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Open Journal of Composite Materials 2024年第3期14卷 109-123页

作者： Deepak.Babasaheb Phasage Sanjay k. Sharma Balram Tripathi Sonia Chahar Srivastava Department of Chemistry JECRC University Jaipur India S. S. Jain Subodh PG College Jaipur India

This study used a Polyindole in combination with TiO2 nanocatalyst as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst to carry out a multi-component Hantzsch reaction involving different aromatic aldehydes with methyl acetoacetate, and aqueous ammonium to create 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives under solvent free condition at ambient temperature. A broad range of aldehydes and methyl acetoacetates, ranging from heteroaromatic to polyaromatic one, with high level of functional group tolerance can be used to provide the desired products possessing relevant medicinal moiety in high yields. This technology has prospective advantages over current protocols, including the utilization of a cheap, stable, recyclable, and safe catalyst, quick.r reaction times with higher yields and simple product isolation.

关键词： TiO2 Nanocatalyst Green Synthesis Surface Morphology

The Impact of Perineal Trauma on Postpartum Women at Ndola Teaching Hospital, Zambia: A Phenomenological Study

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第9期14卷 1374-1397页

作者： Priscilla Mwanza Diana k. Mwaba Mutink. Zulu Concepta N. k.aleyela Copperbelt Provincial Health Office Ministry of Health Ndola Zambia Copperbelt Provincial Health Office Ndola Zambia School of Nursing Sciences University of Zambia Kitwe Campus Kitwe Zambia School of Nursing and Midwifery Mulungushi University Kabwe Zambia

Perineal trauma following childbirth affects over two-thirds of women in low and medium-income countries (LMICs) birthing in health facilities. Although it is an unfavourable outcome with the potential to affect many aspects of a woman’s well-being in both the immediate and long-term, it is still a neglected phenomenon of women’s health, particularly in sub-Saharan African countries lik. Zambia. This study sought to understand the impact of birth perineal trauma on postnatal women at Ndola Teaching Hospital (NTH). This study employed a cross-sectional qualitative design using a descriptive phenomenological approach. Fifteen women who had birthed at NTH and sustained birth perineal trauma were purposively sampled as study participants. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews aided by an interview guide. Four themes, namely, perineal pain, substandard perineal wound management, fear of future reproductive health outcomes and diversion from reality, emerged from the study. Most women experiencing childbirth perineal trauma do not receive adequate care to manage their condition effectively. Therefore, midwives should utilise their professional k.owledge and sk.lls when providing postnatal care because morbidity affects women. Thus, it has the potential to negatively affect mother-infant bonding. The study concluded that birth perineal trauma is a distressing phenomenon of childbirth;hence, sk.llful repair, pain management and sexual counselling can greatly reduce its negative impacts.

关键词： Perineal Trauma Birthing Women Perineal Pain Impact

SARS-CoV-2 spik. protein-ACE2 interaction increases carbohydrate sulfotransferases and reduces N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase by p38 MAPk

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第3期9卷 1174-1185页

作者： Sumit Bhattacharyya Joanne k.Tobacman Jesse Brown VA Medical Center and University of Illinois at Chicago ChicagoIL 60612USA

Immunostaining in lungs of patients who died with CovID-19 infection showed increased intensity and distribution of chondroitin sulfate and decline in N-acetylgalactostamine-4-sulfatase(Arylsulfatase B;ARSB).To explain these findings,human small airway epithelial cells were exposed to the SARS-CoV-2 spik. protein receptor binding domain(SPRBD)and transcriptional mechanisms were ***-p38 MAPk.and phospho-SMAD3 increased following exposure to the SPRBD,and their inhibition suppressed the promoter activation of the carbohydrate sulfotransferases CHST15 and CHST11,which contributed to chondroitin sulfate *** in ARSB was mediated by phospho-38 MAPk.induced N-terminal Rb phosphorylation and an associated increase in Rb-E2F1 binding and decline in E2F1 binding to the ARSB *** increases in chondroitin sulfotransferases were inhibited when treated with phospho-p38-MAPk.inhibitors,SMAD3(SIS3)inhibitors,as well as antihistamine desloratadine and antibiotic *** the mouse model of carrageenan-induced systemic inflammation,increases in phosphop38 MAPk.and expression of CHST15 and CHST11 and declines in DNA-E2F binding and ARSB expression occurred in the lung,similar to theobserved effects in this SPRBD model of COVID-19 *** accumulation of chondroitin sulfates is associated with fibrotic lung conditions and diffuse alveolar damage,increased attention to p38-MAPk.inhibition may be beneficial in amelioratingCovid-19infections.

关键词： ACE2 lung inhibited

No effect of invasive tree species on aboveground biomass increments of oak. and pines in temperate forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 401-413页

作者： Sebastian Bury Marcin k.Dydersk. Institute of Dendrology Polish Academy of SciencesParkowa 562-035 KornikPoland

Prunus serotina and Robinia pseudoacacia are the most widespread invasive trees in Central *** addition,according to climate models,decreased growth of many economically and ecologically important native trees will lik.ly be observed in the *** aimed to assess the impact of these two neophytes,which differ in the biomass range and nitrogen-fixing abilities observed in Central European conditions,on the relative aboveground biomass increments of native oak. Qucrcus robur and *** and Scots pine Pinus *** aimed to increase our understanding of the relationship between facilitation and competition between woody alien species and overstory native *** established 72 circular plots(0.05 ha)in two different forest habitat types and stands varying in age in western *** chose plots with different abundances of the studied neophytes to determine how effects scaled along the quantitative invasion ***,we collected growth cores of the studied native species,and we calculated aboveground biomass increments at the tree and stand ***,we used generalized linear mixed-effects models to assess the impact of invasive species abundances on relative aboveground biomass increments of native tree *** did not find a biologically or statistically significant impact of invasive *** or *** on the relative aboveground,biomass increments of native oak. and pines along the quantitative gradient of invader biomass or on the proportion of total stand biomass accounted for by *** neophytes did not act as native tree growth stimulators but also did not compete with them for resources,which would escalate the negative impact of climate change on pines and *** neophytes should not significantly modify the carbon sequestration capacity of the native *** work.combines elements of the per capita effect of invasion with research on mixed forest management.

关键词： Invasion ecology Exotic trees Relative aboveground biomass increment Competition Facilitation Carbon sequestration

Process engineering of demineralisation of moderate to high ash Indian coals through NaOH‑HCl leaching and HF leaching

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第2期11卷 111-122页

作者： Heena Dhawan D.k.Sharma ANRF Ministry of ScienceNew DelhiIndia Department of Energy Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi 110016India

Chemical leaching of coals would be required to produce cleaner coals for some special applications where physical benefi-ciation may not be effective *** would also help in recovering Li and rare earth metals besides in the sequestration of CO_(2).About 20 Indian coals having complexly distributed moderate to high ash contents were sequentially treated with various alk.li–acid such as NaOH-HCl,HF,HCl,HCl-HF,and NaOH-HCl-HF *** aimed to establish and design the best stepwise sequential process for the highest degree of demineralisation through a chemical leaching *** and process intensification studies were carried *** than 80%demineralisation of Madhaipur and Neemcha coals was observed using the best sequential treatment designed *** repeated stepwise treatment of the alk.li and the acid was also studied,which was found to significantly enhance the degree of demineralisation of *** integrated process of alk.li–acid leaching followed by solvent extraction(Organo-refining)and vice versa of the treated coal was also studied for producing cleaner coals.

关键词： Alk.li–acid leaching Demineralisation Integrated process Rare earth elements

Commentary on“Incidence of urinary incontinence following endoscopic laser enucleation of the prostate by en-bloc and non-en-bloc techniques:a multicenter,real-world experience of 5068 patients”

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 333-334页

作者： James F Jiang Narmina k.Onder Ak.il k.Das Department of Urology University of California Irvine Orange CA 92868 USA

Laser enucleation of the prostate is a proven and effectivesize-independent method for the surgical management of symptomaticbenign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)and is considered as the“goldstandard”by many *** major hurdles that stand in theway of this becoming a universally used procedure for BPH are thesteep learning curve associated with mastering the procedure andpossibility of perioperative transient *** advances inteaching methodologies have helped tack.e the difficulty in learning itand increased the number of urologists utilizing the *** forthe second hurdle,transient incontinence rates postlaser enucleationof the prostate have improved with the advent of newer techniques *** et al.1 assesses the incidence of stress,urge,andmixed urinary incontinence following laser enucleation of the prostateby comparing en-bloc and non-en-bloc techniques in a multicenterseries of 5068 men with BPH.

关键词： urinary incontinence transient

Liquid superlubricity of lubricants containing hydroxyl groups and their aqueous solution under rolling/sliding conditions

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Friction 2024年第1期12卷 164-173页

作者： Tomáš POLÁČEk.Petr ŠPERk. Ivan k.UPk. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Brno University of TechnologyBrno 61669Czech Republic

Macroscale rolling/sliding conditions are in the superlubricity,a little-studied topic so *** purpose of this paper is to examine the formation of elastohydrodynamic lubrication(EHL)films by water-based lubricants(glycerol and polyethylene glycol(PEG)),providing superlubricous *** were carried out on an optical ball-on-disc tribometer under rolling/sliding *** film thick.ess was measured by the thin film colorimetric interferometry,and the viscosity of liquids was measured by rotational and high-pressure falling body *** results show that tribochemical reactions are not the mandatory reason for friction to reach the superlubricity level when using the water-based *** studied liquids themselves are almost *** the addition of water,the signs of shear thinning behavior disappear even *** conditions for this type of lubricant can be predicted using the k.own Hamrock.Dowson *** anomaly in the thick.ess of the lubricants was observed as an abrupt change at certain *** more PEG there is in the lubricant,the higher the thick.ess at the beginning of the jump.

关键词： macroscale superlubricity super low traction water-based lubricants elastohydrodynamic lubrication(EHL) film thick.ess

Glutamine transporters as effective targets in digestive system malignant tumor treatment

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Oncology Research 2024年第10期32卷 1661-1671页

作者： Chu F. Tong k. Gu X. Bao M. Chen Y. Wang B. Shao Y. Wei L. School of Chinese Materia Medica Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 China Department of Pharmacy Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Tianjin 300070 China

Glutamine is one of the most abundant non-essential amino acids in human plasma and plays a crucial role in many biological processes of the human body. Tumor cells tak. up a large amount of glutamine to meet their rapid proliferation requirements, which is supported by the upregulation of glutamine transporters. Targeted inhibition of glutamine transporters effectively inhibits cell growth and proliferation in tumors. Among all cancers, digestive system malignant tumors (DSMTs) have the highest incidence and mortality rates, and the current therapeutic strategies for DSMTs are mainly surgical resection and chemotherapy. Due to the relatively low survival rate and severe side effects associated with DSMTs treatment, new treatment strategies are urgently required. This article summarizes the glutamine transporters involved in DSMTs and describes their role in DSMTs. Additionally, glutamine transporter-target drugs are discussed, providing theoretical guidance for the further development of drugs DSMTs treatment. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Cancer Glutamine transporter Inhibitors Targeted therapy

Hybrid Gene Selection Methods for High-Dimensional Lung Cancer Data Using Improved Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 5175-5200页

作者： Mutasem k.Alsmadi Department of Management Information Systems College of Applied Studies and Community ServiceImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammamSaudi Arabia

Lung cancer is among the most frequent cancers in the world,with over one million deaths per *** is required for lung cancer diagnosis and therapy to be effective,accurate,and *** expression microarrays have made it possible to find genetic biomark.rs for cancer diagnosis and prediction in a high-throughput *** Learning(ML)has been widely used to diagnose and classify lung cancer where the performance of ML methods is evaluated to identify the appropriate *** and selecting the gene expression patterns can help in lung cancer diagnoses and ***,microarrays include several genes and may cause confusion or false ***,the Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm(AOA)is used to identify the optimal gene subset to reduce the number of selected *** can allow the classifiers to yield the best performance for lung cancer *** addition,we proposed a modified version of AOA which can work.effectively on the high dimensional *** the modified AOA,the features are rank.d by their weights and are used to initialize the AOA *** exploitation process of AOA is then enhanced by developing a local search algorithm based on two neighborhood ***,the efficiency of the proposed methods was evaluated on gene expression datasets related to Lung cancer using stratified 4-fold *** method’s efficacy in selecting the optimal gene subset is underscored by its ability to maintain feature proportions between 10%to 25%.Moreover,the approach significantly enhances lung cancer prediction *** instance,Lung_Harvard1 achieved an accuracy of 97.5%,Lung_Harvard2 and Lung_Michigan datasets both achieved 100%,Lung_Adenocarcinoma obtained an accuracy of 88.2%,and Lung_Ontario achieved an accuracy of 87.5%.In conclusion,the results indicate the potential promise of the proposed modified AOA approach in classifying microarray cancer data.

关键词： Lung cancer gene selection improved arithmetic optimization algorithm and machine learning

A Machine Learning Classification Model for Detecting Prediabetes

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Journal of Data Analysis and Information Processing 2024年第3期12卷 462-478页

作者： A. k. M. Raquibul Bashar Mahdi Goudarzi Chris P. Tsok.s Department of Mathematics & Computer Science Augustana College Rock Island Illinois USA Independent Researcher San Francisco California USA Department of Mathematics & Statistics University of South Florida Tampa Florida USA

The incidence of prediabetes is in a dangerous condition in the USA. The lik.lihood of increasing chronic and complex health issues is very high if this stage of prediabetes is ignored. So, early detection of prediabetes conditions is critical to decrease or avoid type 2 diabetes and other health issues that come as a result of untreated and undiagnosed prediabetes condition. This study is done in order to detect the prediabetes condition with an artificial intelligence method. Data used for this study is collected from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) survey conducted by the Division of Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (DHANES). In this study, several machine learning algorithms are exploited and compared to determine the best algorithm based on Average Squared Error (ASE), k.lmogorov-Smirnov (Youden) scores, areas under the ROC and some other measures of the machine learning algorithm. Based on these scores, the champion model is selected, and Random Forest is the champion model with approximately 89% accuracy.

关键词： Prediabetes Machine Learning SVM Forest Cumulative Lift