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Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Honeybees and Its Antibacterial Potential

Open journal of Medical Microbiology 2024年第1期14卷 77-92页

作者： Akamu j. Ewunkem Niore’s johnson A’lyiha F. Beard Ilunga Tshimanga Brittany justice jeffery Meixner Department of Biological Sciences Winston Salem State University Winston Salem NC USA Department of Clinical Science and Laboratory Science Winston Salem State University Winston Salem NC USA

Honeybees (Apis mellifera) are important pollinators of flowering plants and agricultural crops contributing annually to billions of dollars in revenues to crop production. Honeybees have an average lifespan between 8 weeks to 5 years. Dead honeybees are abundantly available in beehives and can be utilized as an alternative source to synthesize nanoparticles. In recent years, biologically synthesized nanoparticles have been preferred over their chemical counterparts. However, honeybee-based-green synthesis of nanoparticles has not been explored yet. Herein, we report the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from honeybees and its antibacterial activity. The synthesis of silver nanoparticles was monitored visually through a gradual change in color. Furthermore, the biosynthesized nanoparticles were confirmed and characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy. Scanning Electron Microscope was utilized to analyze the average size and morphologies of the biosynthesized nanoparticles. Subsequently, the antibacterial potential of the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles was tested against selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. It was found that a distinct color change from yellow to brown in the reaction solution suggested the formation of silver nanoparticles. The biosynthesized nanoparticles exhibited absorption maxima at 430 nm. The SEM analysis confirmed the spherical and cuboidal shape of the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles with a size range between 10 - 40 nm. Furthermore, the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles exhibited strong antimicrobial potential against tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria strains by aggregating on the cell surface. This study showcases the biomedical and agricultural applications of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles from honeybee wings. .

关键词： Honeybee Bacteria Green Synthesis Nanoparticles Antimicrobial

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Rapid Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Reishi and Their Antibacterial Activity and Mechanisms

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journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 51-63页

作者： Akamu j. Ewunkem T’nasia Priester Desia Williams Bailey Ariyon Ilunga Tshimanga Brittany justice Dinesh K. Singh Department of Biological Sciences Winston-Salem State University Winston-Salem North Carolina USA

Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing field in biomedical engineering with references to efficiency, safety, and cost-effective approaches. Herein, the objective of this study was to examine an innovative approach to rapidly synthesis silver nanoparticles from an aqueous extract of medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (also known as reishi). The structural and dimensional dispersion of the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles from reishi was confirmed by UV-Vis spectrophotometer (UV-Vis) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis. Additionally, the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles from resihi were used to explore their potential antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus and Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The results from this study revealed that the silver nanoparticles mediated by reishi adopted a spherical shape morphology with sizes, less than 100 nm and revealed strong absorption plasmon band at 440 nm. Furthermore, the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles from reishi exhibited antibacterial activity against the tested S. aureus and M. luteus and E. coli and K. pneumoniae by altering their morphology which signifies their biomedical potential.

关键词： Nanotechnology Reishi Nanoparticles Antimicrobial Green Synthesis

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Immunohistochemical Profile of Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Study in the Democratic Republic of Congo

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journal of Cancer Therapy 2024年第5期15卷 222-230页

作者： Rive Lukuaku Buanza jérémie Okumadi Lukuke Fabrice Bokambandja Lolangwa Andy Mbangama Muela Teddy Mukendi Lwambwa Fabrice Bumwana Ali Sano Sire Mariama Bleuvy-justice Fayeta Mardoche Binangu jean Isme Ngambika David Azako Tasema Dieudonné Mvumbi Faculty of Medicine Bel Campus Technological University Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Pathological Anatomy University Clinics of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics University Clinics of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Oncology NGANDA Hospital Center Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Faculty of Dentistry University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Faculty of Medicine University of MBANDAKA Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Molecular Biology Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Institute of Medical Immunology Free University of Brussels Bruxelles Belgium

Background: The management of breast cancer increasingly requires molecular classification based on immunohistochemistry. As breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease characterized by the accumulation of multiple molecular alterations that give each tumour its own phenotype and evolutionary potential, immunohistochemistry, as a complementary technique to morphological examination, determines the status of hormone receptors and on protein in tumour cells, which are predictive and prognostic markers of breast cancer. This technique is often little used in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), as this study shows. The under-use of this technique due to a lack of equipment and/or human skills explains the paucity of epidemiological data available to date. Objective: Determine the immunohistochemical profile of breast cancer. Methodology: This is a retrospective study carried out in the Anapath Department of the NGANDA Hospital from january 1, 2020 to December 31, 2022, i.e. a 3-year period. Result: A total of 736 patients were registered in the hospitalization register of the Oncology Department of CH NGANDA for the period corresponding to the present study. Breast cancer was diagnosed in 110 patients, representing 14.9% of all cases. The mean age of the patients was 58.4 ± 8.2 years, with extremes ranging from 30 to 76 years. Breast nodules were the most common reason for diagnosis in 56.3% of cases, with Luminal A dominating in 17.3%. Conclusion: Breast cancer is a major public health problem. Worldwide, it is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women and the leading cause of cancer-related death in women. In the Democratic Republic of Congo, because of the delay in consulting our patients and the weakness of systematic screening, patients are seen at an advanced stage of the disease. Treatment is multidisciplinary, involving surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy (including targeted therapies) and hormone therapy. Patient awareness and screening campaigns will cont

关键词： Immunohistochemistry Cancer Breast

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Meta-analyses on prevalence of selected Parkinson’s nonmotor symptoms before and after diagnosis

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2015年第1期4卷 1-8页

作者： Honglei Chen Edward j Zhao Wen Zhang Yi Lu Rui Liu Xuemei Huang Anna j Ciesielski-jones Michele A justice Deborah S Cousins Shyamal Peddada Epidemiology Branch National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences111 T.W.Alexander Dr.P.O.Box 12233Mail drop A3-05Research Triangle ParkNC 27709USA Social&Scientific Systems Inc.DurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Departments of Neurology RadiologyNeurosurgeryPharmacology&KinesiologyPennsylvania State University-Milton S.Hershey Medical CenterHersheyPennsylvaniaUSA Biostatistics Branch National Institute of Environmental Health SciencesResearch Triangle ParkNCUSA

Background:Nonmotor symptoms are common among patients with Parkinson’s disease(PD)and some may precede disease ***:We conducted a meta-analysis on the prevalence of selected nonmotor symptoms before and after PD diagnosis,using random-effect *** searched PubMed(1965 through October/November 2012)for the following symptoms:hyposmia,constipation,rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder,excessive daytime sleepiness,depression,and *** studies were publications in English with original data on one or more of these ***:The search generated 2,373 non-duplicated publications and 332 met the inclusion criteria,mostly(n=320)on symptoms after PD *** all symptoms,the prevalence was substantially higher in PD cases than in controls,each affecting over a third of the *** was the most prevalent(75.5%in cases vs.19.1%in controls),followed by constipation(50%vs.17.7%),anxiety(39.9%vs.19.1%),rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder(37.0%vs.7.0%),depression(36.6%vs.14.9%),and excessive daytime sleepiness(33.9%vs.10.5%).We observed substantial heterogeneities across studies and meta-regression analyses suggested that several factors might have contributed to ***,the prevalence estimates were fairly robust in several sensitivity *** 20 studies had data on any symptoms prior to PD diagnosis,but still the analyses revealed higher prevalence in future PD cases than in ***:These symptoms are common among PD patients both before and after *** studies are needed to understand the natural history of nonmotor symptoms in PD and their etiological and clinical implications.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Nonmotor symptoms Meta-analysis Prevalence Natural history

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Sympathetic skin response:a new test to diagnose erectile dysfunction

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Asian journal of Andrology 2001年第1期3卷 45-48页

作者： Guang-You ZHU Yan SHEN Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of justice, China, Shanghai 200 063,China. Institute of Forensic Sciences Ministry of Justice China Shanghai. chendj@***

Aim: Electrophysiological monitoring of the activity of the penile sympathetic skin responses (PSSR) in healthy menand patients with erectile dysfunction (ED). Methods: PSSR were recorded from the skin of penis with disk elec-trodes at the time of electric stimulation of left median nerves. Results: PSSR were recorded from all the healthymen and almost all the patients. In healthy men the latency of P_0, the latency of N_1, the duration of N_1 and the ampli-tude of N_1 were 1249 ± 111 ms, 2239 ± 286 ms, 1832 ± 505 ms and 470 μV (median), respectively. In ED patientsthe latency of P_0, the latency of N_1, the duration of N_1 and the amplitude of N_1 were 1467 ± 183 ms ( P j Androl 2001; Mar; 3: 45-48)

关键词： penis sympathetic nerve system erectile dysfunction electric stimulation median nerve

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Application of pudendal evoked potentials in diagnosis of erectile dysfunction

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Asian journal of Andrology 1999年第3期1卷 145-150页

作者： Guang-You ZHU Yan SHEN Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of justice, Shanghai 200063, China Institute of Forensic Sciences Ministry of Justice Shanghai 200063 China

Aim: Extensive neurophysiological investigations were carried out in 100 healthy subjects and 84 patients with penileerectile dysfunction. Methods: Following examinations were performed, spinal and scalp somatosensory evoked poten-tials (SEPs) to stimulation of the dorsal nerve of penis, motor evoked potentials (MEPs) from bulbocavernosus (BC) inresponse to scalp and spinal root stimulation, and measurement of sacral reflex latency (SRL) from anal sphincter (AS).Results: In the healthy subjects, the mean sensory total conduction time (sensory TCT), as measured at the peak of thescalp P1 (P40) wave was 39.73 ms. The mean sensory central conduction time (sensory CCT = spinal-to-scalp conductiontime) was 28.98 ms. The mean peripheral conduction time (PCP) was 9.40 ins. Transcranial brain stimulation was per-formed by using a magnetic stimulator during voluntary contraction of the examined muscle. Spinal root stimulation wasperformed at rest. Motor total conduction time (motor TCT) to BC muscles was 20.48 ms. Motor central conductiontime (motor CCT) to sacral cord segments controlling BC muscles was 14.42 ms at rest. The mean SRL was 35.13 ***: Combined or isolated abnormalities of SEPs, MEPs, and SRL were found in patients with erectile dysfunc-tion. (Asian j Androl 1999 Sep; 1 : 145 - 150)

关键词： erectile dysfunction pudendal evoked potential pelvic fracture spinal injury diabetes masturbation

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Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Honeybees and Its Antibacterial Potential

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Open journal of Medical Microbiology（医学微生物学） 2024年第1期 77页

作者： Akamu j. Ewunkem Niore’s johnson A’lyiha F. Beard Ilunga Tshimanga Brittany justice jeffery Meixner

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Origin of major ions in monthly rainfall events at the Bamenda Highlands, North West Cameroon

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第4期26卷 801-809页

作者： Mengnjo j. Wirmvem Takeshi Ohba Wilson Y. Fantong Samuel N. Ayonghe jonathan N. Hogarh justice Y. Suila Asobo Nkengmatia E. Asaah Seigo Ooki Gregory Tanyileke joseph V. Hell Department of Chemistry School of Science Tokai University Hiratsuka 259-1211 Japan Institute of Geological and Mining Research Yaounde Cameroon Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Environmental Science Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology Kumasi Ghana G.B.H.S. Atiela Nkwen Bamenda Cameroon Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo 152-8551 Japan

Rainwater characteristics can reveal emissions from various anthropogenic and natural sources into the atmosphere. The physico-chemical characteristics of 44 monthly rainfall events （collected between january and December 2012） from 4 weather stations （Bamenda, Ndop plain, Ndawara and Kumbo） in the Bamenda Highlands （BH） were investigated. The purpose was to determine the sources of chemical species, their seasonal inputs and suitability of the rainwater for drinking. The mean pH of 5 indicated the slightly acidic nature of the rainwater. Average total dissolved solids （TDS） were low （6.7 mg/L）, characteristic of unpolluted atmospheric moisture/air. Major ion concentrations （mg/L） were low and in the order K＋〉 Ca2＋〉 Mg2~ 〉 Na＋ for cations and NO3 〉〉 HCO3 〉 SO] 〉 CI- 〉 PO3- 〉 F- for anions. The average rainwater in the area was mixed Ca-Mg-SO4-CI water type. The CI-/Na＋ ratio （1.04） was comparable to that of seawater （1.16）, an indication that N a＋ and CI originated mainly from marine （Atlantic Ocean） aerosols. High enrichments of Ca2＋, Mg2＋ and SO2- to Na＋ ratios relative to seawater ratios （constituting 44% of the total ions） demonstrated their terrigenous origin, mainly from Saharan and Sahelian arid dusts. The K＋/Na＋ ratio （2.24）, which was similar to tropical vegetation ash （2.38）, and NO3 was essentially from biomass burning. Light （〈 100 mm） pre-monsoon and post-monsoon convective rains were enriched in major ions than the heavy （〉 100 mm） monsoon rains, indicating a high contribution of major ions during the low convective showers. Despite the acidic nature, the TDS and major ion concentrations classified the rainwater as potable based on the WHO guidelines.

关键词： rainwater chemistry tropical atmosphere drinking-water Bamenda Highlands Cameroon

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Rapid Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Reishi and Their Antibacterial Activity and Mechanisms

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journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology（生物材料与纳米技术） 2024年第3期 51页

作者： Akamu j. Ewunkem T’nasia Priester Desia Williams Bailey Ariyon Ilunga Tshimanga Brittany justice Dinesh K. Singh

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PacBio Sequencing Reveals Transposable Elements as a Key Contributor to Genomic Plasticity and Virulence Variation in Magnaporthe oryzae

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Molecular Plant 2017年第11期10卷 1465-1468页

作者： jiandong Bao Meilian Chen Zhenhui Zhong Wei Tang Lianyu Lin Xingtan Zhang Haolang jiang Deyu Zhang Chenyong Miao Haibao Tang jisen Zhang Guodong Lu Ray Ming justice Norvienyeku Baohua Wang Zonghua Wang State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops and College of Life Science Fujien Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 China Institute of Ocean Science Minjiang University Fuzhou 350108 China

Dear Editor ：The sustainable cultivation of rice, which serves as staple food crop for more than half of the world＇s population, is under serious threat due to the huge yield losses inflicted by rice blast disease caused by the globally destructive fungus Magnaporthe oryzae （Pyricularia oryzae）（Dean et al., 2012; Nalley et al., 2016; Deng et al., 2017）. This filamentous ascomycete fungus is also capable of causing blast infection on other economically important cereal crops, including wheat, millet, and barley, making it the world＇s most important plant pathogenic fungus （Zhong et al., 2016）.

关键词： PacBio Sequencing Reveals Transposable Elements a Key Contributor to Genomic Plasticity a Virulence Variation Magnaporthe oryzae

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