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Prostate Cancer: Risk Factors and Outcome Indicators

Surgical Science 2022年第8期13卷 381-400页

作者： Cyril Kamadjou Annie Kameni Wadeu Jerry Kuitche Achille Mbassi justin kamga Fru Angwafo Medico Surgical Center of Urology and Mini Invasive Surgery Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Surgery and Specialties University of Douala Douala Cameroon Yaoundé Medical and Technology Institute Yaoundé Cameroon Yaoundé General Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Coordinator Urology Residency Program Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: Prostate cancer, which is the second most frequent cancer diagnosis made in men, more commonly occurs in the elderly. This disease is often diagnosed late in resource-limited settings, which results in people having advanced forms of the disease and a poor prognosis. This study aimed to identify factors indicative of prostate cancer aggressivity and a poor prognosis in patients with prostate cancer at a single center in Douala, Cameroon. Methods: We performed a retrospective study from 2015 to 2020 at the Centre medico-chirugical d’urologie in Douala, Cameroon, in which we included 203 patients aged 41 years to 85 years who had prostate cancer diagnosed via histopathology after either prostate biopsyor laparoscopic prostatectomy. Epi-info 7 was used for data analysis and logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with prostate cancer aggressivity and patients’ outcomes (survival or mortality). Results: The mean age of our study participants was 64.76 ± 7.48 years. Ten patients had a contributive family history of prostate cancer. The patients presented with lower urinary tract symptoms in 61.58% of cases. All patients had serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels of >4 ng/ml, 100 patients were anemic, and 36 patients had aggressive forms of the disease. Eighty-eight patients had remarkable digital rectal examination (DRE) findings. The median prostate volume, as determined via transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS), was 59 [43 - 80] ml. Fifty-nine patients had abnormal prostate echostructures, and 33 patients died during follow-up. The presence of paraplegia and the practice of professions requiring unskilled labor were significantly associated with aggressive prostate cancer. The presence of lymphoedema, abnormal DRE findings, anemia, enlarged prostate glands (prostate volume >50 ml), and abnormal prostatic echostructures were significantly associated with both prostate cancer aggressivity and patients’ outcomes. Conclusio

关键词： Aggressive Prostate Cancer Early Diagnosis Transrectal Ultrasonography Prostate Biopsy Prognosis

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Diagnosis and Management of Prostate Cancer in Urology

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Open Journal of Urology 2018年第5期8卷 161-165页

作者： Cyril Kamadjou Kimassoum Rimtebaye Divine Eyongeta Annie Kameni justin kamga Bertin Njinou Medico-Surgical Center of Urology and Mini Invasive Surgery Douala Cameroon National General Referal Hospital N’Djamena Chad Regional Hospital Limbe Cameroon General Hospital Yaounde Cameroon

Introduction: Describe the diagnostic approach and management of prostate cancer at the medico-surgical center of urology in Douala, Cameroon. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive retrospective study reviewing 100 patient’s records suffering of prostate cancer from January 2011 to December 2015. The studied variables were clinical, paraclinical and therapeutic. Results: The mean age was 65 years with extrems of 50 and 85. Rectal examination was suggestive in 63 cases. 7 patients had a family history. The average PSA rate was 43.23 ng/ml. Histology has concluded to an adenocarcinoma in all patients. The gleason score was equal or greater than to 7 for 53 patients (53%). The extended assessment revealed distant metastasis for 43 patients. The treatment was: surveillance (n = 33), total laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (n = 24), surgical hormone therapy (n = 10), medical hormone therapy (n = 28) and chemotherapy coupled with hormone therapy (n = 5). Conclusion: Prostate cancer is common in Douala;its diagnosis is made late. Radical treatment is possible for localized cancers, hence the interest of early detection.

关键词： Prostate Cancer Adenocarcinoma Prostatectomy Hormone Therapy

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Epidemiological, Clinical and Therapeutic Profile of Obstructive Renal Failure

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Open Journal of Urology 2018年第4期8卷 89-92页

作者： Kimassoum Rimtebaye Cyril Kamadjou Divine Eyongeta Annie Kameni justin kamga Bertin Njinou National General Referal Hospital N’Djamena Chad Medico-surgical Center of Urology and Mini Invasive Surgery Douala Cameroon Regional Hospital Limbe Cameroon General Hospital Yaounde Cameroon

Aim: To describe the epidemiological, clinical, etiologic and therapeutic aspects of patients with acute obstructive renal failure at the Medical Surgical Center of Urology (MSCU). Materials and methods: this was a descriptive retrospective study of 106 patient records treated for acute renal failure from January 2012 to December 2016. Patients came for spontaneous consultation or were referred. They had benefited from a clinical and paraclinical assessment at the end of which the diagnosis of acute renal failure was retained and then an effective management at the MSCU. The variables studies were clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and progressive. The treatment included: hemodialysis, urinary diversion (suprapubic, urethrovesical and ureteral), trans-urethral resection of the prostate, trans-urethral resection of the bladder, nephrostomy, endoscopic incision of catheter valves, posterior urethra or laparoscopic nephroureterectomy as indicated. The emergency treatments consisted of removing the obstacle and the etiological treatment was done later. External follow-up consultation varied by etiology. Results: In 4 years we had treated 106 patients, a frequency of 26.5%. The average age was 47.83 years with extreme of 2 and 80 years old. The sex ratio was 68 men for 38 women. The mean serum creatinine level was 37.8 mg/l (335 μmol/l). The etiologies were: prostatic pathologies (n = 38), lithiasic pathologies (n = 20) and gynecological pathologies (n = 18). The treatments were: endoscopic resection of prostate (n = 24), bladder (n = 6), posterior urethral valves (n = 4), JJ probe (n = 27) and nephrostomy (n = 23). The result was good (normalization of creatinine serum) in 79 patients, the persistence of elevated serum creatinine was observed in 4 patients and 18 patients died. Conclusion: Acute obstructive renal failure is a common diagnosis in our exercise setting at MSCU where it can be managed with respect to our technical platform.

关键词： Renal Failure Nephrostomy Creatinine Endoscopic Resection

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Management of the Valves of the Posterior Urethra in Urology

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Open Journal of Urology 2018年第5期8卷 166-170页

Aim: Describe the clinical, radiological and management of patients with posterior urethral valves. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study over a period going from January 2011 to December 2016, reviewing 12 cases of patients treated for valves of the urethra posterior to the medical surgical center of urology in Cameroon at Douala. The variables studied were clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary. Results: In 5 years, we had diagnosed and treated 12 cases of posterior urethral valves, an average of 2.4 per year. The average age of patients was 41.6 months with extrems of 3 and 156 months. The reason for consultation was dominated by urinary tract infections. Urethrocystography and echography were performed in all patients and allowed to objectify a bilateral ureterohydronephrosis, a diverticular bladder in 9 cases and 4 cases of vesico-ureteral reflux, including a grade 4 according to the classification of Cendron, 8 patients suffered from acute urinary failure. Renal scintigraphyrealised on 3 patients had as objective in 1 patient the existence of a disfunctioning kidney. The treatment consisted of an endoscopic incision of the valves (n = 8), a vesicostomy (n = 3) and an iterative urethral dilatation with double J catheter placement (n = 1). The evolution was favorable (n = 7), and 5 cases of death were recorded. Conclusion: The endoscopic incision is the gold-standard of the treatment of the valves of the posterior urethra. The vesicostomy is an alternative in the absence of adequate technical platform. Despite adequate support, the prognosis remains burdened with significant mortality.

关键词： Valves of the Urethra Vesicostomy Endoscopic Incision Renal Failure

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Transperitoneal Laparoscopic Cystoprostatectomy for Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: Results and Oncologic Outcomes in a Single Center in Douala Cameroon

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Surgical Science 2022年第11期13卷 529-540页

作者： Cyril Kamadjou Divine Enoru Eyongeta Annie Wadeu Kameni Herve Moby Mpah justin kamga Bertin Njinou Ngninkeu Fru Angwafo Medico Surgical Center of Urology and Mini Invasive Surgery Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Surgery and Specialities University of Douala Douala Cameroon Regional Hospital Limbe Limbe Cameroon General Hospital Yaounde Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde Yaounde Cameroon

Background and Aim: Radical cystectomy is the treatment of choice for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Although open surgery is currently the gold standard for this procedure, it can also be done via laparoscopy. We aimed to evaluate the oncologic results and the place of laparoscopic cystectomy in the management of bladder cancer in a single urology center in Douala, Cameroon. Patients and Methods: This is a prospective, single-center study carried out from 2015 to 2019. We included 12 patients (ten men and two women) with bladder cancer who underwent total radical laparoscopic transperitoneal cystectomy with ilio-obturator lymph node dissection. Data on patients’ demographic characteristics, pre-operative and postoperative clinical parameters and workup results, and surgical outcomes were collected to determine the overall survival using a Kaplan-Meier curve. Results: We recruited ten men and two women with a median age of 61.5 [52.8 - 68.5] years. The mean tumor diameter was 3.75 ± 1.06 cm. Three (25%) patients received adjuvant chemotherapy while eight did not. The mean surgery duration was 242 ± 45.85 minutes. Blood vessels and nerves were preserved in four (33.33%) patients during surgery. Transitional cell carcinoma was found in 10 (83.33%) patients while epidermoid carcinoma was found in two (16.67%) patients. Metastasis occurred in four (33.33%) patients while the tumor recurred in two (16.67%) patients who later died. Bricker’s ileal conduit urinary diversion was performed in 10 (83.33%) patients while the Studer neobladder was used in two (16.67%) patients. The mean duration of hospitalization was 6 ± 1.48 days. Only one patient (8.33%) developed a postoperative complication. Six (50%) of the patients died while six survived. The median overall survival was 486 days and the five-year overall survival rate was 46.47%. Conclusion: Laparoscopic cystectomy is a mini-invasive technique associated with good cancer control. When performed by well-trained staff us

关键词： Laparoscopic Radical Cystectomy Bladder Cancer Overall Survival Urinary Diversion

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Astrocytes integrate time and space

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 467-468页

作者： justin Lines Department of Biological Sciences Columbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA

Astrocytes read and react to synaptic transmission through tripartite synapses,where the binding of neurotransmitters onto astrocytic receptors triggers an increase in intracellular *** investigations have revealed that astrocytes exhibit two distinct states of intracellular calcium activity:(1)graded subcellular localized clusters with independently active microdomains,likely influenced by nearby synaptic events,and(2)whole-cell astrocyte calcium surges,believed to result from the coordinated activation of multiple ***,astrocyte calcium responses are not solely graded;instead,a spatial threshold of intracellular calcium activity can be overcome to elicit an astrocyte calcium *** these calcium responses,in turn,initiate downstream signaling pathways capable of modifying synaptic communication and overall network *** summary,astrocytes can function as integrators of local synaptic events,actively contributing to information processing within the brain.

关键词： graded integrate instead

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Results of Adults Laparoscopic Varicocelectomy in a Limited Setting: A Study in Yaoundé(Cameroon)

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Open Journal of Urology 2021年第12期11卷 443-451页

作者： Landry Oriole Mbouché Guy Aristide Bang Axel Stéphane Nwaha Makon Frantz Guy Epoupa Ngallé Eric Patrick Savom Roland Metomo Junior Mekeme Mekeme Achille Aurèle Mbassi justin kamga Blondel Nana Oumarou Department of Surgery and Specialities Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Yaoundé Cameroon The National Insurance Fund Health Center of Essos Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: Varicocele is an abnormal dilation and tortuosity of the internal spermatic veins within the pampiniform plexus veins draining the testicle. The principle of varicocele treatment is to block the reflux in the internal spermatic vein while preserving the internal spermatic artery, lymphatics and vas deferens. Treatment can be performed through percutaneous venous embolization or surgical correction, either open or laparoscopic approach. The purpose of the study was to review our experience in the management of laparoscopic varicocele repair and to assess the outcomes after operation. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed files of patients who underwent laparoscopic varicocelectomy from January 2010 to December 2009 in three health center of Yaoundé (Cameroon). Clinical and diagnosis features of varicocele, indication for surgery, operative procedure and outcomes, as well as long-term follow-up of were analyzed. Results: A total of 74 file of patients were collected. The average age of patients was 36.93 years old. Among them, 43 (58.11%) had varicocele grade 1, 21 (28.38%) grade 2, and 2 (2.70%) grade 3. Fifty-four (72.97%) cases had bilateral varicocele, 17 (22.97%) and 3 (4.05%) patients had left and right varicocele respectively. 42(56.7%) patients complained for fertility problem. Scrotal pain was found in 26 (35.13%) cases. The pneumoperitoneum was achieved in all cases through a supra-umbilical open coelioscopy with the insertion of a 10 mm-optic port. Two 5 mm working ports were used in all cases. Dilated veins were clipped without section simple in 56 cases (75.68%). the mean operative time was 31.9 min ± 8.6 min. With a mean follow-up period of 27 months, we recorded 4.05% of recurrence and hydrocele in 1 case (1.35%), symptoms’ regression in 87% of cases and pregnancy in 65.9% of cases of infertility. Conclusion: Laparoscopic varicocelectomy is feasible

关键词： Varicocele Laparoscopy Fertility Pain

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Ultra-processed food,obesity,and colon cancer:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2025年第2期17卷 262-271页

作者： justin Tin Henry Lee Alfonso Gonzalez Trejo Kevin Tin Department of Gastroenterology Newtown GastroenterologyElmhurstNY 11373United States New York Institute of Technology Old WestburyNY 11568United States Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA 15289United States National Autonomous University of Mexico Mexico 04510Ciudad de MéxicoMexico

BACKGROUND Recently,there has been a significant increase in the consumption of ultraprocessed foods ***,the association between the consumption of ultra-processed food,obesity,and the prevalence of colon cancer remains *** To find out the association between the consumption of ultra-processed food,obesity,and the prevalence of colon *** A comprehensive systematic literature search of PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,and Google Scholar for grey literature was done for articles published before 8th March *** search was done to retrieve potential peer-reviewed articles that explored the association between the consumption of ultra-processed food,obesity,and the prevalence of colon *** Of the 246 potential articles assessed,17 met the inclusion ***-analysis results demonstrated that high consumption of ultra-processed food is associated with an increased risk of obesity[odds ratio(OR):1.65;95%CI:1.07-2.45;P0.05).CONCLUSION Consuming ultra-processed foods increases the risk of obesity and colon cancer.

关键词： Ultra-processed food Ultra-processed Obesity Colon cancer Colorectal cancer Diet Oxidative stress Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Population,intervention,comparison,primary outcomes,study design

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Recognizing Potential

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空中英语教室(高级版.彭蒙惠英语) 2025年第2期 8-9,39,40页

作者： justin Bariso 不详

Shark Tank star Barbara Corcoran is a multimillionaire who came from small *** grew up as one of 10 children with her parents in a two bedroom apartment and held 22 jobs before starting her first company at the age of *** might call her the definition of a self-made *** wouldn't call herself that *** the“Erika Taught Me”podcast.

关键词： naire starting parents

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Clinical profile and outcomes of ocular surface squamous neoplasia at the Philippine General Hospital:a retrospective study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2025年第1期18卷 132-138页

作者： Mary Ellaine S.Diaz Ruben Lim Bon Siong justin Alan Yao Gary John V.Mercado Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences University of the Philippines Manila-Philippine General HospitalManila 1000Philippines Eye Institute St.Luke’s Medical CenterQuezon CityManila 1112Philippines Eye and Vision Institute The Medical CityPasig 1800Philippines

AIM:To evaluate the demographics,clinical characteristics,treatments,and outcomes of patients with ocular surface squamous neoplasia(OSSN)at the Philippine General ***:This was a single-center,11-year retrospective,cross sectional case series on 18 cases of OSSN seen between January 2012 to June *** patient’s demographics,presenting symptoms,tumor characteristics,histopathologic diagnosis,treatment,outcomes,and duration of follow-up were ***:Out of 33 identified cases of OSSN,only 18 were eligible for inclusion in the *** age was 60.78y(range 31 to 80),with male predominance(66.67%).The left eye was most commonly affected(61.11%)with most presenting with fleshy mass(83.33%).Most tumors were located nasally(66.67%)and were predominantly papilliform(44.44%)in morphology with associated hyperpigmentation(38.89%).Squamous cell carcinoma(SCCA)was the most common histopathologic diagnosis(72.22%).The main primary treatment was surgical excision(94.44%)with or without adjunctive therapy,with only 1 patient undergoing first-line topical *** 3 recurrences(16.67%)were noted with a median followup of 7.5mo.A statistically significant recurrence-free odds leaning towards the utilization of cryotherapy was ***:OSSN seen at the Philippine General Hospital is presented as a limbal papilliform mass,most commonly affecting elderly *** excision with adjuvant cryotherapy and/or chemotherapy is the preferred mode of treatment.

关键词： ocular surface squamous neoplasia conjunctival malignancy squamous cell carcinoma conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia

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