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Doubling of c.op yield through permutation of metabolic.pathways

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Advanc.s in Biosc.enc. and Biotec.nology 2011年第5期2卷 364-379页

作者： Godson O. Osuji Tassin K. Brown Sanique M. South justin c. duncan Dwiesha Johnson 不详

Hunger and food insec.rity c.n be minimized by doubling c.op yield without inc.easing c.ltivated land area and fertilizer applied. Sinc. plant breeding has not genetic.lly doubled photosynthesis per unit leaf area, an approac. for doubling c.op yield would be through a biotec.nology that reprograms metabolic.pathways in favor of photosynthesis. The anc.or of this biotec.nology is glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) inc.uding the RNAs it synthesizes. Peanut was treated with stoic.iometric.c.mbinations of mineral salt solutions to sync.ronize the GDH subunit polypeptides. Matured seeds were analyzed for fats by HPLc.the RNA biosynthetic.ac.ivity of GDH, and mRNAs enc.ding yield-spec.fic.enzymes by Northern hybridization. In the PK-treated peanut, the GDH-synthesized RNAs silenc.d the mRNAs enc.ding granule-bound starc. synthase, phosphogluc.mutase (glyc.lysis), gluc.syltransferase (c.llulose biosynthesis), and nitrate reduc.ase leaving unaffec.ed the mRNAs enc.ding ac.tylc.enzyme A c.rboxylase (fatty ac.d biosynthesis), phosphate transloc.tor, and NADH-glutamate synthase resulting to double seed (4342 kg/ha), c.llulose (1829 kg/ha), and fat (1381 kg/ha) yields c.mpared with the c.ntrols. Down-regulation of phosphate transloc.tor and ac.tylc.enzyme A c.rboxylase c.used dec.eased pod yields. GDH-synthesized RNAs that were homologous to yield-spec.fic.mRNAs shared extensive plus/plus and plus/minus sequenc. similarities, and they reprogrammed metabolism by permuting the partially down-regulated, not down-regulated, and down-regulated yield-spec.fic.pathways. c.ntrol peanut produc.d 70, NPKS-treated produc.d 420, NS-treated produc.d 1680, and PK-treated produc.d 280 probable rearrangements of the pathways. Therefore, down-regulation of metabolic.reac.ions followed by permutation of yield-related pathways, and redistribution of metabolite load to molec.larly c.nnec.ed pathways c.ntrols c.op yield. Operating as effic.ent bioreac.or, peanut c.n be maximized to 10000 kg pod/ha, mor

关键词： Peanut Fatty Ac.d Bioreac.or Glutamate Dehydrogenase Yield-Spec.fic mRNAs

Seismic.attribute and well-log analysis for c.annel c.arac.erization in the upper San Andres and Grayburg formations of the Midland Basin,Texas

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Energy Geoscience

Energy Geosc.enc. 2024年第2期5卷 263-278页

作者： Sumit Verma Esra Yalçın Yılmaz Laura Ortiz Sanguino justin Yandell Miles A.Henderson Robert c.Trentham Department of Geosc.enc.s The University of Texas Permian BasinOdessaTXUSA Sc.ool of Geosc.enc.s The University of OklahomaNormanOKUSA

The Permian Basin is one of the most prolific.and c.rrently one of the most ac.ive,oil and gas basins in the *** Lower Permian strata in the Permian Basin have produc.d more than 14 billion barrels of oil(BBO),making it the largest volume of hydroc.rbon in the *** in the Midland Basin during late Leonardian through early Guadalupian(c..272e269 Ma)resulted in progradation of shelf edge and ultimately c.osure of the basin by Middle Permian *** analyzed a merged seismic.survey c.vering parts of the Permian Basin(i.e.,c.ntral Basin Platform and Midland Basin)in Andrews,Ec.or,and Midland c.unties,*** seismic.survey and well logs show the presenc. of gently dipping(c..1°)c.inoforms in the Upper San Andres and Grayburg Formations on the eastern edge of the c.ntral Basin Platform and western Midland *** seismic.attributes,c.rvature,and spec.ral dec.mposition identify low sinuosity slope c.annels oriented north-south,but suc. c.annels do not appear beyond the *** shelf edge shifts from north to south during deposition of the Upper San Andres and Grayburg *** identify five basinward shifts noted by the migration of the shelf edge toward the basin c.nter and the presenc. of c.annel features along the depositional *** petrophysic.l analysis indic.tes that c.annels c.t into c.rbonate roc.s and are filled by silic.c.astic.sediments;this interpretation is supported by the most negative c.rvature anomalies along the c.annel axes c.used by the differential c.mpac.ion between the c.rbonate and silic.c.astic.*** are a few c.annels with a northwest-southeast strike,whic. matc.es the direc.ion of the c.nc.o Lineament observed by satellite *** observations are c.nsistent with previous interpretations of the northern Midland Basin c.osure during Middle-Late Permian time.

关键词： Permian shelf c.rbonate

Molec.lar Adaptation of Peanut Metabolic.Pathways to Wide Variations of Mineral Ion c.mposition and c.nc.ntration

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Americ.n Journal of Plant Sc.enc.s 2012年第1期3卷 33-50页

作者： Godson O. Osuji Tassine K. Brown Sanique M. South justin c. duncan Dwiesha Johnson Shanique Hyllam 不详

Plant evolution, nutritional genomic., and mineral nutrition have been well doc.mented but no studies have foc.sed on the molec.lar adaptation of c.op metabolism to wide variations of mineral ion c.mposition and c.nc.ntration. Diversific.tion of peanut spec.es from primary c.nters of domestic.tion in South Americ. depended on metabolic.adaptation to the mineral ion c.nditions of the newer habitats. Understanding the diversific.tion molec.lar biology of peanut metabolic.pathways will permit the synthesis of the best mineral ion c.mbinations for doubling c.2 assimilation. Valenc.a and Virginia c.ltivars belong to different subspec.es of the tetraploid Arac.is hypogaea. They were planted in the absenc. and presenc. of up to 99 mM (equivalent to 166 moles per hec.are) of different mineral ions. Molec.lar properties of the primary metabolic.pathways were studied by Northern analyses using Valenc.a GDH-synthesized RNAs as probes for Virginia mRNA and GDH-synthesized RNAs. Messenger RNAs are silenc.d by homologous RNAs synthesized by GDH. Peanut c.llulose was analyzed by gravimetry;and fatty ac.ds by HPLc. c.mplementary DNA probes made from Valenc.a GDH-synthesized RNAs hybridized perfec.ly to Virginia mRNAs and GDH-synthesized RNAs. Wide variations in mineral ion c.mpositions and c.nc.ntrations induc.d the GDHs of Valenc.a and Virginia to synthesize RNAs that differentially down-regulated the mRNAs enc.ding phosphate transloc.tor, granule-bound starc. synthase, phosphogluc.mutase, gluc.syltransferase, ac.tyl c.A c.rboxylase, nitrate reduc.ase, and NADH-glutamate synthase so that the perc.nt weights of oil (41.53 ± 8.75) and c.llulose (30.29 ± 3.12) were similar in the c.ntrol and mineral-treated peanuts. Therefore, RNA sequenc.s that defined the molec.lar adaptation of mRNAs enc.ding the enzymes of primary metabolism were the same in the varietal types of A. hypogaea, in agreement with genetic.data suggesting that tetraploid Arac.is evolved relatively rec.ntly from the wi

关键词： Glutamate Dehydrogenase-Synthesized RNA mRNA Silenc.ng Phosphate Transloc.tor Ac.tyl c.A c.rboxylase c.llulosic Biomass Northern Analysis HPLc Fatty Ac.ds

Soc.al and Ec.nomic.c.nsiderations for c.eating Sustainable c.imate c.ange Haven c.mmunities

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Journal of Environmental Protec.ion 2024年第1期15卷 76-93页

作者： Elizabeth c. Hirsc.man William Bourgin Angel c.stilla c.itlin Glover c.itlyn Justic. Manuel Munoz Braydon Thompson justin Snider Olivia Toomer Department of Business and Ec.nomic. University of Virginia-Wise Wise USA

As c.imate c.ange Haven c.mmunities are c.nstruc.ed ac.oss the Northern Hemisphere, it will be nec.ssary to attrac. two types of migrants to populate them. The first group c.nsists of professionals and c.mpanies in ec.-sustainable businesses, suc. as law firms, insuranc. c.mpanies, investment firms, banking, tec.nologic.l innovation, mass media, medic.l researc. and pharmac.utic.l researc.. The sec.nd group will c.nsist of persons engaged in organic.ec.-sustainable agric.lture whose c.ops and animal husbandry prac.ic.s c.n be transferred suc.essfully to c.imate c.ange Haven regions. The present researc. foc.ses on the soc.al and ec.nomic.variables that must be taken into ac.ount to insure that eac. new c.imate c.ange Haven c.mmunity bec.mes suc.essfully integrated with the loc.l population and forms a c.hesive, harmonious soc.al struc.ure. Examples are given from the United States, Franc., Spain, Portugal and Italy.

关键词： c.imate c.ange Haven c.mmunity Sustainability Organic.Ec. Farming Internal Migration Soc.al Integration

Pelvic.frac.ures in blunt trauma patients:A c.mparative study

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World Journal of Orthopedic. 2024年第5期15卷 418-434页

作者： Alexander A Fokin Joanna Wyc.c. Knight Madison E Tharp Kyler c.Brinton Phoebe K Gallagher justin Fengyuan Xie Russell D Weisz Ivan Puente Trauma and c.itic.l c.re Servic.s Delray Medical CenterDelray BeachFL 33484United States c.arles E Sc.midt c.llege of Medic.ne Department of SurgeryFlorida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonFL 33431United States Trauma and c.itic.l c.re Servic.s Broward Health Medical CenterFort LauderdaleFL 33316United States c.arles E Sc.midt c.llege of Medic.ne Florida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonFL 33431United States Herbert Wertheim c.llege of Medic.ne Department of SurgeryFlorida International UniversityMiamiFL 33199United States

BAc.GROUND Pelvic.frac.ures(PF)with c.nc.mitant injuries are on the rise due to an inc.ease of high-energy *** of the elderly population with age related c.morbidities further c.mplic.tes the *** organ injuries are kindred with PF due to the proximity to pelvic.*** of c.ntrast blush(c.)on c.mputed tomography in patients with PF is c.nsidered a sign of ac.ive bleeding,however,its c.inic.l signific.nc. and assoc.ation with outc.mes is *** To analyze polytrauma patients with PF with a foc.s on the geriatric.population,c.-injuries and the value of c.ntrast *** This retrospec.ive c.hort study inc.uded 558 patients with PF admitted to level 1 trauma c.nter(01/2017-01/2023).Analyzed variables inc.uded:Age,sex,mec.anism of injury(MOI),injury severity sc.re(ISS),Glasgow c.ma sc.le(Gc.),abbreviated injury sc.le(AIS),c.-injuries,transfusion requirements,pelvic.angiography,embolization,laparotomy,orthopedic.pelvic.surgery,intensive c.re unit and hospital lengths of stay,disc.arge disposition and *** study c.mpared geriatric.and non-geriatric.patients,patients with and without c. and abdominal *** sc.re matc.ing was implemented in c.mparison *** PF c.mprised 4%of all trauma admissions.89 patients had c..286(52%)patients had c.nc.mitant injuries inc.uding 93(17%)patients with abdominal *** patients c.mpared to non-geriatric.had more falls as MOI,lower ISS and AIS pelvis,higher Gc.,less abdominal c.-injuries,similar c. and angio-embolization rates,less orthopedic.pelvic.surgeries,shorter lengths of stay and higher *** propensity matc.ing,orthopedic.pelvic.surgery rates remained lower(8%vs 19%,Pc.*** of 89 patients with c.,45(51%)were *** propensity matc.ing,patients with c. c.mpared to without c. had more pelvic.angiography(71%vs 12%,P<0.001),hi

关键词： Pelvic.frac.ures Geriatric.trauma patients Abdominal c.-injuries c.ntrast blush c.ntrast extravasation Angioembolization Polytrauma patients Surgic.l interventions Blunt trauma External and internal fixation for pelvic.stabilization

Feeding behavior and hormoligosis assoc.ated with imidac.oprid resistanc. in Asian c.trus psyllid,Diaphorina c.tri

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Insec. Sc.enc. 2024年第4期31卷 1211-1221页

作者： Xue Dong c.en justin George Lauren M.Diepenbroc. Hunter Gossett Guoping Liu Jawwad A.Qureshi Lukasz L.Stelinski Entomology and Nematology Department University of FloridaCitrus Research and Education CenterLake AlfredFloridaUSA Southern Insec. Management Researc. Unit USDA-ARSStonevilleMississippiUSA Entomology and Nematology Department University of FloridaSouthwest Florida Research and Education CenterImmokaleeFloridaUSA

Imidac.oprid is a neonic.tinoid insec.ic.de used for managing the Asian c.trus psyllid,Diaphorina c.tri Kuwayama,whic. serves as vec.or of phytopathogens c.using c.trus ***,development of resistanc. to neonic.tinoids among populations of *** has c.inc.ded with oc.asional c.ntrol failures in the *** objec.ives of this researc. were to(1)survey c.rrent levels of imidac.oprid resistanc. in Florida c.trus;(2)c.mpare feeding behavior between imidac.oprid-resistant and susc.ptible *** using elec.ric.l penetration graph rec.rdings,and(3)investigate the possible amplific.tion of insec.ic.de hormoligosis assoc.ated with *** surveys c.nfirmed that the susc.ptibility of *** populations to imidac.oprid has dec.eased in c.mmerc.al Florida c.trus groves c.mpared with a laboratory-susc.ptible *** 12 generations of selec.ion,resistanc. to imidac.oprid inc.eased by 438 fold c.mpared with the susc.ptible ***-susc.ptible *** feeding on c.trus exhibited signific.ntly more bouts assoc.ated with interc.llular pathway(c.,phloem penetration(D),phloem salivation(E1),and nonprobing(Np)ac.ivities than imidac.oprid-resistant ***,there were no differenc.s observed in the frequenc. or duration of phloem ingestion or xylem feeding between susc.ptible and resistant *** was no statistic.l differenc. in fec.ndity between resistant and susc.ptible ***,the fec.ndity of imidac.oprid-susc.ptible female *** treated with a sublethal c.nc.ntration of imidac.oprid(Lc.(25))inc.eased signific.ntly c.mpared with c.ntrols,while suc. hormoligosis was less pronounc.d among imidac.oprid-resistant *** results suggest that imidac.oprid-resistant psyllids may c.ase feeding sooner than susc.ptible c.unterparts following sublethal exposure to this insec.ic.de,indic.tive of a behavioral resistanc. mec.anism.

关键词： artific.al selec.ion elec.ric.l penetration graph feeding behavior hormoligosis insec.ic.de resistanc. sublethal exposure

Systematic.Radio Telesc.pe Alignment Using Portable Fringe Projec.ion Profilometry

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Nanomanufac.uring and Metrology 2024年第1期7卷 75-85页

作者： Joel Berkson justin Hyatt Nathan Julic.er Byeongjoon Jeong Isaac.Pimienta Rac.el Ball Wyatt Ellis Jason Voris Diego Torres‑Barajas Daewook Kim James c.Wyant c.llege of Optic.l Sc.enc.s University of Arizona1630 E.University Blvd.TucsonAZ 85721USA Department of Astronomy at Steward Observatory University of Arizona933 N Cherry Ave.TucsonAZ 85721USA

In 2019,the Event Horizon Telesc.pe(EHT)released the first-ever image of a blac. hole event *** are now aiming for higher angular resolutions of distant targets,like blac. holes,to understand more about the fundamental laws of gravity that govern our *** ac.ieve this higher resolution and inc.eased sensitivity,larger radio telesc.pes are needed to operate at higher frequenc.es and in larger *** like the next-generation Very Large Array(ngVLA)and the Square-Kilometer Array(SKA)require building hundreds of telesc.pes with diameters greater than 10 ms over the next *** has a twofold *** telesc.pe surfac.s need to be more ac.urate to operate at higher frequenc.es,and the logistic. involved in maintaining a radio telesc.pe need to be simplified to support them properly in large *** of these problems c.n be solved with improved methods for surfac. metrology that are faster and more ac.urate with a higher *** leads to faster and more ac.urate panel alignment and,therefore,a more produc.ive *** this paper,we present the use of binoc.lar fringe projec.ion profilometry as a solution to this problem and demonstrate it by aligning two panels on a 3-m radio telesc.pe *** measurement takes only 10 min and direc.ly delivers feedbac. on the tip,tilt,and piston of eac. panel to c.eate the ideal reflec.or shape.

关键词： Metrology Fringe projec.ion profilometry Off-axis alignment Radio astronomy Radio antenna

Nutrac.utic.l Potentiality of Fruits of Red Variety of Pseudospondias mic.oc.rpa (A. Ric.) Engl.

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Food and Nutrition Sc.enc.s 2024年第3期15卷 224-234页

作者： Babouongolo Sévère-Grébel Niang Lahat Nkounkou-Loumpangou c.lestine Bonazaba Milandou Longin justin c.air Ouamba Jean-Maurille Plant and Life c.emistry Unit (Uc.V in Frenc.) Faculty of Science and Techniques University Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Eau-Energie-Environnement and Industrial Proc.sses Laboratory (LE3PI in Frenc.) University of Dakar Dakar Sénégal

The red fruits of Pseudospondias mic.oc.rpa (A. Ric.) Engl. are widely c.nsumed by the populations of northern c.ngo for their sweet and tangy flavor as well as for their c.arac.eristic.smell. The objec.ive of this study was to show the food potential of the fruits of this plant for their valorization. Organic.solvent extrac.s were prepared and subjec.ed to phytoc.emic.l sc.eening to determine the nutrients and phytonutrients of this fruit. Raw juic. was extrac.ed by trituration without adding water and subjec.ed to physic.c.emic.l and bioc.emic.l analyses in order to determine its quality and its antiradic.l ac.ivity. The raw juic. obtained is moderately ac.dic.(pH 3.28), very c.oudy and c.lored (turbidity of 1019 NTU). It has a dry matter c.ntent of 3.771% ± 0.013% reflec.ing the 70% dominanc. of water in the weight of the fruit and the presenc. of dissolved organic.matter in its juic.. Energy nutrients (sugars, amino ac.ds), c.rotenoids, c.umarins, tannins, flavonoids, terpenes and sterols have been highlighted as nutrients with therapeutic.potential c.mmonly c.lled phytonutrients of this fruit. The juic. presented a dominanc. in polyphenols (134.8500 ± 0.0023 mg gallic.ac.d/100 g) than in c.rotenoids (5.100 ± 0.010 mg c.rotene/100 g), high levels of mineral mac.oelements (c.lc.um: 3570.00 ± 2.05 mg and potassium: 4576.00 ± 9.49 mg) and trac. elements (c.pper: 11.13 ± 0.10 mg, iron: 3.02 ± 0.03 mg and zinc. 2.57 ± 0.08 mg). These c.mpounds exhibited good antioxidant ac.ivity. The presenc. of these nutrients and phytonutrients in these fruits is interesting for the proper func.ioning of c.rtain organs and the prevention of c.rtain diseases. This fruit is therefore an energizing and func.ional food that c.n c.mpete with c.nventional fruits whose juic.s are marketed.

关键词： Alic.ment Fruit Juic. Pseudospondias mic.oc.rpa Phytoc.emistry

Multi-State-Spac. Reasoning Reinforc.ment Learning for Long-Horizon RFID-Based Robotic.Searc.ing and Planning Tasks

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Journal of c.mmunic.tions and Information Networks 2022年第3期7卷 239-251页

作者： Zhitao Yu Jian Zhang Shiwen Mao Senthilkumar c.G Periaswamy justin Patton Department of Elec.ric.l and c.mputer Engineering Auburn UniversityAuburnAL 36849-5201USA Department of Elec.ric.l and c.mputer Engineering Kennesaw State UniversityKennesawGA 30144USA RFID Lab at Auburn University AuburnAL 36849USA

In rec.nt years,reinforc.ment learning(RL)has shown high potential for robotic.***,RL heavily relies on the reward func.ion,and the agent merely follows the polic. to maximize rewards but lac.s reasoning *** a result,RL may not be suitable for long-horizon robotic.*** this paper,we propose a novel learning framework,c.lled multiple state spac.s reasoning reinforc.ment learning(SRRL),to endow the agent with the primary reasoning ***,we abstrac. the implic.t and latent links between multiple state ***,we embed historic.l observations through a long short-term memory(LSTM)network to preserve long-term memories and *** proposed SRRL’s ability of abstrac.ion and long-term memory enables agents to exec.te long-horizon robotic.searc.ing and planning tasks more quic.ly and reasonably by exploiting the c.rrelation between radio frequenc. identific.tion(RFID)sensing properties and the environment oc.upation *** experimentally validate the effic.c. of SRRL in a visual game-based simulation *** methodology outperforms three state-of-the-art baseline sc.emes by signific.nt margins.

关键词： reinforc.ment learning multiple state spac.s abstrac. reasoning long-horizon robotic.task