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Choledocholithiasis: Evolving standards for diagnosis and management

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第20期12卷 3162-3167页

作者： Marilee L freitas Robert L Bell Andrew J Duffy Department of Surgery Yale University School of Medicine 40 Temple StreetSuite 3 ANew HavenCT 06510United States

胆石病，导致外科的干预的最普通的医药条件之一，在美国影响成年人口的约 10 % 。胆总管石病与胆囊石头在大约病人的 10%-20% 发展，文学建议至少经历胆囊炎的病人的 3%-10% 将有胆总管(CBD ) 石头。CBD 石头可以外科手术前地， intrao... 详细信息

胆石病，导致外科的干预的最普通的医药条件之一，在美国影响成年人口的约 10 % 。胆总管石病与胆囊石头在大约病人的 10%-20% 发展，文学建议至少经历胆囊炎的病人的 3%-10% 将有胆总管(CBD ) 石头。CBD 石头可以外科手术前地， intraoperatively 或手术后地被发现多重形式为包括实验室测试，超声，计算断层摄影术扫描(CT ) ，和磁性的回声 cholangiopancreatography (MRCP ) 为胆总管石病估计病人是可得到的。Intraoperative 胆管造影术能习惯性地或有选择地在胆囊炎期间被使用诊断 CBD 石头。为 CBD 石头的最普通的干预是 ERCP。另外的通常使用的干预包括 intraoperative 胆汁管探索，任何一个 laparoscopic 或 open。经皮， transhepatic 石头移动胆汁的清理的另外的新奇技术被设计了。与这些技术灵巧的设备和有技能的专业人员的可获得性在机构之中变化。预定干预被临床的状况经常支配。

关键词：总胆管造口术诊断方法腹腔镜胆管造影

Socio-ecological insights into the development of agrarian professionals

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2013年第4期11卷 352-356页

作者： Mirlaine R.freitas Stella V.B.G.Matias Renato L.G.Macedo Nelson Venturin Department of Forest Sciences Federal University of Lavras

There is a lack of information about the factors responsible for the effectiveness of environmental policies in Brazilian *** study aimed at identifying the perception and practices of agrarian *** data analysis was carried out using a survey and methodological approaches focusing on environmental complexity and categorization of environmental *** analysis was based on descriptive *** problems were perceived as the main problems for the current and next two generations,while hydrological problems were indicated as those deserving most urgent *** the other hand,the main developed actions and those planned to be carried out were classified within the responsibility *** of the reductionist perceptions,introduction of the concept of a socio-ecological system is indicated by means of methodological interventions during the development of agrarian professionals;also,in order to stimulate actions related to the competence and citizenship category,a methodological intervention focusing on resilience thinking is *** actions of individuals with either reductionist or complex conceptions of the environment can be captured and,therefore,educational strategies can be traced based on the profiles obtained.

关键词： environmental perception environmental complexity categorization of environmental practices agrarian professionals resilience thinking socio-ecological system

Femoral Head Autograft to the Iliac for Use in Future Revisions of Total Hip Arthroplasty: 15-Year Follow-Up

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第11期12卷 420-431页

作者： Carlos Roberto Schwartsmann Rafael de Luca de Lucena Ary da Silva Ungaretti Neto Esthefani katherina Mendes Eggers Vinícius Ozuna Sampaio Alonso Ranzzi Leandro de freitas Spinelli Department of Surgery Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA) Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Orthopedics and Traumatology Santa Casa de Misericórdia Hospital of Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Graduate Program of Design and Manufacturing Process Laboratory of Bioengineering Biomechanics and Biomaterials University of Passo Fundo Rio Grande do Sul Brazil

Introduction: The therapeutic success of total hip arthroplasty (THA) is unquestionable. However, in young patients, it is still a controversial topic, not because of the results obtained, but because of the presumed need for revision of the prosthetics components in the future. Objectives: The present work performs a retrospective study of patients who underwent THA surgery in the past, in which the femoral head was transferred to the iliac for use in future revisions of total hip arthroplasty (autograft), and describes the proposed technique. Methods: The research reviewed 27 patients operated on using the femoral head autograft technique for the ipsilateral iliac in total hip arthroplasty, performed from 1996 to 2005;the study considered medical records, X-rays and CT scan images, and photographs taken at the time of surgery. Results: To date, only two revisions of total hip arthroplasty have been performed, in which the patients have benefited from the technique of autografting of the femoral head. No case evolved with infection or any other type of complication. All inserted grafts are consolidated and integrated with the iliac. Conclusion: The autograft technique is cheap, simple and reproducible, making available large amounts of bone for use in future revisions of total hip arthroplasty in young patients.

关键词： Total Hip Arthroplasty Bone Graft Revision of Total Hip Arthroplasty Femoral Head

Nutritional Status and Total Phenols of Passiflora Genotypes Related to Nitrogen Fertilization

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第5期6卷 685-692页

作者： Renata Vianna Lima Almy Junior Cordeiro de Carvalho Paulo Cesar Santos Jalille Amim Altoé freitas Mírian Peixoto Soares da Silva Silvio de Jesus freitas Marta Simone Mendonca freitas Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro Campos dos GoytacazesBrazil

This paper was developed in order to verify the influence of nitrogen fertilization and different genotypes in the nutritional aspect and in the production of total phenols in passifloraceae. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a 5 × 2 × 2 factorial scheme, being five genotypes of Passiflora (three genotypes of Passiflora edulis, a genotype of Passiflora alata and a genotype of Passiflora ligularis), two levels of cow manure (with and without) and two doses of N (20 and 80 g), with four replicates. At 120 days after sowing, levels of foliar nutrient and total phenols were determined. Foliar N content varied depending on N doses, organic fertilization and the genotypes used. Foliar levels of P and k were higher when all genotypes received organic fertilization, while the levels of Fe and Mn were similar regardless of this fertilization. The levels of Ca and Mg were higher related to organic fertilization and the genotypes, in isolation. But the foliar contents of S, Zn and Cu increased only in relation to the used genotypes, and the average foliar content of total phenols found was 19.4 g·kg-1, ranging from 13.1 to 23.2 g·kg-1, being the lowest value observed in Passiflora alata without fertilization with cow manure. It is concluded that the nutritional requirement for N is greater for genotypes of the species Passiflora edulis in relation to the species Passiflora alata and Passiflora ligulares, and that the organic fertilization influences positively in the production of total phenols only for the genotype of sweet passion fruit.

关键词： Fertilization Nitrogen Secondary Metabolites Nutrients

Litterfall dynamics and soil carbon and nitrogen stocks in the Brazilian palm swamp ecosystems

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Forest Ecosystems 2020年第3期7卷 499-510页

作者： Gracielle de Brito Sales Taynan Aquilles Marinho Lessa Daniela Aparecida freitas Maria das Dores Magalhães Veloso Maria Ligia de Souza Silva Luiz Arnaldo Fernandes Leidivan Almeida Frazão Instituto de Ciências Agrárias Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisAvenida Universitária1000Montes ClarosMG39404-547Brazil Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros Avenida Professor Rui Braga S/NMontes ClarosMG39401-089Brazil Universidade Federal de Lavras Campus UniversitárioCP 3037LavrasMG37299-000Brazil

Background: This study aimed to determine the litterfall production, accumulation, decomposition rate and nutrient stocks, and to estimate the soil carbon(C) and nitrogen(N) stocks in three palm swamp ecosystems with different land use intensities in the Southeast of ***: Three palm swamp ecosystems with different land use intensities were evaluated: Agua Doce(AD),conserved area;Capivara(CV), area with small agricultural practices;and Buriti Grosso(BG), area with an intensive land use. Produced and accumulated litterfall from the Cerrado areas surrounding the palm swamps were collected from October 2014 to September 2015, and the Ca, Mg, k, and P concentrations were determined in the dry and rainy seasons. Soil samples were collected in the surrounding Cerrado and within the palm swamps until 100 cm soil depth to determine bulk density and soil C and N contents and ***: Annual litterfall production in the Cerrado surrounding palm swamps was similar in AD(3.58 Mg·ha^-1·year^-1) and CV(3.79 Mg·ha^-1·year^-1), and was lower in BG(2.84 Mg·ha^-1·year^-1), and was more intense during the dry season. Furthermore, litterfall accumulation was higher in CV(7.12 Mg·ha^-1·year^-1) and BG(6.75 Mg·ha^-1·year^-1), culminating in lower decomposition rates. AD showed the highest decomposition rate(0.60) due to its vegetation structure and conservation. The macronutrient contents from the production and accumulated litterfall had a low influence of the land use, decreasing in the following order: Ca > k > Mg > P. Soils in CV and BG palm swamp areas showed higher values of C and N contents, due to the use of land for agricultural crops and cattle raising in an extensive(rangeland) system. The BG palm swamp, showed the highest C(124.03 Mg·ha^-1) and N(10.54 Mg·ha^-1) stocks due to the land use history with different agricultural practices over ***: The litterfall dynamics in the Cerrado surrounding palm swamps was more affected by climatic variables t

关键词： Nutrient cycling Soil fertility Soil organic matter Decomposition rate

Responses of Rice Mini-Core Collection Accessions to Damage by Diatraea saccharalis(Fabricius)Stem Borer

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Agricultural Sciences 2014年第9期5卷 776-784页

作者： Jacqueline Barbosa Nascimento Jose Alexandre de freitas Barrigossi Department of Entomology Faculty of AgronomyFederal University of GoiasGoianiaBrazil Embrapa Rice and Beans Santo Antonio de GoiásBrazil

This study aimed to observe the response of 32 rice accessions to attack of sugarcane borer (Diatraea saccharalis Fabr., 1794). Twenty larvae were placed on the leaf sheaths of rice plants. At 30 days after infestation, the rice plants were cut at ground level and taken to the laboratory to analyse the signs of borer attack, external and internal diameter of the stem and weight of surviving larvae. The results of the morphological traits of the rice plant, response of the plant to insect attack and development of the sugarcane borer larvae indicated a genotypic variation. The accessions that most favored larval survivals were IRAT 124 and MEARIN. Larvae with highest weight (0.0643 g) were found in IAPAR L 99-98 and the largest internal diameters of the rice stem (5.65 mm) were found in LAC 12. These accessions (IRAT 124, MEARIN, IAPAR L 99-98 and LAC 12) remained morphologically grouped with IAC 47, cultivar susceptible to sugarcane borer. The most tolerant materials based on the ability to produce new tillers after larval infestation were BR IRGA 417 and MTU 15. The results of this study indicate that all the morphological traits were able to separate the accessions of rice into different groups in relation to resistance to the sugarcane borer D. saccharalis. These materials can be used as donor sources in pre-breeding for genetic resistance to sugarcane borers.

关键词： Rice Sugarcane Borer Morphological Traits Resistance

Quality of Life before and after the Use of Vaginal Estriol in Postmenopausal Women with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2020年第4期10卷 452-462页

作者： Silvia Veiga Teixeira de freitas Carlos Augusto Faria School of Medicine Universidade Federal Fluminense Niterói Brazil

Background: Nowadays, a substantial number of women spend more than one-third of their lives in the postmenopausal period. It is characterized by a marked decrease in the production of estrogen, which leads to urogenital atrophy. The symptoms stemming from vulvovaginal atrophy and the lower urinary tract are currently referred to as the Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM), which can have a negative impact on the quality of life (QoL). Estrogen replacement is the ideal treatment for GSM, and vaginal administration is the most recommended. Objective: To assess the impact of the use of topical vaginal estriol on the quality of life (QoL) of postmenopausal women with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Methods: This is an interventional, prospective study, performed in 49 women at the Antonio Pedro Hospital, at the Universidade Federal Fluminense, in Niterói, Brazil, from August 2014 to April 2015. It included postmenopausal women with lower urinary tract symptoms who were not using any estrogen hormone therapy, and it excluded those with contraindications for the use of estriol. A specific questionnaire on QoL and urinary tract symptoms, the king’s Health Questionnaire (kHQ), which identifies LUTS and assesses to what extent those symptoms interfere with QoL, has been used as a research tool. Results: The average age was 62.24 years. Urinary urgency and urge incontinence were reported by 91.8% of women. The average scores of the domains of the kHQ decreased in the domains General Health Perception (before: 46.42 ± 21.65;after: 40.81 ± 22.64), Incontinence Impact (before: 74.82 ± 27.66;after: 41.49 ± 30.83), Role Limitations (before: 43.20 ± 32.80;after: 21.09 ± 24.71), Physical Limitations (before: 38.09 ± 32.09;after: 14.62 ± 24.20), Social Limitations (before: 30.38 ± 28.75;after: 12.62 ± 19.85), Emotions (before: 43.31 ± 32.96;after: 20.18 ± 26.41), Sleep/Energy (before: 41.48 ± 37.74;after: 15.98 ± 23.31) and Severity Measures (before: 48.02 ± 24.68;after: 2

关键词： Post-Menopause Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Estriol Quality of Life

Creation and Evaluation of Construction Guidelines Using CFD for Low Pressure Plasma Gas Feed-in Systems to Homogenize the Precursor Gas Flow

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Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics 2016年第4期6卷 391-405页

作者： Gustavo Simiema de freitas Barbosa klaus Vissing Bernd Mayer Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials (IFAM) Bremen Germany Universitä t Bremen Bremen Germany

The local gas-flow behavior is almost unknown for low pressure plasma systems, except parallel plate reactors for semiconductor purposes. To overcome this lack of knowledge, this study starts with the influence investigation of the gas feed-in systems technical layout on the homogeneity of the gas supply for large volume plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) chambers. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are used as a tool to determine velocity and pressure distribution inside the gas feed-in pipe as well as in the PECVD-chamber itself. The parameters varied were: flow rate, pipe length, number of holes, hole diameter and aspect ratio of the pipe section. The calculated pressure values are compared with the experimentally measured ones to validate the simulation results. An excellent conformity of the calculated and measured pressures is observed. With the aim to evaluate the homogeneity of gas distribution through the pipe holes the nonuniformity coefficient (Φ) was created. The results show the influence of each layout parameter in the homogeneity of the gas distribution. Hence in future correct technical layouts of gas feed-in systems can easily be applied. With these results construction guidelines has been formulated.

关键词： Gas Feed-in Systems Gas Flow Distribution CFD PECVD Coating

Human Seroreactivity to Secreted Molecules of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis

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Advances in Microbiology 2022年第3期12卷 150-158页

作者： Ramon Mendes dos Santos Silvânia Maria Andrade Cerqueira Caio Lopez Borge Andrade Gabriel Saldanha Müller Vitória Costa de Menezes Santos Hévlyn Ribeiro de Araújo Samanta Queiroz Rogério Reis Conceição Luiz Gustavo freitas Oliveira Marcos Borges Ribeiro Silvana Marchioro Lilia Ferreira de Moura-Costa Fúlvia Soares Campos de Sousa Maria da Conceição Aquino de Sá José Tadeu Raynal Rocha Filho Soraya Castro Trindade Eduardo Martins Netto Roberto Meyer Songelí Menezes Freire Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biology of the Health Sciences Institute of the Federal University of Bahia Bahia Brazil Specialized Hospital Otávio Mangabeira Bahia Brazil Microbiology of the Federal University of Bahia Bahia Brazil Laboratory of Infectology of the University Hospital Complex Professor Edgard Santos Salvador Bahia Brazil

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is an infectious agent that occurs in small ruminants causing caseous lymphadenitis, and more rarely in humans causing lymphadenitis and pneumonia. The breeding small ruminants have great economic importance in Brazil. Rural farm workers and veterinary students who acquired this disease suffered from weakening symptoms for weeks, and the identification of the etiological agent was time-consuming and complex. Due to the low prevalence of case records, there is probably no available commercial diagnostic kit for C. pseudotuberculosis infection in humans. This study aimed to describe human seroreactivity to secreted antigens from C. pseudotuberculosis. Reactivity of serum from farm workers (n = 14), individuals who work with the bacillus at laboratory (n = 8) or individuals without contact (n = 25) was tested with secreted proteins from PAT10 strain of C. pseudotuberculosis by Western blotting. Samples of all (100%) farm workers showed reactivity to 31 kDa, 71 kDa and 164 kDa proteins, while laboratory workers showed 87.5%, 62.5 % and 37.5%, and no-contact 20%, 0% and 16%, respectively. All sera recognized the 275 kDa protein. Our data suggest that C. pseudotuberculosis secreted proteins are antigenic in humans and the recognition profiles allowed the identification of individuals with and without prior contact with this bacillus. This is the first paper which describes human reactivity to C. pseudotuberculosis in serum samples of workers in Brazil.

关键词： Human Immunoreactivity Antigenicity Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Secreted Proteins Western Blot