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Post-hoc power analysis:a conceptually valid approach for power based on observed study data

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General Psychiatry 2022年第4期35卷 266-272页

作者： Natalie E Quach Kun Yang Ruohui Chen justin tu Manfei Xu Xin M tu Xinlian Zhang Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity ScienceUC San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA Department of Orthopedics Emory HealthcareEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA Shanghai Mental Health Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina

Power analysis is a key component of planning prospective studies such as clinical ***,some journals in biomedical and psychosocial sciences request power analysis for data already collected and analysed before acceptingmanuscripts for *** have raised concerns about the conceptual basis for such post-hoc power *** recently,Zhang et al showed by using simulation studies that such power analyses do not indicate true power for detecting statistical significance since post-hoc power estimates vary in the range of practical interests and can be very different from the true *** the other hand,journals'request for information about the reliability of statistical findings in a manuscript due to small sample sizes is justified since the sample size plays an important role in the reproducibility of statistical *** problem is the wording of the journals'request,as the current power analysis paradigm is not designed to address journals'concerns about the reliability of the statistical *** this paper,we propose an alternate formulation of power analysis to provide a conceptually valid approach to the journals'wrongly worded but practically significant concern.

关键词： power approach sizes

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二分类结果组间比较的样本量计算（英文）

上海精神医学 2017年第5期29卷 316-324页

作者： Xunan ZHANG Jiangnan LYU justin tu Jinyuan LIU Xiang LU Department of Statistics University of California Berkeley CA USA Department of Mathematics University of California San Diego CA USA Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation University of Virginia School of Medicine Charlottesville VA USA Department of Family Medicine and Public Health University of California San Diego CA USA Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA

概述:样本大小是临床研究的一个重要参数。然而,把握度和样本量分析对许多生物医学和社会心理调查者来说似乎是一个统计学家的魔术。在本文中,我们继续讨论二分类结果的把握度和样本量的计算。我们再次强调了在建立假设和进行把握度分... 详细信息

概述:样本大小是临床研究的一个重要参数。然而,把握度和样本量分析对许多生物医学和社会心理调查者来说似乎是一个统计学家的魔术。在本文中,我们继续讨论二分类结果的把握度和样本量的计算。我们再次强调了在建立假设和进行把握度分析中调查者和生物统计学家之间密切联系的重要性。

关键词：样本量二分类结果

全局检验与事后检验之间的联系:ANOVA方差分析中F检验结果的一项调查（英文）

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上海精神医学 2018年第1期30卷 60-64页

作者： Chen T Xu M tu J Wang H Niu X Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Toledo Shanghai Mental Health Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University Medical College Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation University of Virginia School of Medicine Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology University of Rochester College of Informatics Huazhong Agriculture University

多组比较在许多生物医学和心理社会学研究中是一种常见的统计检验。当组数为两个以上时,首先对组间的整体差异进行全局检验。如果零假设被拒绝,则接着进行下一步的事后两两组间比较,以确定差异的来源。相反,第一步停止即可声明没有组间... 详细信息

多组比较在许多生物医学和心理社会学研究中是一种常见的统计检验。当组数为两个以上时,首先对组间的整体差异进行全局检验。如果零假设被拒绝,则接着进行下一步的事后两两组间比较,以确定差异的来源。相反,第一步停止即可声明没有组间差异。一个共同认识是如果全局检测结果是显著的,那么至少存在两个组之间是有显著差异的,反之亦然。因此,当全局检测结果显著,但没有事后组间两两比较没有显著差异,人们会感到困惑发生了什么并想知道如何来解释该结果。总之,当全局检测结果不显著时,人们会想知道是否所有的事后检测也都不显著?同样,全局检测结果不显著而停止事后检测是否会导致发现组差差异的丢失?在这篇报告中,我们研究了这个令人费解的现象,并且讨论了如何解释这样的结果。

关键词：全局检测事后检验 F检验图基(tukey)检验

Multiplex PCR for Identification and Detection of Cassava Mosaic Begomoviruses in Togo

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Advances in Microbiology 2023年第11期13卷 517-525页

作者： Senya Sakina Allado Djodji Kossikouma Adjata justin Simon Pita Assion Sétu Mivedor Kodjovi Atassé Dansou-Kodjo Koffi Tozo Laboratoire de Virologie et de Biotechnologies Vé g&eacutetales Ecole Sup&eacuterieure d’Agronomie (ESA) Universit&eacute de Lom&eacute Lom&eacute Togo Laboratory of Plant Virology Universit&eacute F&eacutelix Houphou&eumlt-Boigny P&ocircle Scientifique et d’Innovation Bingerville C&ocircte d’Ivoire Laboratoire de Physiologie et Biotechnologies Vé g&eacutetales Facult&eacute des Sciences Universit&eacute de Lom&eacute Lom&eacute Togo

Cassava mosaic disease (CMD) caused by Cassava Mosaic Begomoviruses (CMBs) is one of the most devastating crop diseases and a major constraint for cassava production. In order to ensure surveillance for epidemic prevention, low-cost diagnostic tools are appropriate for large-scale testing of cassava viruses. Multiplex PCR diagnosis is one approach that can reduce diagnostic costs and delays. A multiplex PCR approach was developed for simultaneous detection of African cassava mosaic virus (ACMV), East African Cassava Mosaic Virus and East African cassava mosaic Cameroon virus (EACMV/CM) in Togo CMD-infected cassava leaves. Three primers pairs were used to target their respective viruses in a single tube PCR. Multiplex PCR detected ACMV, EACMV and EACMV/CM in plant DNA extracts prepared from cassava leaves infected with CMB. The primers amplified 783 bp specific to ACMV, 650 bp specific to EACMV and 560 bp specific to EACMCV/CM in both uniplex and multiplex formats. Multiplex PCR is an excellent tool for the effective control of cassava diseases. .

关键词： Cassava Begomovirus CMD CMB EACMV/CM PCR Multiplex

East African Cassava Mosaic Virus and East African Cassava Mosaic Cameroon Virus: Two Species Emerging in Togo

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第8期15卷 864-876页

作者： Senya Sakina Allado Kossikouma Djodji Adjata justin Simon Pita Kodjovi Atassé Dansou-Kodjo Assion Sétu Mivedor Koffi Tozo Laboratoire de Virologie et de Biotechnologies Vgtales Ecole Suprieure dAgronomie (ESA) Universit de Lom Lom Togo Laboratory of Plant Virology Universit Flix Houphout-Boigny Ple Scientifique et dInnovation Bingerville Cte dIvoire Laboratoire de Physiologie et Biotechnologies Vgtales Facult des Sciences Universit de Lom Lom Togo

Cassava mosaic disease (CMD) caused by the whitefly-transmitted Begomoviruses (family Geminiviridae) is a major threat to production of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in Togo. Survey was conducted in 2020 in the 5 agroecological zones of Togo to assess the status of East African cassava mosaic virus (EACMV), East African cassava mosaic Cameroon virus (EACMCMV) and its distribution. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Sanger sequencing were used for the detection of cassava mosaic Begomoviruses (CMBs) in the sampled leaves. The incidence of EACMV was 47.93% (278/580) and varied between 41.30% (Zone V) and 62.29% (Zone IV) across the agroecological zone but no significant difference was observed. The EACMCMV incidence was 13.67% (38/278) and varied significantly (p ≤ 0.001) through the agroecological zone. Phylogenetic analysis of the viral isolates showed that they are closely related to those from Nigeria, Ghana, and Ivory coast. Nucleotide sequence analysis of CP revealed an overall genetic diversity (π) of around 3.4%. These results showed that EACMV was the predominant virus and that EACMCMV incidence could be more widespread in Togo.

关键词： Begomovirus PCR EACMV EACMCMV Togo Genetic Diversity

On the quality requirements of demand prediction for dynamic public transport

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Communications in Transportation Research 2021年第1期1卷 50-60页

作者： Inon Peled Kelvin Lee Yu Jiang justin Dauwels Francisco C.Pereira Danmarks Tekniske Universitet(Dtu) TechnologyManagement and Economics Dept.Kgs.Lyngby2800Denmark Nanyang Technological University(Ntu) Graduate College50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore637553 Delft University of Technology(tu Delft) Microelectronics Dept.2600Netherlands

As Public Transport(PT)becomes more dynamic and demand-responsive,it increasingly depends on predictions of transport *** how accurate need such predictions be for effective PT operation?We address this question through an experimental case study of PT trips in Metropolitan Copenhagen,Denmark,which we conduct independently of any specific prediction ***,we simulate errors in demand prediction through unbiased noise distributions that vary considerably in *** the noisy predictions,we then simulate and optimize demand-responsive PT fleets via a linear programming formulation and measure their *** results suggest that the optimized performance is mainly affected by the skew of the noise distribution and the presence of infrequently large prediction *** particular,the optimized performance can improve under non-Gaussian *** *** also find that dynamic routing could reduce trip time by at least 23%*** *** reduction is estimated at 809,000€/year in terms of Value of Travel Time Savings for the case study.

关键词： Dynamic public transport Demand forecasting Non-Gaussian noise Predictive optimization

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Molecular Plant 2012年第1期5卷 115-130页

作者： Stefanie Ranf Julia Grimmer Yvonne P6schl Pascal Pecher Delphine Chinchilla Dierk Scheel justin Lee Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry Stress and Developmental Biology Weinberg 3 D-06120 Halle Germanyb Present address： Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Weinbergweg 22 D-06120 Halle Germany Institute of Computer Science Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Von-Seckendorff-Platz 1 D-06120 Halle Germany Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center Botanical Institute University of Basel Hebelstrasse 1 4056 Basel Switzerland

Calcium acts as a second messenger for signaling to a variety of stimuli including MAMPs （Microbe-Associated Molecular Patterns）, such as fig22 and elf18 that are derived from bacterial flagellin and elongation factor tu, respectively. Here, Arabidopsis thaliana mutants with changed calcium elevation （cce） in response to fig22 treatment were isolated and characterized. Besides novel mutant alleles of the fig22 receptor, FLS2 （Flagellin-Sensitive 2）, and the receptor-associated kinase, BAK1 （Brassinosteroid receptor 1-Associated Kinase 1）, the new cce mutants can be categorized into two main groups--those with a reduced or an enhanced calcium elevation. Moreover, cce mutants from both groups show differ- ential phenotypes to different sets of MAMPs. Thus, these mutants will facilitate the discovery of novel components in early MAMP signaling and bridge the gaps in current knowledge of calcium signaling during plant-microbe interactions. Last but not least, the screening method is optimized for speed （covering 384 plants in 3 or 10 h） and can be adapted to genetically dissect any other stimuli that induce a change in calcium levels.

关键词： Calcium signaling/transport defense responses plant-microbe interactions signal transduction Arabidopsis.

CEPC Technical Design Report

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2024年第1期8卷 I0003-I0016,1-1091页

作者： Waleed Abdallah Tiago Carlos Adorno de Freitas Konstantin Afanaciev Shakeel Ahmad Ijaz Ahmed Xiaocong Ai Abid Aleem Wolfgang Altmannshofer Fabio Alves Weiming An Rui An Daniele Paolo Anderle Stefan Antusch Yasuo Arai Andrej Arbuzov Abdesslam Arhrib Mustafa Ashry Sha Bai Yu Bai Yang Bai Vipul Bairathi Csaba Balazs Philip Bambade Yong Ban Tripamo Bandyopadhyay Shou-Shan Bao Desmond P.Barber Ayse Bat Varvara Batozskaya Subash Chandra Behera Alexander Belyaev Michele Bertucci Xiao-Jun Bi Yuanjie Bi Tianjian Bian Fabrizio Bianchi Thomas Biekotter Michela Biglietti Shalva Bilanishvili Deng Binglin Denis Bodrov Anton Bogomyagkov Serge Bondarenko Stewart Boogert Maarten Boonekamp Marcello Borri Angelo Bosotti Vincent Boudry Mohammed Boukidi Igor Boyko Ivanka Bozovic Giuseppe Bozzi Jean-Claude Brient Anastasiia Budzinskaya Masroor Bukhari Vladimir Bytev Giacomo Cacciapaglia Hua Cai Wenyong Cai Wujun Cai Yijian Cai Yizhou Cai Yuchen Cai Haiying Cai Huacheng Cai Lorenzo Calibbi Junsong Cang Guofu Cao Jianshe Cao Antoine Chance Xuejun Chang Yue Chang Zhe Chang Xinyuan Chang Wei Chao Auttakit Chatrabhuti Yimin Che Yuzhi Che Bin Chen Danping Chen Fuqing Chen Fusan Chen Gang Chen Guoming Chen Hua-Xing Chen Huirun Chen Jinhui Chen Ji-Yuan Chen Kai Chen Mali Chen Mingjun Chen Mingshui Chen Ning Chen Shanhong Chen Shanzhen Chen Shao-Long Chen Shaomin Chen Shiqiang Chen Tianlu Chen Wei Chen Xiang Chen Xiaoyu Chen Xin Chen Xun Chen Xurong Chen Ye Chen Ying Chen Yukai Chen Zelin Chen Zilin Chen Gang Chen Boping Chen Chunhui Chen Hok Chuen Cheng Huajie Cheng Shan Cheng Tongguang Cheng Yunlong Chi Pietro Chimenti Wen Han Chiu Guk Cho Ming-Chung Chu Xiaotong Chu Ziliang Chu Guglielmo Coloretti Andreas Crivellin Hanhua Cui Xiaohao Cui Zhaoyuan Cui Brunella D'Anzi Ling-Yun Dai Xinchen Dai Xuwen Dai Antonio De Maria Nicola De Filippis Christophe De La Taille Francesca De Mori Chiara De Sio Elisa Del Core Shuangxue Deng Wei-Tian Deng Zhi Deng Ziyan Deng Bhupal Dev Tang Dewen Biagio Di Micco Ran Ding Siqin Dingl Yadong Ding Haiyi Dong Jianin AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer ScienceKrakow Anhui University HefeiAnhui Applied Physics Department Federal Urdu University of ArtsScience and TechnologyIslamabad Banaras Hindu University Institute of ScienceVaranasi Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University Bandirma Beihang University Beijing Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing Beijing Conveyi LTD Beijing Beijing Glass Research Institute Co. LtdBeijing Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing Beijing Normal University Beijing Brown University ProvidenceRI Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics Novosibirsk Cadi Ayyad University Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied PhysicsPolydisciplinary FacultyMarrakech Cairo University Giza Center for Theory and Computation National Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu Central China Normal University WuhanHubei Central South University ChangshaHunan Centro de Fisica Teorica de Particulas Universidade Tecnica de LisboaLisboa Chengdu KaitengSifang Digital Radio&TV Equipment Co. LtdChengduSichuan China academy of engineering physics MianyangSichuan China building materials academy Beijing China Center of Advanced Science and Technology Beijing China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing China Jiliang University HangzhouZhejiang China Nuclear Instrument CO. LTDBeijing China University of Geosciences Beijing China University of Geosciences WuhanHubei China University of Mining and Technology XuzhouJiangsu China West Normal University NanchongSichuan Chongqing University Department of PhysicsChongqing Chulalongkorn University Bangkok City University of Hong Kong Department of PhysicsHong Kong Cockcroft Institute Daresbury Cornell University IthacaNY CPPM(AMU/IPhU&CNRS/INP) Marseille Dalian Minzu University DalianLiaoning Dalian University of Technology Department of PhysicsDalian Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Hamburg Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems of Joint Institute for Nuclear Research(DLNP JINR) Dubna East China University Of Science And Technol

The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international *** complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs *** its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs *** the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of *** Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2015)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering ***,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection *** is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 *** commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.

关键词： initiated exceeding precise