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Status and challenges of global antimicrobial resistance control: A dialogue between Professors Yonghong Xiao and Takeshi nishijima

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hLife 2024年第2期2卷 47-49页

作者： Yonghong Xiao Takeshi nishijima State key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiangChina Antimicrobial Resistance Essential Medicines and Health TechnologiesDivision of Health Systems and ServicesWHO Regional Office for the Western PacificManilaPhilippines

Antimicrobial resistance(AMR)is one of the top 10 public health threats,which is not only related to human health,but also closely related to animal health and environmental *** health concept and framework are the core strategy to contain *** World Health Organization(WHO)has already issued the Global Action Plan to contain AMR,which includes surveillance,education,stewardship,and innovation of new diagnostics and *** Asia–Pacific region is the most populous area of WHO,and also a region with severe ***,***,a professional officer of AMR control from WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific discussed with Professor Yonghong Xiao(Zhejiang University)about the epidemiology,socioeconomic impact of AMR globally and in Western Asia–Pacific region(WPRO),and they talked the actions and strategies,achievements and shortcomings in the control of AMR during the past years,introduced the initiative of quadripartite One *** outstanding results of China in AMR containment were recognized.

关键词： resistance globally shortcomings

肝外胆管和胆囊癌患者根治性切除术联合体外放疗的重要性

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第4期2卷 9-10页

作者： Itoh H nishijima k kurosaka Y. 纪泛扑 Department of Surgery Kanazawa Medical Center 1-1 Shimoishibiki Kanazawa Ishikawa 920-8650 JapanDr.

The present study sought to identify the therapeutic efficacy of adjuvant external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for carcinomas of the extrahepatic bile duct (EHBD) and gallbladder. Twenty-one patients with pathologically verified EHBD carcinoma and 18 patients with gallbladder carcinoma were analyzed retrospectively by Cox regression analysis for predictors of survival. The overall 5-year survival rates after resection were 33%for EHBD carcinoma and 56%for gallbladder carci noma. The overall 5-year survival rate for EHBD carcinoma was 60%in 8 patients without microscopic residual disease (RO), 15%in 9 patients with microscopic r esidual tumor (R1), and 0%in 4 patients with macroscopic residual tumor (R2). T he overall 5-year survival rate of gallbladder carcinoma patients was also decr eased with R status equal to 73%, 40%, and 0%for RO, R1 and R2, respectively. Adjuvant radiotherapy significantly improved the 5-year survival rate in 7 pat ients with R1 disease of EHBD carcinoma (P = .035), compared with survival in 2 patients who underwent resection alone. However, no significant difference was n oted in the 5-year survival rate between the resection plus EBRT group and the resection alone group for gallbladder carcinoma. Multivariate analysis revealed that histopathologic grade (G) was an independent predictor of survival for EHBD carcinoma and that direct invasion of liver parenchyma was a predictor of survi val for gallbladder carcinoma. This study suggests that curative resection provi des the best survival for patients with EHBD and gallbladder carcinoma, and that radiotherapy may play a beneficial role in controlling local-regional residual EHBD carcinoma tumors. However, new strategies for adjuvant therapy are needed to improve survival in patients with gallbladder carcinoma.

关键词：胆囊癌体外放疗根治性切除术肝外胆管残余肿瘤病理学分级放射治疗残留病灶存活期回归分析

A hydrochemical study of the Hammam Righa geothermal waters in north-central Algeria

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Acta Geochimica 2016年第3期35卷 271-287页

作者： Mohamed Belhai Yasuhiro Fujimitsu Fatima Zohra Bouchareb-Haouchine Abdelhamid Haouchine Jun nishijima Department of Earth Resources Engineering GraduateSchool of EngineeringKyushu UniversityFukuoka 819-0395Japan Department of Earth Resources Engineering Faculty ofEngineeringKyushu UniversityFukuoka 819-0395Japan Laboratoire de Geo-Environnement FSTGAT/USTHB BP 32El-Alia16000 AlgiersAlgeria

This study focuses on the hydrochemical characteristics of 47 water samples collected from thermal and cold springs that emerge from the Hammam Righa geothermal field, located in north-central Algeria. The aquifer that feeds these springs is mainly situated in the deeply fractured Jurassic limestone and dolomite of the Zaccar Mount. Measured discharge temperatures of the cold waters range from 16.0 to 26.5 ℃ and the hot waters from 32.1 to 68.2 ℃. All waters exhibited a near-neutral pH of 6.0-7.6. The thermal waters had a high total dis- solved solids （TDS） content of up to 2527 mg/l, while the TDS for cold waters was 659.0-852.0 mg/l. Chemical analyses suggest that two main types of water exist： hot waters in the upflow area of the Ca-Na-SO4 type （Ham- mam Righa） and cold waters in the recharge zone of the Ca-Na-HCO3 type （Zaccar Mount）. Reservoir tempera- tures were estimated using silica geothermometers and fluid/mineral equilibria at 78, 92, and 95℃ for HR4, HR2, and HRI, respectively. Stable isotopic analyses of the δ18O and δD composition of the waters suggest that the thermal waters of Hammam Righa are of meteoric origin. We conclude that meteoric recharge infiltrates through the fractured dolomitic limestones of the Zaccar Mount and is conductively heated at a depth of 2.1-2.2 km. The hotwaters then interact at depth with Triassic evaporites located in the hydrothermal conduit （fault）, giving rise to the Ca-Na-SO4 water type. As they ascend to the surface, the thermal waters mix with shallower Mg-rich ground- water, resulting in waters that plot in the immature water field in the Na-k-Mg diagram. The mixing trend between cold groundwaters from the recharge zone area （Zaccar Mount） and hot waters in the upflow area （Hammam Righa） is apparent via a chloride-enthalpy diagram that shows a mixing ratio of 22.6 〈 R 〈 29.2 %. We summa- rize these results with a geothermal conceptual model of the Hammam Righa geothermal field.

关键词： Thermal waters North-central Algeria Geochemistry Geothermometry Geothermal conceptualmodel Cold groundwaters

Effects of Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma on Accelerating Acute Wound Healing: A Comparative Study among 4 Different Treatment Groups

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Modern Plastic Surgery 2019年第1期9卷 18-31页

作者： Akio nishijima Takahiro Fujimoto Takamichi Hirata Junko nishijima Department of Medical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Tokyo City University Tokyo Japan Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Clinic F Tokyo Japan

Cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP) has been expected to be effective for wound healing among plasma medicines and has been attracting attention. The aim of this retrospective clinical study was to evaluate and compare the effects of CAP on acute wounds created by a fractional CO2 (FXCO2) laser on four treatment groups. Methods: This study was conducted between September 2017 and November 2018. Radiated surface wounds were created using a FXCO2 laser on four identically-sized regions on the medial side of the left forearm of 12 healthy volunteer subjects, for a total of 48 treatment regions. Each region was then randomly assigned to one of four groups: 1) no treatment (control group), 2) irradiated CAP for 60 seconds (plasma group), 3) topical application of ointment containing betamethasone valerate (steroid group), or 4) two to three sprays of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF group). The primary outcome of the skin was the change in absolute values of lightness index (L*), redness index (a*I) of L*a*b color space, arithmetical mean roughness (Ra), and mean melanin concentration. The secondary outcome was the clinical condition of the wounds, including inflammation, crust formation, and hyper/hypo-pigmentation on the recovering skin surface relative to the surrounding intact skin. Each item was evaluated at post-treatment 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 days and 1 year. Results: Although no significant difference was observed among all groups, the CAP group exhibited more rapid recovery regarding a*I and Ra. No side-effects were observed in the CAP group. Conclusion: CAP is considered to accelerate healing of irradiated wounds via anti-inflammatory activity. Our study confirmed the effectiveness and safety of CAP which is devoid of side-effects of conventional therapies, and may aid in future development of medical plasma therapies.

关键词： Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Plasma Medicine New Energy Device Wound Healing Skin Activation

Beyond Lambertian light trapping for large-area silicon solar cells:fabrication methods

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2022年第9期5卷 14-25页

作者： Jovan Maksimovic Jingwen Hu Soon Hock Ng Tomas katkus Gediminas Seniutinas Tatiana Pinedo Rivera Michael Stuiber Yoshiaki nishijima Sajeev John Saulius Juodkazis Optical Sciences Centre and ARC Training Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials(SEAM) School of ScienceSwinburne University of TechnologyHawthorn Vic 3122Australia Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication ANFF Victoria151 Wellington Rd.Clayton Vic 3168 Australia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringYokohama National University79-5 TokiwadaiHodogaya-kuYokohama 240-8501Japan Institute of Advanced Sciences Yokohama National University79-5 TokiwadaiHodogaya-kuYokohama 240-8501Japan Department of Physics University of Toronto60 St.George StreetTorontoONM5S 1A7Canada World Research Hub Initiative(WRHI) School of Materials and Chemical TechnologyTokyo Institute of Technology2-12-1OokayamaMeguro-kuTokyo 152-8550Japan

Light trapping photonic crystal(PhC)patterns on the surface of Si solar cells provides a novel opportunity to approach the theoretical efficiency limit of 32.3%,for light-to-electrical power conversion with a single junction *** is beyond the efficiency limit implied by the Lambertian limit of ray trapping~29%.The interference and slow light effects are harnessed for collecting light even at the long wavelengths near the Si *** compare two different methods for surface patterning,that can be extended to large area surface patterning:1)laser direct write and 2)step-&-repeat 5×reduction projection *** area throughput limitations of these methods are compared with the established elec-tron beam lithography(EBL)route,which is conventionally utilised but much slower than the presented ***-tral characterisation of the PhC light trapping is compared for samples fabricated by different *** of Si etched via laser patterned mask was~7%at visible wavelengths and was comparable with Si patterned via EBL made *** later pattern showed a stronger absorbance than the Lambertian limit6.

关键词： silicon solar cells laser ablation light trapping Lambertian limit

Examining Modifications of the Noise Generated by Nurses’ Footsteps and the Use of Pass-By Objects: A Pilot Study

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Open Journal of Nursing 2020年第2期10卷 184-193页

作者： Tomoko Shimoda Rei nishijima Sadako Yoshimura Faculty of Health Sciences Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan Department of Health Sciences School of Medicine Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan

A lot of sound can be heard in a hospital. The Ministry of Environment recommends that noise be kept below 50 dBA during the day and below 40 dBA at night to maintain a calm environment inside a medical facility. However, the noise in general wards typically exceeds these standards;therefore, it is necessary to adjust these sounds to foster patients’ recuperation. We examined whether the noise generated by nurses in a simulated ward changes with walking speed and the presence or absence of luggage. Sounds generated by nurses include footsteps and pass-by sound from objects (e.g., wagon, stretchers, wheelchairs, bedside tables, overhead tables, beds, IV poles.). Walking speed was classified into three types: slow (0.5 m/s), normal (1 m/s), and fast (2 m/s). Sound (dBA) was measured by measuring the pass-by sound generated when moving in a straight distance (four meters) in the corridor of a simulated ward. Objects were also compared for their pass-by sound generated with and without a load. Results revealed that normal and fast walking speeds generated louder sounds than did the slow speed (the volume of slow, normal, and fast speeds were 37.0 dBA, 39.3 dBA, and 38.7 dBA, respectively). The pass-by sound of objects increased in volume in proportion to nurses’ walking speed. The pass-by sound of wagons and stretchers was significantly lower when they had (vs. did not have) a load;however, the reverse was true for wheelchairs carrying patient dummies. The sound of footsteps did not change per walking speed. Decreasing walking speed may thus lead to noise modification. Nurses’ awareness of adjusting their walking speed per object use may prevent noise pollution. This study was conducted to obtain basic data regarding the wards’ sound environment. Future studies should consider the occurrence of the sound in clinical settings.

关键词： Hospital Environment Noise Nursing Volume Walking Speed

Diversity of Bacteria Isolated from Crustacea Larvae and Their Rearing Water

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Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao 2003年第1期2卷 49-52页

作者： Haryanti ketut Sugama Toshitaka nishijima Research Institute for Mariculture Central Research Institute for AquacultureLaboratory of Aquatic Environmental Science Kochi University Japan Gondol. PO Box 140 Singaraja-Bali IndonesiaKS Tubun-Petamburan VI Jakarta Indonesia Otsu 200 Monobe Nankoku Kochi 783 Japan

The bacteria in the genus Vibrio are heterothrophic, which exist in the larval rearing water of Crustacea and often show diverse pathogenicities to marine animals. In order to assess the bacterial diversity associated with Crustacean seed production, 32 strains were isolated from black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) and mangrove crab (Scylla paramamosain) larvae and their rearing-water and characterized using biochemical and molecular approaches. Two or more genotypically different species were identified. The vibriosis of black tiger shrimp was caused by V. harveyi, V. alginolyticus and Vibrio spp. predominantly, while that of crab by V. harveyi and V. alginolyticus only.

关键词： bacterial diversity Crustacea Vibrio vibriosis

Noninvasive Fetal Lung Maturity Prediction Based on Amniotic Fluid Turbidity Using Ultrasonic Histogram Measurement Function

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2023年第1期13卷 26-36页

作者： kensuke Matsumoto kaoru Yamawaki kazufumi Haino koji nishijima Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital Niigata Japan

Background: Amniotic fluid turbidity increases with fetal lung maturation due to vernix and lung surfactant micelles suspended in the amniotic fluid. This study focused on this phenomenon and evaluated the presence or absence of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)/transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) by quantitatively assessing the brightness of the amniotic fluid turbidity using a noninvasive ultrasound histogram measurement function. Methods: We included cases of singleton pregnancies managed at the Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital between November 2020 and March 2022. Histograms of amniotic fluid turbidity were measured at the center of the amniotic fluid depth, avoiding the fetus, placenta, and umbilical cord, with the gain setting set to 0, and the average value was obtained after three measurements. Histograms of fetal urine in the bladder were measured similarly. The value obtained by subtracting the fetal bladder brightness value from the amniotic brightness value based on histogram measurements was used as the final amniotic fluid brightness value. Results: We included 118 cases (16 of RDS/TTN and 102 of control). The gestational age of delivery weeks was correlated with amniotic fluid brightness (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was 0.344;p = 0.00014). Amniotic fluid brightness values were significantly lower in the RDS/TTN group than in the control group (RDS/TTN: 16.2 ± 13.5, control: 26.3 ± 16.3;p = 0.020). The optimal cutoff value of amniotic fluid brightness to predict RDS/TTN was 20.3. For predicting RDS/TTN, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 91.7%, 69.6%, 26.2%, and 94.1%, respectively. Conclusions: The quantitative value of the amniotic fluid brightness by histogram measurements may provide an easy and objective index for evaluating the presence or absence of RDS/TTN.

关键词： Amniotic Fluid Brightness Fetal Lung Histogram Turbidity

Assessment of Dissolved Heavy Metal Pollution in Five Provinces of Zambia

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2013年第1期4卷 80-85页

作者： kabunga NACHIYUNDE Hideo IkEDA Tetsuji OkUDA Wataru nishijima Environmental Research and Management Centre Hiroshima University 1-5-3 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima 739-8513 Japan Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation Hiroshima University 1-5-1 Kagamiyama Higashihiroshima Hiroshima 739-8529 Japan

Zambia’s economy is hinged on mining activities with Cu being the main metal. Zn and Pb were mined at one point in kabwe town. There are also known deposits of Co and Mn. The study focused on comparing heavy metal pollution from different regions across Zambia with a view of determining the impact of the stage of social development and economic activities on the environment. The water analysed was obtained near dump sites,farmlands, pit latrines, water reservoirs or dams, major rivers and small streams that traverse Lusaka city and towns in the Copperbelt,and water from several public taps. Analysis revealed that Mn was the largest pollution factor study areas;groundwater both near illegal dumpsites and on-site sanitation facilities did not reveal any severe pollution problems beyond drinking water permissible values (PV). Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson correlation (r) found a strong correlation between Mn, and the two metals - Cu and Ni at r= 0.632 andr= 0.676 respectively. The other parameters (Cd, Cr, As, Zn & Pb) were not a significant factor in explaining the dissolved metal pollution in Zambia.

关键词： Heavy Metals Manganese pollution Copper Mining