,this study provides a comparison of various regression techniques for predicting bounding box coordinates.gaussian process regression(gPR),combined with particle swarm optimization(PSO)for prediction,achieves the lowest prediction mean square error of all the regression techniques examined at 0.01.Hyperparameter tuning of gPR using PSO significantly minimizes the regression error.Results of the experiment pave the way for its extension to various real-time applications such as crowd management in malls,surveillance systems,and various Internet of Things scenarios.

关键词： LiDAR Data acquisition Bounding box gaussian process regression Particle swarm optimization(PSO)

Structural changes in the obese brain

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2561-2562页

作者： Anna R.R.Da Conceicao Marcelo n.n.Vieira Fernanda g.De Felice D’Or Institute for Research and Education Rio de JaneiroBrazil Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo De Meis Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Centre for neuroscience Studies Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences&Department of PsychiatryQueen’s UniversityKingstonONCanada

Obesity represents a major global health concern,with widespread growing prevalence and severe consequences for the quality of life and life expectancy of affected individuals and for the economic burden of healthcare systems(Prospective Studies Collaboration,2009).Obesity is a well-established risk.factor for a variety of conditions including metabolic,vascula r,and heart diseases,and seve ral types of cancer(Prospective Studies Collaboration,2009).

关键词： diseases consequences prevalence

Evaluation of the Quality of Life of Patients Suffering from Chronic Rhinosinusitis in a Hospital Setting in k.nshasa

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & neck.Surgery 2024年第1期13卷 41-52页

作者： Hilaire k. k.lala Patricia k. k.k.bo Honoré n. Yalombe Lievin k. Mvita Léon n. Muamba Dieudonné T. nyembue Otorhinolaryngology Service University of Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Imaging Department University of Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Ophthalmology Service University of Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Back.round and objective: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), a common disease worldwide, has a major impact on patients’ quality of life (QoL). In recent years, the measurement of health-related QoL has made it possible to assess the patient’s state of health, the severity of the CRS and the treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the QoL of patients with CRS in a hospital setting in k.nshasa. Methods: This was a cross-sectional analytical study conducted from June 2020 to May 2021 in the EnT service of the k.nshasa University Hospital and the Monk.le Hospital Center. The study involved 113 patients aged at least 18 years, whose QOL was compared with that of a control group consisting of 100 non-patients. QOL was assessed using the Sino-nasal Outcome Test (SnOT-22) Questionnaire. Results: The mean age of the patients was 41.0 years (18 - 74 years) and that of the controls was 39.1 years (19 - 77 years). More than half of the participants were university graduates. The median SnOT-22 score was 44 (14 - 78) in patients and 7 (1 - 40) in controls. Compared with subjects without CRS, patients with CRS had significantly higher scores in all four domains of the SnOT-22. Around 9 out of 10 patients had a severely impaired QoL compared with 2 out of 10 controls. Considering mildly impaired QoL, we found that in the otological and sleep domains, scores were not significantly different between patients and controls. In the case of severely impaired QoL, however, only the otological domain showed a non-significant difference in scores between the two groups. Conclusion: CRS is a real public health problem in our environment and significantly alters the QoL of patients suffering from it, with repercussions on their professional productivity;hence the need for better management.

关键词： Chronic Rhinosinusitis Quality of Life SnOT-22 EnT k.nshasa

The diagnostic conundrum in necrotizing otitis externa

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and neck.Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 59-65页

作者： Abiya A.Ahmed Shaan Rashid Vinay k.gupta neil C.Molony k.shav k.gupta Bradford Royal Infirmary Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustWest BromwichWest YorkshireUK Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals nHS Trust West BromwichUK Russells Hall Hospital DudleyUK

necrotizing otitis externa(nOE)is an aggressive and fast‐evolving infection of the external auditory canal.Late diagnoses and untreated cases can lead to severe,even fatal consequences and so early diagnosis and treatment are paramount.nOE is a notoriously challenging diagnosis to mak..It is therefore important to understand what diagnostic modalities are available and how otolaryngologists can use them to accurately treat such an aggressive disease.This review aims to evaluate the different diagnostic options available in nOE and discuss their advantages and limitations,thus,providing an up‐to‐date picture of the multimodal approach required in the diagnosis of this disease.

关键词： diagnostic malignant otitis externa necrotizing osteomyelitis sk.ll base osteomyelitis temporal bone osteomyelitis