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A novel forecasting approach to schedule aggregated electric vehicle charging

Energy and AI 2023年第4期14卷 522-535页

作者： Nico Brinkel Lennard Visser Wilfried van sark Tarek AlSkaif Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development Utrecht UniversityPrincetonlaan 8aUtrecht3584 CBThe Netherlands Information Technology Group(INF) Wageningen University and Research(WUR)Hollandseweg 1Wageningen6706 KNThe Netherlands

To be able to schedule the charging demand of an electric vehicle fleet using smart charging,insight is required into different charging session characteristics of the considered fleet,including the number of charging sessions,their charging demand and arrival and departure *** use of forecasting techniques can reduce the uncertainty about these charging session characteristics,but since these characteristics are interrelated,this is not ***,forecasting frameworks that cover all required characteristics to schedule the charging of an electric vehicle fleet are absent in scientific *** cover this gap,this study proposes a novel approach for forecasting the charging requirements of an electric vehicle fleet,which can be used as input to schedule their aggregated charging *** the first step of this approach,the charging session characteristics of an electric vehicle fleet are translated to three parameter values that describe a virtual ***,optimal predictor variable and hyperparameter sets are *** serve as input for the last step,in which the virtual battery parameter values are *** approach has been tested on a real-world case study of public charging stations,considering a high number of predictor variables and different forecasting models(Multivariate Linear regression,random Forest,Artificial Neural Network and k-Nearest Neighbors).The results show that the different virtual battery parameters can be forecasted with high accuracy,reaching r^(2) scores up to 0.98 when considering 400 charging *** addition,the results indicate that the forecasting performance of all considered models is somehow similar and that only a low number of predictor variables are required to adequately forecast aggregated electric vehicle charging characteristics.

关键词： Forecasting Electric vehicle smart charging Electric vehicle aggregation Virtual battery method

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低渗透水平气井的生产与视频测井

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国外石油动态 2008年第9期 39-44页

作者： D．sark

有效生产测井（PL）技术适用于低速的生产水平气井。自2005年6月至2006年11月期间，对sierra气田的8口井或采用传统生产测井仪器或利用井下视频测井仪器进行了评价。通过传统生产测井仪获得了压力、温度、主要流体密度、单电容、电容阵... 详细信息

有效生产测井（PL）技术适用于低速的生产水平气井。自2005年6月至2006年11月期间，对sierra气田的8口井或采用传统生产测井仪器或利用井下视频测井仪器进行了评价。通过传统生产测井仪获得了压力、温度、主要流体密度、单电容、电容阵列、全径转子流量、管径和伽马射线数据。视频测井则用来收集井的压力和温度资料。生产测井数据证实了液体聚集，然而，不同的测井仪都详细地给出了不同程度的变化。视频测井资料形成了气泡与段塞流过液体的最后影象。

关键词：生产测井仪水平气井视频低渗透测井仪器流体密度数据证实段塞流

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