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Morphological Engineering of Sensing Materials for Flexible Pressure Sensors and Artificial Intelligence Applications

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Nano-Micro Letters 2022年第9期14卷 1-48页

作者： Zhengya Shi Lingxian Meng Xinlei Shi Hongpeng Li juzhong zhang Qingqing Sun Xuying Liu Jinzhou Chen Shuiren Liu School of Materials Science and Engineering Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nylon Materials and ApplicationHenan Innovation Center for Functional Polymer Membrane MaterialsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001People’s Republic of China Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhou 352001People’s Republic of China School of Mechanical Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225127People’s Republic of China

As an indispensable branch of wearable electronics,flexible pressure sensors are gaining tremendous attention due to their extensive applications in health monitoring,human-machine interaction,artificial intelligence,the internet of things,and other *** recent years,highly flexible and wearable pressure sensors have been developed using various materials/structures and transduction *** engineering of sensing materials at the nanometer and micrometer scales is crucial to obtaining superior sensor *** review focuses on the rapid development of morphological engineering technologies for flexible pressure *** discuss different architectures and morphological designs of sensing materials to achieve high performance,including high sensitivity,broad working range,stable sensing,low hysteresis,high transparency,and directional or selective ***,the general fabrication techniques are summarized,including self-assembly,patterning,and auxiliary synthesis ***,we present the emerging applications of high-performing microengineered pressure sensors in healthcare,smart homes,digital sports,security monitoring,and machine learning-enabled computational sensing ***,the potential challenges and prospects for the future developments of pressure sensors are discussed comprehensively.

关键词： Flexible pressure sensor Morphological engineering Sensing performance Manufacturing technique Artificial intelligence

Origin of the Chinese cultivated rice(Oryza sativa L.)

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第4期44卷 295-304页

作者： Xiangkun Wang Chuanqing Sun Hongwei Cai juzhong zhang Chinese Agr Univ Beijing 100094 Peoples R China Henan Archeolog Inst Zhengzhou 450004 Peoples R China

The following new research progresses are summarized and discussed, which are related to 3 main problems in origin of rice cultivation in China: 1. new hypothesis of rice cultivation in Chinamiddle Yangtze River and upper Huai River regions; 2. primitive cultivated rice and the strengthen period of domestication; 3. genetic diversity centers of cultivated rice in China; 4. China and South Asia might be two independent systems of origin and differentiation of Asian cultivated rice; 5. morphological classification of common wild rice of China; 6. primitive progenitor of common wild rice; 7. direct progenitor of cultivated rice; 8. present or not the annual wild rice in China; 9. differentiation or not the common wild rice into Indica and Japonica; 10. origin and differentiation of Indica and Japonica.

关键词： rice cultivation of China homeland of cultivated rice progenitor of cultivated rice origin of Indica and Japonica.

The emergence, development and regional differences of mixed farming of rice and millet in the upper and middle Huai River Valley, China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2016年第9期59卷 1779-1790页

作者： YANG Yuzhang CHENG ZhiJie LI WeiYa YAO Ling LI ZhanYang LUO WuHong YUAN ZengJian zhang Juan zhang juzhong Department for the History of Science and Scientific Archaeology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Faculty of Archaeology Leiden University Leiden 2333CC the Netherlands Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology Zhengzhou 450000 China

Mixed farming of rice and millet is one of the basic agricultural modes in the upper and middle Huai River Valley(HRV). According to the latest data, this agricultural mode appeared during the middle and late Peiligang Culture(7.8–7.0 ka BP) in the upper HRV, and then became a common subsistence economy in the end of the Neolithic(5.0–4.0 ka BP) in both the upper and middle HRV. However, it is still not clear how this mixed farming developed in the upper HRV after its occurrence, nor are the regional differences in the development of mixed farming between the upper and middle HRV during the Neolithic completely understood. In this paper, flotation and starch analyses were conducted on samples from eight archaeological sites in the upper and middle HRV. The results indicate that the mixed farming of rice and millet first appeared in the later phase of the middle Neolithic in the regions of the Peiligang Culture, then developed quite rapidly in the late Neolithic(6.8–5.0 ka BP), finally becoming the main subsistence economy at the end of the Neolithic in the upper HRV. However, there are obvious differences in the emergence and development of agriculture between the middle and upper HRV. Rice farming was the only agricultural system during the middle Neolithic, lasting until the end of the Neolithic, when mixed farming appeared in the middle HRV. Furthermore, although mixed farming appeared in both the upper and middle HRV during the end of the Neolithic, the roles of rice, foxtail millet and broomcorn millet in the subsistence economy were not the same. In general, millet was more widely cultivated than rice in the upper HRV, but rice occupied the same or a slightly more prominent position in the middle HRV at the end of the Neolithic. These results are significant for understanding the process of agricultural development and transformation, as well as human adaptation to climatic and cultural variability duringthe Neolithic.

关键词：农业模式混合种植淮河流域上中游大米新石器时代文化区域差异小米

Plant food sources and stone tools' function at the site of Shunshanji based on starch grain analysis

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Science China Earth Sciences 2016年第8期59卷 1574-1582页

作者： YANG Yuzhang LI WeiYa YAO Ling CHENG ZhiJie LUO WuHong zhang juzhong LIN LiuGen GAN HuiYuan YAN Long Department for the History of Science and Scientific Archaeology University of Science and Technology of China Faculty of Archaeology Leiden University Institute of Archaeology Nanjing Museum

The upper-middle Huai River valley(HRV) is located in the transition zone in the middle of eastern China. Previous studies have shown that the past populations in the upper HRV obtained plant food through gathering and cultivation of both rice and millet during the middle Neolithic. However, for the middle HRV it is not very clear what methods were used by humans to obtain plant food in that time. In this paper, starch grain analysis was carried out on 17 stone tools and 29 cauldron pottery sherds unearthed at Shunshanji(8.5–7.0 kyr BP), which is known as the earliest Neolithic site in the middle HRV excavated so far. Here, ancient starches from Coix lacryma-jobi, Triticeae, Oryza sativa, Trichosanthes kirilowii and one unidentified specie were recovered. This study contributes to the limited knowledge of food strategies as observed in the middle HRV. It demonstrates that both gathering and cultivation of rice took place during the middle-Neolithic. Among the identified species, Coix lacryma-jobi appears to have been the main plant food at Shunshanji. Moreover, it is clear that Oryza sativa was not consumed as much as other plant species according to the occurrence frequency of different starch grains. Starch grains were also found on the used surfaces of grinding stone implements as well as pestles, which means that these stone tools were used for food processing. In addition, axes from Shunshanji may also have been used for food processing as well as wood working because starches were also found on the edge of axes. Information about subsistence strategies and tool use at Shunshanji will also be helpful to understanding the utilization of plants and agricultural development in the middle HRV during the early-middle Neolithic period.

关键词： Shunshanji Starch grain analysis Utilization of plants Development of agriculture Function of stone tools

Spatial and temporal distribution of Neolithic sites in coastal China:Sea level changes, geomorphic evolution and human adaption

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Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第2期61卷 123-133页

作者： ZHENG HongBo ZHOU YouSheng YANG Qing HU ZhuJun LING GuangJiu zhang juzhong GU ChunGuang WANG YingYing CAO YeTing HUANG XianRong CHENG Yue zhang XiaoYu WU WenXiang Research Center for Earth System Science Yunnan University School of Geography Science Nanjing Normal University Department for the History of Science and Scientific Archaeology University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

The East China coastal plain is one of the most important Neolithic culture areas in China, where rich archaeological sites including those producing the earliest domesticated rice are observed. It is also a place where landscape has experienced dramatic evolution during the Holocene when both sea level and climate changed, such that it is an ideal place for studying human-environment interaction. This study investigated over 2000 sites of pre-history and Shang and Zhou Dynasties, with 655 of which being Neolithic ages, by using DEM and GIS methods. The results suggest that the spatial and temporal distribution of Neolithic sites has largely been controlled by landscape evolution(particularly changes in coastal line), which ultimately governed by sea level changes. During early Holocene, Neolithic sites sparsely distributed in the intermountain basins of east Zhejiang Province, far from the influence of ocean. Over the period of 9–7 ka, the coastal plain(including the shelf) was largely submerged,only the feet of low hills to the south and southwest of the study area, and islands protruding the estuary, cradled limited number of settlements with characteristic "maritime components". At about 7 ka, sea level rise decelerated prominently, while sediments supply in the drainage remained high value, the combination of which led to land formation and propagation. Vast space during this period facilitated the growth of settlements in both size and number. In the mean time, however, the coastal plain was vulnerable to extreme environmental events such as storms and flooding owning to its geomorphic nature, which exerted great influence on the rise and fall of Neolithic culture.

关键词：水平变化地球形状地点沿海空间时间进化中国

新石器时代前期中原地区文化格局演变及其文明因素萌芽

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南方文物 2023年第6期 21-30页

作者：张居中顾纯光首都师范大学历史学院中国科学技术大学科技史与科技考古系河南大学历史文化学院河南大学夏文化协同创新中心

一、引言文明起源是考古学研究的重要内容,其与人类起源和农业起源被并列为国际考古学界的三大战略性课题。近些年来,随着中华文明探源工程的持续推进,我国文明起源、形成和发展的社会复杂化进程研究取得了显著成绩,并实证了中华民族百... 详细信息

一、引言文明起源是考古学研究的重要内容,其与人类起源和农业起源被并列为国际考古学界的三大战略性课题。近些年来,随着中华文明探源工程的持续推进,我国文明起源、形成和发展的社会复杂化进程研究取得了显著成绩,并实证了中华民族百万年人类史、万年文化史、五千多年文明史及其多元一体、绵延不断的演进过程①。

关键词：考古学研究考古学界中华文明探源工程文明起源新石器时代农业起源多元一体人类史

黄河中下游地区新石器时代文化谱系的动态思考

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中原文物 2006年第6期 18-25页

作者：张居中中国科学技术大学人文与社会科学学院科技史与科技考古系安徽合肥230026

在黄河中下游地区,大体存在四个以名山为中心的文化圈,即以华山为中心的华山文化圈,以嵩山为中心的嵩山文化圈,以太行山为中心的太行山文化圈和以泰山为中心的泰山文化圈,它们同时并存又相互影响,相对独立又渐趋融合,在华夏集团的形成... 详细信息

在黄河中下游地区,大体存在四个以名山为中心的文化圈,即以华山为中心的华山文化圈,以嵩山为中心的嵩山文化圈,以太行山为中心的太行山文化圈和以泰山为中心的泰山文化圈,它们同时并存又相互影响,相对独立又渐趋融合,在华夏集团的形成和中国古代文明化进程中始终起着主导作用。

关键词：黄河中下游地区山地文化圈文化融合

安徽繁昌窑青白瓷微量元素组成的中子活化分析

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核技术 2008年第7期31卷 534-538页

作者：杨玉璋张居中中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程系合肥230026 中国科学技术大学科技史与科技考古系合肥230026

本文用仪器中子活化分析(INAA,Instrument neutron activation analysis)研究了繁昌窑瓷胎中多种微量元素的含量,用SPSS(Statistical Product and Service Solutions13.0)软件对分析数据进行多元统计分析,结果表明:北宋早期至北宋中期,瓷胎中元素Yb、Ta、Hf和Th的含量变化显著,时代特征明显;瓷胎元素的PCA散点图和Cs、Rb等元素含量比值图清楚地显示繁昌窑古瓷胎料化学组成可分为三类,分别与五代、北宋早期和中期三个阶段相对应,说明繁昌窑制瓷原料随时代的推移发生过明显的变化,结合主量元素的分析情况来看,优质制瓷原料的逐渐枯竭是造成繁昌窑瓷业衰落的重要原因。

关键词：繁昌窑青白瓷 INAA 微量元素多元统计分析

河南项城贾庄和后高老家遗址炭化植物遗存揭示的仰韶时期的原始农业

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人类学学报 2022年第1期41卷 85-95页

作者：程至杰齐鸣曾令园张居中杨玉璋李全立西北农林科技大学中国农业历史文化研究中心、农业农村部传统农业遗产重点实验室杨凌712100 中国科学技术大学科技史与科技考古系合肥230026 周口市文物考古管理所周口466000

豫东地区是史前中原文化系统、海岱文化系统等的中介地带,由于这里地处黄泛区且人口密集,史前遗址或被掩埋在地下数米深处,或位于岗地、堌堆之上,后期破坏严重,目前缺乏相关植物考古资料,对史前农业发展的认识并不清晰。本研究对河南项... 详细信息

豫东地区是史前中原文化系统、海岱文化系统等的中介地带,由于这里地处黄泛区且人口密集,史前遗址或被掩埋在地下数米深处,或位于岗地、堌堆之上,后期破坏严重,目前缺乏相关植物考古资料,对史前农业发展的认识并不清晰。本研究对河南项城市贾庄和后高老家遗址开展浮选,获取了仰韶时代中期的炭化植物遗存,其中炭化植物种子主要包括粟、黍、水稻三种农作物和狗尾草属、马唐属、稗属、黍亚科等野生植物,可食用野生植物的核壳来自菱属、芡实、柿属、栎属、桃属等。农作物及典型田间伴生杂草遗存的量化结果显示,两处遗址仰韶时代中期的农作物结构以粟、黍为主,水稻的比重很低,具备黄淮地区稻粟兼作农业的地域性和时代特征。多种可食用野生植物遗存显示了植物性食物资源的多样性。各类植物遗存的绝对数量和出土概率表明,农业在生业经济中占据主体地位,采集野生植物仍然是先民获取植物性食物资源的重要方式。贾庄和后高老家遗址炭化植物遗存分析结果为了解豫东地区仰韶时代原始农业发展状况提供了重要资料,对探索中华文明早期阶段的农业发展状况及其与文明演进的关系有重要意义。

关键词：豫东地区仰韶时代中期炭化植物遗存兼作农业