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Niche differentiation among facultative filter feeders: Insights from invasive Ponto-Caspian mysids

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Current Zoology 2024年第4期70卷 513-521页

作者： Péter Borza Varsha Rani Csaba f.Vada Institute of Aquatic Ecology Centre for Ecological ResearchKarolina ut 29.1113 BudapestHungary Doctoral School of Biology Institute of BiologyEotvos Lorand UniversityPazmany Péter sétany 1/C1117 BudapestHungary

The degree of dietary specialization has a fundamental impact on the ecological function and interactions of suspension *** niche differentiation by food particle size is common among obligate suspension feeders,its role is not evident in facultative *** this study,we aimed at providing new insights on the matter by focusing on sympatric mysid *** mysids use different mechanisms for raptorial and filter-feeding,they represent a more adequate model system than for example,the more extensively studied *** made morpholog-ical measurements on the 4 coexisting invasive Ponto-Caspian mysid species to determine the areas and mesh sizes of their *** also quantified their clearance rates on the microalga Cryptomonas *** a laboratory experiment to reveal how morphological differences manifest in their overall filtering *** found relatively small but consistent differences in the primary filter area among the species,indicating that morphological constraints due to the enclosed position of the setae might limit the possibility for *** primary filter mesh sizes were small in all 4 species(0.69-2.73μm)with moderate but consistent intraspecific differences,suggesting that the benefit of being able to capture small particles might outweigh the pressure for *** observed clearance rates were in accordance with the morphological characteristics of the species,highlighting that auxiliary filters(present in one of the species,Limnomysis benedeni)are needed to increase filtering capacity *** study confirmed that food particle size can contribute to the niche differentiation of facultative filter feeders,but also indicated that they can tolerate a higher overlap than obligate *** observed differences were related to the habitat preferences and predatory potentials of the species,suggesting that complementarity among the different niche axes might further facilitate theircoexistence.

关键词： clearance rate coexistence filter area filtermesh size.

A novel diagnostic gene region for distinguishing between two pest fruit flies:Bactrocera tryoni(froggatt)and Bactrocera neohumeralis(Hardy)(Diptera:Tephritidae)

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1285-1295页

作者： Melissa L.Starkie Elizabeth V.fowler Alexander M.Piper Xiaocheng Zhu Pauline Wyatt David Gopurenko Matt N.krosch francesca Strutt karen f.Armstrong Hamish Patrick Mark k.Schutze Mark J.Blacket Department of Agriculture and fisheries BiosecurityBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Agriculture Victoria AgriBioBundooraVictoriaAustralia Department of Primary Industries Wagga Wagga Agricultural InstituteWagga WaggaNew South WalesAustralia forensic Services Group Queensland Police ServiceBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Department of Pest-management and Conservation Lincoln UniversityLincolnNew Zealand Better Border Biosecurity(B3 B3nz.org.nz)LincolnNew Zealand

Bactrocera tryoni and Bactrocera neohumeralis are morphologically similar sibling pest fruit fly species that possess different biological attributes,geographic distributions,and host *** need to differentiate between the two species is critical for accurate pest status assessment,management,biosecurity,and maintenance of reference *** morphologically similar,adults may be separated based on subtle characters;however,some characters exhibit intraspecific variability,creating overlap between the two ***,there is currently no single molecular marker or rapid diagnostic assay that can reliably distinguish between *** and ***;therefore,ambiguous samples remain *** we report the first molecular marker that can consistently distinguish between *** and *** diagnostic region consists of two adjacent single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)within the pangolin(pan)gene *** confirmed the genotypes of each species are consistent across their distributional range,then developed a tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system(ARMS)PCR assay for rapid diagnosis of the *** assay utilizes four primers in multiplex,with two outer universal primers,and two internal primers:one designed to target two adjacent SNPs(AA)present in *** and the other targeting adjacent SNPs present in ***(GG).The assay accurately discriminates between the two species,but their SNP genotypes are shared with other nontarget tephritid fruit fly ***,this assay is most suited to adult diagnostics where species confirmation is necessary in determining ambiguous surveillance trap catches;maintaining pure colony lines;and in Sterile Insect Technique management responses.

关键词： ARMS-PCR colony molecular diagnostics pangolin tetra-primer

Adsorption of yttrium(Y^(3+)) and concentration of rare earth elements from phosphogypsum using chitin and chitin aerogel

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第4期42卷 775-782页

作者： Glaydson S.dos Reis Diana Pinto Sabrina f.Lütke Eder C.Lima Luis f.O.Silva Irineu A.S.De Brum Guilherme L.Dotto Department of forest Biomaterials and Technology Biomass Technology Centre Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesUmeaE13Swedn Universidad De La Costa Calle 58#55-66080002BarranquillaAtlanticoColombia Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering(ENGEPAC) Federal University of Santa MariaAv.Roraima100079705900Santa MariaRSBrazil Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul90040060Porto AlegreBrazil

Chitin powder and chitin-aerogel were prepared from shrimp wastes and used to uptake Y^(3+)from aqueous solutions and concentrate this rare earth element from phosphogypsum(PG).Chitin aerogel displays a specific surface area of 945 m^(2)/g,while chitin powder is 3.6 m^(2)/g,which largely influences its adsorption *** the adsorption in synthetic solutions,the effect of pH on Y^(3+)removal is strong for chitin powder *** contrast,no big pH influence was detected for chitin *** interactions and chelation can highlight the proposed mechanism of Y^(3+)on chitin adsorbents for the powder and ***,in addition to these interactions,pore filling/pore diffusion is the main mechanism of Y^(3+)removal in the chitin *** aerogel is efficient in concentrating 8 times the Y^(3+)from PG,a very complex *** complex chitin aerogel-Y^(3+)can be a secondary source of rare earth elements for other applications.

关键词： Rare earths Sustainable material Chitin powder Chitin porous aerogel Yttrium adsorption and recovery

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Clinical studies in COVID-related olfactory disorders:Review of an institutional experience

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 129-136页

作者： Theresa Tharakan Dorina kallogjeri Jay f.Piccirillo Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Clinical Outcomes Research OfficeSchool of MedicineWashington University in St LouisSt LouisMissouriUSA

Objective:To share a single institutional experience with clinical research on COVID-related olfactory dysfunction(OD).Data Source/Method:Narrative review of published original data and ongoing clinical trials on COVID-related OD at Washington University from 2020 to ***:There were three new diagnostic-/patient-reported outcome measures developed and *** report five clinical trials of interventions for COVID-related olfactory disorders:combined Visual-Olfactory Training(VOLT)with patient-preferred scents versus standard olfactory training(VOLT trial),oral gabapentin versus placebo(Gabapentin for the Relief of Acquired Chemosensory Experience trial),nasal theophylline irrigations versus placebo(Smell Changes and Efficacy of Nasal Theophylline trial),stellate ganglion block(single-arm),and mindfulness-based stress reduction(MBSR)versus lifestyle intervention(MBSR trial).Conclusions:Initial intervention trials for COVID-related OD have shown potential for improving subjective and objective olfactory ***,there remains no gold standard treatment that definitively outperforms placebo in controlled ***,continued investigation of novel therapeutic strategies for COVID-related OD is necessary to maximize olfactory outcomes for affected patients.

关键词： chemosensory disorders COVID olfactory dysfunction

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Spalling characteristics of high-temperature treated granitic rock at different strain rates

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第4期16卷 1280-1288页

作者： L.f.fan Q.H.Yang X.L.Du The key Laboratory of Urban Security and Disaster Engineering of Ministry of Education Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China

The dynamic spalling characteristics of rock are important for stability analysis in rock *** paper presented an experimental investigation on the dynamic spalling characteristics of granite with different temperatures and strain rates.A series of dynamic spalling tests with different impact velocities were conducted on thermally treated granite at different *** dynamic spalling strengths of granite with different temperatures and strain rates were determined.A model was proposed to correlate the dynamic spalling strength of granite,high temperature and strain *** results show that the spalling strength of granite decreases with increasing ***,the spalling strength of granite with a higher strain rate is larger than that with a lower strain *** proposed model can describe the relationship among dynamic spalling strength of granite,high temperature and strain rate.

关键词： Dynamic spalling characteristics High temperature Strain rate Dynamic loading Granite

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骨骼干细胞表观遗传调控的新证据（英文）

Science Bulletin 2024年第13期 2004-2006页

作者：赵黎明肖骏 Charles k.f.Chan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Department of Surgery Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Skeletal stem cells (SSCs) are crucial for skeletal development and regeneration, yet the epigenetic regulation of these cells remains poorly understood. Recent studies have delineated the epigenetic landscape across the developmental trajectory of SSCs,highlighting the involvement of Ptip in regulating SSC *** skeletal system undergoes dynamic remodeling throughout life. Skeletal stem cells (SSCs), residing within the skeleton and lineage-restricted, serve as a cellular reserve to foster development and maintain skeletal homeostasis. Historically categorized within the broader mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), SSCs have been differentiated due to MSCs’ recognized heterogeneity, which has generated inconsistencies and controversies in the field [1].

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具有BCC或fCC晶体结构的固溶体高熵合金设计

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材料工程 2024年第1期52卷 16-26页

作者： HORBAN V.f. 乌克兰国家科学院弗兰采维奇材料问题研究所乌克兰基辅03680

高熵合金最初报道于21世纪初期,该类合金具有较高的混合熵值,使其具有优异的热稳定性;较大的晶格畸变,产生了强烈固溶强化效果;较大的负焓值导致在晶粒内部形成团簇结构,有效阻碍了位错运动,进一步提高了合金强度。高熵合金独有的这些特... 详细信息

高熵合金最初报道于21世纪初期,该类合金具有较高的混合熵值,使其具有优异的热稳定性;较大的晶格畸变,产生了强烈固溶强化效果;较大的负焓值导致在晶粒内部形成团簇结构,有效阻碍了位错运动,进一步提高了合金强度。高熵合金独有的这些特性,使其在低温和高温条件下均有望表现出优异的物理性能和力学性能,引起了广泛的关注,研究报道呈爆发性增长。本文根据已有的BCC和fCC结构高熵合金物理-力学性能数据,分析了电子浓度、晶格常数、原子错配度、混合焓、硬度、弹性模量和归一化硬度等参数之间的关系,提出了BCC和fCC晶体结构的高熵合金弹性模量和硬度的经验计算公式,在此基础之上,综合考虑合金密度、塑性和服役工况等条件,提出了BCC和fCC结构的高熵合金成分设计方法。最后指出高熵合金的持久性能、大尺寸铸锭的成分和性能均匀性以及大尺寸合金锭的制备是高熵合金工程应用需解决的关键问题。

关键词：高熵合金电子浓度晶格常数晶格畸变混合焓硬度弹性模量归一化硬度

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Proposed numerical and machine learning models for fiber-reinforced polymer concrete-steel hollow and solid elliptical columns

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frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第8期18卷 1169-1194页

作者： Tang QIONG Ishan JHA Alireza BAHRAMI Haytham f.ISLEEM Rakesh kUMAR Pijush SAMUI School of Applied Technologies Qujing Normal UniversityQujing 655011China Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology-BHUVaranasi 221005India Department of Building Engineering Energy Systems and Sustainability ScienceFaculty of Engineering and Sustainable DevelopmentUniversity of GävleGävle 80176Sweden Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology-PatnaPatna 800005India

This study employs a hybrid approach,integrating finite element method(fEM)simulations with machine learning(ML)techniques to investigate the structural performance of double-skin tubular columns(DSTCs)reinforced with glass fiber-reinforced polymer(GfRP).The investigation involves a comprehensive examination of critical parameters,including aspect ratio,concrete strength,number of GfRP confinement layers,and dimensions of steel tubes used in DSTCs,through comparative analyses and parametric *** ensure the credibility of the findings,the results are rigorously validated against experimental data,establishing the precision and trustworthiness of the *** present research work examines the use of the columns with elliptical cross-sections and contributes valuable insights into the application of fEM and ML in the design and evaluation of structural systems within the field of structural engineering.

关键词： elliptical column fiber-reinforced polymer machine learning finite element method ABAQUS

Olefin Polymerization Behavior of Titanium(IV) Complexes with fluorinated and Non-fluorinated Aliphatic Phenoxyimine Ligands

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第1期42卷 52-62,I0007页

作者： Vladislav A.Tuskaev kasim f.Magomedov Svetlana Ch.Gagieva Dmitry A.kurmaev Yulia V.Nelyubina Evgenii k.Golubev Maria D.Evseeva Viktor G.Vasil'ev Galina G.Nikiforova Mikhail I.Buzin Vyacheslav S.Bogdanov Boris M.Bulychev Department of Chemistry M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119992Russian Federation A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow119991Russian Federation Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymer Materials Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 117393Russian Federation

A series of Ti(Ⅳ) dichloride and dialkoxide com plexes with phenoxyimine ligands containing fluorinated and nonfluorinated aliphatic imine fragments have been *** molecular structures of complexes 1 and 4 were established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction *** complexes adopt a distorted octahedral coordination structure around the titanium atom and two oxygen atoms are situated in trans position while two nitrogen atoms and two outgoing ligands(Cl or iPrO) are situated in cis *** of activators(MMAO-12 and combinations Et_nAICl_(3-n)+Bu_(2)Mg) and outgoing ligand(Cl or iPrO) nature on the catalytic activity and properties of the resulting polymers was *** Ti complexes,despite the nature of the outgoing ligands(Cl or iPrO) in the presence of Al/Mg activators,was found to display a high ethylene polymerization activity in the range 1600-3830 kg_(polymer)·mol_(Ti)^(-1)·h^(-1)·atm^(-1) with a viscosity average molecular weight(M_v) value in the range 1.1×10~6-7.1×10~6 Dalton(Da).The resulting UHMWPE can be processed by a solventless method into high-strength and high-modulus oriented *** rheological characteristics of a polymer melt have been *** absence of a cross-over point did not allow to compare the values of the molecular weight distribution of polymers obtained on fluorinated and non-fluorinated pre-catalysts,however,the estimation of the entanglement density is in good agreement with the mechanical characteristics of oriented film *** activation with methylalumoxane,the activity of the com plexes decreased very significantly;however,a polymer with a molecular weight of about 12 million Da was *** the process of ethylene/octene-1 copolymerization,fluorine-containing precatalysts showed a clear advantage over non-fluorinated analogues both in activity and in comonomer content.

关键词： fI catalysts Titanium(IV) (Co)polymerization Al/Mg co-catalyst Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene

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