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Developing three-dimensional groundwater flow modeling for the Erbil Basin using Groundwater Modeling System (GMS)

Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 178-189页

作者： jwan sabah mustafa Dana Khider Mawlood Department of Civil College of EngineeringUniversity of SalahaddinErbil 00044Iraq Vice President in University of Kurdistan-Hawler(UKH) ErbilIraq

This study presents the development of a comprehensive three-dimensional groundwater flow model for the Erbil Basin utilizing the Groundwater Modeling System(GMS).The Erbil Basin,situated in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq,is a vital water resource area facing increasing water demands and environ-mental *** three-dimensional nature of the groundwater flow system is crucial for accurately understanding and managing water resources in the *** modeling process involved data collection,geological and hydrogeological characterization,conceptual model development,and numerical simulation using GMS software MODFLOW 2000 *** parameters such as hydraulic conductivity,recharge rates,and boundary conditions were integrated into the model to represent the complex hydrogeo-logical conditions of the *** calibration was performed by comparing simulated groundwater levels with observed data from monitoring wells across the basin,using the automatic calibration method of automated Parameter Estimation(PEST).Pilot points were applied to adjust the hydraulic conductivity in the model area *** analysis was conducted to assess the influence of key parameters on model predictions and to identify areas of *** developed three-dimensional groundwater flow model provides valuable insights into the dynamics of groundwater flow,recharge-discharge mechanisms,and potential impacts of future scenarios such as climate change and water resource management *** serves as a useful tool for decision-makers,water resource managers,and researchers to evaluate differ-ent management scenarios and formulate sustainable groundwater management policies for the Erbil *** conclusion,this study demonstrates the effectiveness of using GMS for developing three-dimensional groundwater flow models in complex hydrogeological settings like the Erbil Basin,contributing to improved understanding and management of groundwater resources in the

关键词： Aquifer System Erbil Basin Groundwater Management GMS MODFLOW

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Assessment of Nutrients in Seaweed Tank from Land Based Integrated Multitrophic Aquaculture Module

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2017年第8期5卷 137-147页

作者： Sujjat Al Azad Abentin Estim Saleem mustafa Milennie Vialantine Sumbing Borneo Marine Research Institute University Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Malaysia

Aquaculture industry is often generating waste that negatively impact to the environment. These wastes are rich in nutrients. Seaweed can utilize these waste nutrients. This experiment was conducted in a flow-through system (FTS) and a recirculation system (RS) in land-based integrated multi-trophic aquaculture module using seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii as one of the components. The aim was to access the efficiency of the removal of nutrients in the integrated culture. Kappaphycus alvarezii was stocked at the density of 1 kg/tank in the rectangular plastic tank with 500 L of seawater. The waste generated from integrated multi-trophic aquaculture tanks was directed towards K. alvarezii culture tank. Water samples from inlet, outlet and inside of the culture tanks were drawn to determine the nutrients, namely, total nitrogen (mg/L) and total phosphorus (mg/L). Total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the seaweed sample and from the sediment of culture tanks were also analyzed. The total nitrogen amounting to 59.5% and 61.6% nitrogen was taken up by K. alvarezii in FTS and RS culture tank, respectively. The phosphorus showed the highest deposition of 61.1% and 31.6% in the sediment of in FTS and RS culture tanks respectively, whereas only 5.5% and 3.4% of phosphorus were taken up by K. alvarezii from FTS and RS culture tanks, respectively. The percentage of nitrogen remained in water was comparatively higher by 14.2% and 27.5% than phosphorus by 8.3% and 23.0% in water of both FTS and RS culture tanks, respectively. These results indicated that this species seaweed is efficient in the removal of nitrogen from both FTS and RS culture tank.

关键词： Kappaphycus alvarezii Nutrients Removal Flow-Through System and Recirculation System

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Application of Fourth Industrial Revolution Technologies to Marine Aquaculture for Future Food:Imperatives,Challenges and Prospects

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Sustainable Marine Structures 2021年第1期3卷 22-31页

作者： Sitti Raehanah MShaleh Rossita Shapawi Abentin Estim Ching Fui Fui Ag.Asri Ag.Ibrahim Audrey Daning Tuzan Lim Leong Seng Chen Cheng Ann Alter Jimat Burhan Japar Saleem mustafa Borneo Marine Research Institute Universiti Malaysia SabahKota KinabaluSabah88400Malaysia Faculty of Computing and Informatics Universiti Malaysia SabahKota KinabaluSabah88400Malaysia Korporasi Kemajuan Perikanan dan Nelayan(KO-NELAYAN) Wisma Pertanian SabahKota KinabaluSabah88994Malaysia

This study was undertaken to examine the options and feasibility of deploying new technologies for transforming the aquaculture sector with the objective of increasing the production *** of technologies to obtain the expected outcome should,obviously,be consistent with the criteria of sustainable *** is a range of technologies being suggested for driving change in aquaculture to enhance its contribution to food *** is necessary to highlight the complexity of issues for systems approach that can shape the course of development of aquaculture so that it can live-up to the expected fish demand by 2030 in addition to the current quantity of 82.1 million *** of the Fourth Industrial Revolution(IR4.0)technologies suggested to achieve this target envisage the use of real-time monitoring,integration of a constant stream of data from connected production systems and intelligent automation in *** requires application of mobile devices,internet of things(IoT),smart sensors,artificial intelligence(AI),big data analytics,robotics as well as augmented virtual and mixed *** is receiving more attention due to many *** use in aquaculture can happen in many ways,for example,in detecting and mitigating stress on the captive fish which is considered critical for the success of *** the technology intensification in aquaculture holds a great potential but there are constraints in deploying IR4.0 tools in *** solutions and practical options,especially with respect to future food choices are highlighted in this paper.

关键词： Food security Aquaculture 4.0 Digitalization Imitation seafood Sustainable solutions

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Oceans and COVID-19:Perspectives,Reflections,Recovery and Regulatory Frameworks

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Sustainable Marine Structures 2020年第1期2卷 1-13页

作者： Saleem mustafa John Hill Rossita Shapawi Sitti Raehanah M.Shaleh Abentin Estim Zarinah Waheed Madihah Jafar Sidik Chen Cheng Ann Lim Leong Seng Borneo Marine Research Institute Universiti Malaysia Sabah88400 Kota KinabaluSabahMalaysia La Trobe University MelbourneVictoria3086Australia

COVID-19 pandemic has created an unprecedented public health crisis,taken about 1.4 million lives so far,infected almost 70 million people around the world,battered the global economy and paralyzed the normal *** situation is evolving so rapidly that the data on numbers of infections and deaths are changing daily and the economic impacts are difficult to evaluate at this stage and probably will not be exactly known in the near *** is important to determine the genesis of the outbreak to understand the root causes of COVID-19 and to prevent such pandemics from occurring in the *** is believed that the virus originated in a seafood market in Wuhan(China)that was also trading in wildlife for human *** practices are associated with the habitat degradation and biodiversity loss,leading to an imbalance of the natural *** zoonotic spillover of this infectious outbreak is a reflection of the impairment of natural *** and anecdotal evidences demonstrate the significance of marine critical habitats in combating and containing human *** are many other ways in which the oceans can help in human *** addition to providing an analysis of the COVID-19 outbreak,this paper also suggests knowledge-based and informed measures that need to be applied to prevent a repeat of such catastrophic events while highlighting the role of oceans in this *** and strategies for recovering the global economy and ensuring its resilience will require incorporating nature-based solutions and ecosystem *** sustainability of the ocean is a key consideration in the development of a framework for post-COVID-19 recovery and this aspect is the major focus of this paper.

关键词： Ocean solutions pandemic Natural capital Coastal architecture

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