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Impact of forest governance and enforcement on deforestation and forest degradation at the district level:A study in West Bengal State,India

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Regional Sustainability 2023年第4期4卷 441-452页

作者： Aishwarya basu jyotish prakash basu University of Burdwan Burdwan713104India West Bengal State University Kolkata700126India

According to the United Nations Environmental Programme(UNEP),the world loses 1.0×106hm2forest land through deforestation *** 1.6×106people who depend on forests for livelihood are negatively affected by deforestation and forest *** paper attempts to study the impact of forest governance,enforcement and socio-economic factors on deforestation and forest degradation at the local level in West Bengal State,*** study was based on questionnaire survey data during 2020–2021 collected from three western districts(Purulia,Bankura,and Paschim Medinipur)where deforestation and poverty rates are higher than other districts in West Bengal *** total number of selected villages was 29,and the total sample households were 693.A stratified random sampling technique was used to collect data,and a questionnaire was *** governance and enforcement indices were constructed using United Nation Development Programme(UNDP)methodology and a step-wise logistic regression model was used to identify the factors affecting deforestation and forest *** result of this study showed that four factors(illegal logging,weak forest administration,encroachment,and poverty)are identified for the causes of deforestation and forest *** is observed that six indices of forest governance(rule of law,transparency,accountability,participation,inclusiveness and equitability,and efficiency and effectiveness)are relatively high in Purulia ***,this study shows that Purulia and Bankura districts follow medium forest governance,while Paschim Medinipur District has poor forest *** enforcement index is found to be highest in Purulia District(0.717)and lowest for Paschim Medinipur District(0.257).Finally,weak forest governance,poor socio-economic conditions of the households,and weak enforcement lead to the deforestation and forest degradation in the study ***,governments should strengthen law enforcement and encour

关键词： Deforestation Forest degradation Forest governance index Enforcement index Illegal logging Logistic regression model India

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Novel CMS lines in pigeonpea[Cajanus cajan(L.)Millspaugh]derived from cytoplasmic substitutions,and their effective restoration and deployment in hybrid breeding

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The Crop Journal 2017年第1期5卷 89-94页

作者： Abhishek Bohra Rintu Jha Indra prakash Singh Gaurav Pandey Shalini Pareek Partha Sarathi basu Sushil Kumar Chaturvedi Narendra Pratap Singh ICAR Indian Institute of Pulses Research(IIPR)Kanpur 208024India

The availability of stable cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS or A) lines coupled with a robust restoration system(R lines) is an essential prerequisite for efficient hybrid ***-enabled hybrid technology holds immense potential to enhance the long-stagnant productivity of pigeonpea. In the present investigation, cytoplasmic substitutions were made in the nuclear backgrounds of early-maturing pigeonpea varieties or lines. Three new CMS lines(ICPL 88039 A, Pusa 992 A, and DPP 3-2A) resulted from genetic crosses involving cytoplasmic donors from A2(GT 288A) and A4(ICPA 2089) categories. In addition to visual inspection of anthers, pollen-staining techniques and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)analysis were used to confirm pollen sterility. Further, given the relevance of the plant mitochondrial genome to CMS manifestation, 25 mitochondrion-specific DNA markers were assayed on these newly developed A lines and isogenic maintainer(B) lines. DNA polymorphism between Pusa 992 A and Pusa 992 B as revealed by the nad7a_del marker confirmed the successful combination of sterilizing cytoplasm(A4) and nonrestoring nuclear background(Pusa 992). Such cytoplasm-specific DNA markers are required for A2-CMS as well. Further, to assess restoration ability, potential restorers were crossed with these CMS lines, and as a consequence, promising A × R combinations exhibiting 100%pollen fertility could be identified. In parallel, we also analyzed the inheritance patterns underlying fertility restoration using ICPL 88039A-derived F2 and BC1F1populations,and established a monogenic dominant model to explain the phenomenon of A2-CMS restoration. In summary, we report the successful development of new CMS lines and describe their effective deployment in hybrid breeding of pigeonpea.

关键词： Cytoplasm Hybrid Mitochondria Pigeonpea Restorer Sterility

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Role of angiotensin converting enzyme and angiotensinogen gene polymorphisms in angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor-mediated antiproteinuric action in type 2 diabetic nephropathy patients

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World Journal of Diabetes 2017年第3期8卷 112-119页

作者： Neerja Aggarwal Pawan Kumar Kare Parul Varshney Om prakash Kalra Sri Venkata Madhu basu Dev Banerjee Anil Yadav Alpana Raizada Ashok Kumar Tripathi Department of Medicine University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital Department of Biochemistry University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital Pt. B. D. Sharma University of Health Sciences

AIM To investigate the role of genetic variants of angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) and angiotensinogen(AGT) genes in the antiproteinuric efficacy of ACE inhibitor therapy in diabetic nephropathy(DN) *** In the present study, 270 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with nephropathy were enrolled and treated with ACE inhibitor(ramipril) and followed at 6 mo for renal function and albumin excretion by estimating serum creatinine, end stage renal disease, and albumin/creatinine ratio(ACR) in urine. Genotyping of ACE I/D and AGT M235 T polymorphisms were performed by using primer specific polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and PCR-RFLP techniques, respectively. RESULTS Forty-eight percent of DN patients(responders) benefited with respect to proteinuria from ACE inhibitor therapy at 6 mo follow-up. A significant reduction in ACR was observed after 6 mo treatment with ACE inhibitor irrespective of whether DN patients were micro-albuminuric(≥ 30 and < 300 mg/g creatinine) or macro-albuminuric(≥ 300 mg/g creatinine) at the time of enrollment. However, macro-albuminuric patients(55%) showed better response to therapy. A reduction in urinary ACR was found independent of genotypes of ACE I/D and AGT M235 T polymorphisms although macro-albuminuric patients having TT genotype showed statistically insignificant increased response(72%). CONCLUSION ACE inhibitor therapy reduced urinary ACR by ≥ 30% in 50% of DN patients and the response is independent of ACE I/D and AGT M235 T polymorphisms.

关键词： Diabetic nephropathy Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor therapy Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system gene polymorphisms Responder Urinary albumin/creatinine ratio Albuminuria

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Epidemiology of dengue virus infections in Nepal, 2006-2019

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2021年第2期10卷 89-89页

作者： Komal Raj Rijal Bipin Adhikari Bindu Ghimire Binod Dhungel Uttam Raj Pyakurel prakash Shah Anup Bastola Binod Lekhak Megha Raj Banjara basu Dev Pandey Daniel MParker prakash Ghimire Central Department of Microbiology Tribhuvan UniversityKirtipurKathmanduNepal 不详

Background:Dengue is one of the newest emerging diseases in Nepal with increasing burden and geographic spread over the *** main objective of this study was to explore the epidemiological patterns of dengue since its ... 详细信息

关键词： Dengue DENV Aedes aegypti Outbreak Nepal Spatial epidemiology

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