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Net effect of air pollution controls on health risk in the Beijing-Tianjin-hebei region during the 2022 winter Olympics and Paralympics

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 560-569页

作者： Changqing Lin Peter k.k.Louie Alexis k.h.lau Jimmy C.h.Fung Zibing Yuan Minghui Tao Xuguo Zhang Md.Shakhaoat hossain Chengcai Li Xiang Qian Lao Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Environmental Protection Department Hong Kong Government SARHong KongChina Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Guangdong-hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Department of Mathematics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina School of Environment and Energy South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China hubei key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution School of Geography and Information EngineeringChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Public health and Informatics Jahangirnagar UniversityDhaka 1342Bangladesh Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Jockey Club School of Public health and Primary Care The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Due to the non-linearity in ozone(O_(3))formation,reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))may increase O_(3) *** the counteractive O_(3) response to NO_(x) reduction,overall impact of air pollution controls can be ambiguous when the assessments focus on the changes in pollutant *** this study,a risk-based method was used to gauge the net effect of air pollution controls on mortality risk in the Beijing–Tianjin–hebei(BTh)region during the 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics(WOP).This mega-event presents a unique opportunity to investigate the efficacy of deep cuts in pollutant *** show that O_(3) concentrations greatly increased as nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))concentrations decreased in the *** to the active photochemical formations,O_(3) became the dominant pollutant that affected human health during the *** the substantial O_(3) increases,the health benefits of NO_(2) reductions overwhelmed the adverse health effects of O_(3) increases in most regions of the BTh(at 81 out of 112 stations).After considering the impacts of particulate matter,the integrated health risk of air pollution mixtures declined almost everywhere in the *** results underscore the great necessity of changing the assessment paradigm of pollution control from using concentration-based methods to using risk-based *** with the carbon neutrality policy,stringent control of NO_(x)emission from combustion sources is a promising way to achieve synergistic control solutions for air pollution and climate change.

关键词： Ozone Nitrogen dioxide health risk Carbon neutrality Mega-events

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Application of MODIS satellite products to the air pollution research in Beijing

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第Z2期48卷 209-219页

作者： Alexis k.h.lau Center for Coastal and Atmospheric Research The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong KongChina

The direct correlation between NASA MODIS aerosol optical depth (AOD) products and the air pollution index (API) in Beijing was found relatively low based on the long-term comparison analysis. The correlation improved to some extent after taking account of the seasonal variation of scale height and the vertical distribution of aerosols. The correlation coefficient further improved significantly after considering the influencing factor of Relative humidity (Rh). This study concluded that satellite remote-sensing could serve as an efficient tool for monitoring the spatial distribution of particulate pollutants on the ground-level, as long as corrections have been made in the two aforementioned processes. Taking advantage of the MODIS information, we analyzed a pollution episode occurring in October 2004 in Beijing. It indicated that satellite remote-sensing could describe the formation process of the ground-level pollution episode in detail, and showed that regional transport and the topography were crucial factors to air quality in Beijing. The annual averaged distribution in the urban area of Beijing and its surroundings could be also obtained from the high-resolution retrieval results, implicating that high-resolution satellite remote-sensing might be potential in monitoring the source distribution of particulate pollutants.

关键词： particulate pollution, MODIS, aerosol.

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Tracking Source Variations of Inhalation Cancer Risks and Ozone Formation Potential in hong kong over Two Decades(2000−2020)Using Toxic Air Pollutant Monitoring Data

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Environment & health 2024年第6期2卷 411-421页

作者： Yee ka Wong Wai Wai Chan Dasa Gu Jian Zhen Yu Alexis k.h.lau Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong Kong 000000China Institute for the Environment The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong Kong 000000China Institute for the Environment and Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong Kong 000000China Institute for the Environment and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong Kong 000000China

Toxic air pollutants(TAPs)are a class of airborne chemicals known or suspected to cause serious health *** study,applying positive matrix factorization and inhalation unit risk estimates of TAPs,quantifies the changes in significant sources contributing to inhalation cancer risks(ICRs)from 2000 to 2020 in hong kong,*** ICR decreased from 1701 to 451 cases per million between 2000−2004 and 2016−2020,largely attributed to the reduction in diesel particulate matter(DPM),gasoline and solvent use-related volatile organic compounds(VOCs),and coal/biomass combustion-related polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and metal(loid)*** regional contribution of VOCs associated with industrial and halogenated solvent sources increased substantially,representing the largest non-DPM ICR contributor(37%)in 2016−2020,stressing the need for a more comprehensive risk evaluation across the fast-growing and densely populated Greater Bay Area(GBA).ICRs in hong kong and the GBA will likely remain over 100 cases per million by *** contributions to ozone formation potential of VOC/carbonyl sources were quantified,which show a notable shift from being solvent/gasoline-dominant in 2000−2004 to being more evenly shared by various sources in 2016−*** a similar TAP monitoring network in the GBA is anticipated to provide the monitoring data needed to facilitate the development of more informed air quality management strategies.

关键词： toxic air pollutant hazardous air pollutant health risk assessment source apportionment ozone formation potential air quality management

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Impacts of pollution heterogeneity on population exposure in dense urban areas using ultra-fine resolution air quality data

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第3期125卷 513-523页

作者： Wenwei Che Yumiao Zhang Changqing Lin Yik him Fung Jimmy C.h.Fung Alexis khlau Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong KongChina Department of Mathematics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong KongChina Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong KongChina Guangdong-hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong KongChina

Traditional air quality data have a spatial resolution of 1 km or above, making it challenging to resolve detailed air pollution exposure in complex urban areas. Combining urban morphology, dynamic traffic emission, regional and local meteorology, physicochemical transformations in air quality models using big data fusion technology, an ultra-fine resolution modeling system was developed to provide air quality data down to street level. Based on one-year ultra-fine resolution data, this study investigated the effects of pollution heterogeneity on the individual and population exposure to particulate matter(PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)),nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2)), and ozone(O_(3)) in hong kong, one of the most densely populated and urbanized cities. Sharp fine-scale variabilities in air pollution were revealed within individual city blocks. Using traditional 1 km average to represent individual exposure resulted in a positively skewed deviation of up to 200% for high-end exposure individuals. Citizens were disproportionally affected by air pollution, with annual pollutant concentrations varied by factors of 2 to 5 among 452 District Council Constituency Areas(DCCAs) in hong kong, indicating great environmental inequities among the population. Unfavorable city planning resulted in a positive spatial coincidence between pollution and population, which increased public exposure to air pollutants by as large as 46% among districts in hong kong. Our results highlight the importance of ultra-fine pollutant data in quantifying the heterogeneity in pollution exposure in the dense urban area and the critical role of smart urban planning in reducing exposure inequities.

关键词： Particulate matter Nitrogen dioxide Ozone Pollution heterogeneity Urban area

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Synthesis of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Application of Retroviral Vectors Mediated Gene Therapy

Synthesis of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Application of Retro...

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中国颗粒学会2004年年会暨海峡两岸颗粒技术研讨会会议

作者： k.-h.William lau David Baylink Shin-Tai Chen Masculoskeletal Diseases Center J.L.Pettis VA Medical CenterLoma LindaCA92357USA) Masculoskeletal Diseases Center J.L.Pettis VA Medical CenterLoma LindaCA92357USA) Masculoskeletal Diseases Center J.L.Pettis VA Medical CenterLoma LindaCA92357USA)

＜正＞Successful gene therapy depends on accurate delivery of therapeutic genes to target sites. In this report, we used magnetic nanoparticles to achieve this goal by developing magnetic Moloney leukemia virus-based （MRV） vectors. The vectors are combined by magnetic nanoparticles with the MRV viral vectors and can be guided to a specific site by an external magnetic filed.

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Use of Data Mining to Support the Development of knowledge Intensive CAD

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厦门大学学报（自然科学版） 2002年第S1期41卷 201-页

作者： k h lau C Y Yip Alvin Wong Department of Industrial and System Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityDepartment of Industrial and System EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityDepartment of Industrial and System EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong ChinaHong Kong ChinaHong Kong China

In order to compete in the global manufacturing mar ke t, agility is the only possible solution to response to the fragmented market se gments and frequently changed customer requirements. however, manufacturing agil ity can only be attained through the deployment of knowledge. To embed knowledge into a CAD system to form a knowledge intensive CAD (kIC) system is one of way to enhance the design compatibility of a manufacturing company. The most difficu lt phase to develop a kIC system is to capitalize a huge amount of legacy data t o form a knowledge database. In the past, such capitalization process could only be done solely manually or semi-automatic. In this paper, a five step model fo r automatic design knowledge capitalization through the use of data mining is pr oposed whilst details of how to select, verify and performance benchmarking an a ppropriate data mining algorithm for a specific design task will also be discuss ed. A case study concerning the design of a plastic toaster casing was used as an illustration for the proposed methodology and it was found that the avera ge absolute error of the predictions for the most appropriate algorithm is withi n 17%.

关键词： Use of Data Mining to Support the Development of knowledge Intensive CAD In kIC

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机动车排放模型的应用及其适用性比较

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北京大学学报（自然科学版） 2008年第2期44卷 308-316页

作者：马因韬刘启汉雷国强李潭峰栾胜基北京大学深圳研究生院城市人居环境科学与技术重点实验室深圳518055 香港科技大学大气研究中心中国香港香港环境保护署中国香港同济大学交通运输工程学院上海200092

运用模型估算城市机动车排放因子及排放总量,是机动车污染控制研究的一个重要方向。目前,在模型使用方面,国内主要借用MOBILE等国外较为成熟的模型,这在我国排放因子计算方面缺乏数据积累、基础研究薄弱情况下不失为一种选择。然而,这... 详细信息

运用模型估算城市机动车排放因子及排放总量,是机动车污染控制研究的一个重要方向。目前,在模型使用方面,国内主要借用MOBILE等国外较为成熟的模型,这在我国排放因子计算方面缺乏数据积累、基础研究薄弱情况下不失为一种选择。然而,这些模型一般根据不同的需要开发,在数据积累等方面具有较强的地域性,难免会与国内实际情况不符。国内现有研究更多集中于对利用模型得到的排放因子进行分析,对模型适用性的研究鲜有涉及。本文从MOBILE,IVE,EMFAC,CMEM,COPERT模型在国内应用的实际情况出发,从模型类型,地域性,数据库的完整性、模型的可移植性和参数可获性这几个方面,比较了这几个有代表性的机动车排放模型在国内的适用程度,指出了在不同地区情况和不同阶段,模型不同的适用范围。

关键词：机动车排放模型模型类型地域性数据库完整性参数可获性可移植性

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Efficient photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to formate by a molecular noble metal-free system

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 152-156页

作者： Lihua Zhang Lingjing Chen huatian Shi Yue Wei Gui Chen Tai-Chu lau School of Environment and Civil Engineering Research Center for Eco-environmental Engineering Dongguan University of Technology Department of Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials City University of Hong Kong

Reducing CO2to carbon-neutral solar fuels can not only alleviate the energy demand but also mitigate the greenhouse *** present,developing an efficient non-noble metal photo/electrocatalytic system for converting CO2to a specific product beyond CO is still a big ***,we report a new cobalt complex bearing 2,2′-bi-1,10-phenanthroline ligand that can photocatalytically reduce CO2to formate （hCOO-）.Turnover number （TON） for hCOO-up to 677 with 99%selectivity can be achieved using organic dyes purpurin as photosensitizer and 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1h-benzo[d]imidazole （BIh） as sacrificial reductant in a CO2-saturated NMP/TEA （v/v,3:1） solution under visible light *** potential electrolysis at-1.41 V （***/Ag Cl） in the presence of 12 m M Et3NhBF4also produced hCOO-with Faradaic efficiency of 39%.Spectroscopic and electrochemical studies suggest that a[CoI-h]species is the key intermediate for CO2reduction.

关键词： photocatalysis noble metal-free CO2 reduction formate cobalt hydride

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Synthesis of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Application of Retroviral Vectors Mediated Gene Therapy

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过程工程学报 2004年第Z1期4卷 122-122页

作者： huan-Chiu ku Ming-Fong Tai k.-h. William lau David Baylink Shin-Tai Chen Department of Physics Ting-Hua University Hsin-Chu China Department of Physics WeFeng Institute of Technology Chia-yi China Musculoskeletal Diseases Center J. L. Pettis VA Medical Center Loma Linda CA 92357 USA

　　Successful gene therapy depends on accurate delivery of therapeutic genes to target sites. In this report, we used magnetic nanopartieles to achieve this goal by developing magnetic Moloney leukemia virus-based (MRV) vectors. The vectors are combined by magnetic nanoparticles with the MRV viral vectors and can be guided to a specific site by an external magnetic filed.……

关键词： Gene Therapy Retroviral Vectors magnetic nanoparticles gene therapy

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珠三角地区海陆风环流的季节性特点

珠三角地区海陆风环流的季节性特点

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第32届中国气象学会年会

作者：陆希 kim-Chiu Chow Teng Yao Jimmy C.h.Fung Alexis k.h.lau 中山大学环境科学与工程学院大气科学系

本文利用MM5模式模拟的2003-2004一年的数据分析了珠三角地区的海陆风和区域环流的季节性特点并给出了四个季节高分辨率风场图。其中风场的季节平均日变化特征揭示了四个季节海陆风的一般规律。珠三角地区的背景风场受亚洲季风控制,秋... 详细信息

本文利用MM5模式模拟的2003-2004一年的数据分析了珠三角地区的海陆风和区域环流的季节性特点并给出了四个季节高分辨率风场图。其中风场的季节平均日变化特征揭示了四个季节海陆风的一般规律。珠三角地区的背景风场受亚洲季风控制,秋冬季节为东北风,春季为东风,夏季为东南风。同时研究结果还表明,四个季节珠江东岸在下午都有比较强的西风,但是最明显的是秋季和冬季。秋冬两季相对于春夏季节大气处于较稳定状态,使

关键词：珠三角海陆风季节变化

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