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全球及中国可持续发展目标进展与挑战

中国科学院院刊 2024年第5期39卷 804-808页

作者：傅伯杰张军泽中国科学院生态环境研究中心区域与城市生态安全重点实验室北京100085

实现17项联合国可持续发展目标(SDGs)是世界各国在2016—2030年的重要任务,但近期评估显示有半数目标进展停滞甚至倒退,并且到2030年世界各国可能无法实现大多数目标。文章在回顾全球及中国实现17项SDGs进展的基础上,总结了影响SDGs实现... 详细信息

实现17项联合国可持续发展目标(SDGs)是世界各国在2016—2030年的重要任务,但近期评估显示有半数目标进展停滞甚至倒退,并且到2030年世界各国可能无法实现大多数目标。文章在回顾全球及中国实现17项SDGs进展的基础上,总结了影响SDGs实现的5项主要挑战,包括:数据缺失和监测能力不足,不同SDGs间相互联系的高度复杂性,区域差异和负外部性影响,科学、政策和社会联系不足,以及全球变化对SDGs实现的不确定性影响。同时,文章从加强政策一致性、聚焦优先目标、强化基础理论研究、提升数据获取能力4个方面提出了加快中国实现SDGs的对策建议。

关键词：可持续发展目标进展主要挑战对策建议

Classification–coordination–collaboration: a systems approach for advancing Sustainable Development Goals

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National Science Review 2020年第5期7卷 838-840页

作者： Bojie Fu junze zhang Shuai Wang Wenwu Zhao State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences

It is an urgent task to advance Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on different scales in the world. We propose a systems approach to combat this issue, namely ‘classification–coordination–collaboration’. This approach allows SDGs to realize key breakthroughs over the short-term while achieving sweeping progress over the long run.

关键词： a systems approach for advancing Sustainable Development Goals coordination

KRAS mutation-induced EndMT of brain arteriovenous malformation is mediated through the TGF-β/BMP-SMAD4 pathway

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2023年第3期8卷 197-206,I0006-I0027页

作者： Hongyuan Xu Ran Huo Hao Li Yuming Jiao Jiancong Weng Jie Wang Zihan Yan junze zhang Shaozhi Zhao Qiheng He Yingfan Sun Shuo Wang Yong Cao Department of Neurosurgery Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital medical universityBeijingChina China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases BeijingChina Beijing Neurosurgical Institute Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Objective Somatic KRAS mutations have been identified in the majority of brain arteriovenous malformations(bAVMs),and subsequent in vivo experiments have confirmed that KRAS mutation in endothelial cells(ECs)causes AVMs in mouse and zebrafish models.Our previous study demonstrated that the KRASG12D mutant independently induced the endothelial-mesenchymal transition(EndMT),which was reversed by treatment with the lipid-lowering drug lovastatin.However,the underlying mechanisms of action were unclear.Methods We used human umbilical vein ECs(HUVECs)overexpressing the KRASG12D mutant for Western blotting,quantitative real-time PCR,and immunofluorescence and wound healing assays to evaluate the EndMT and determine the activation of downstream pathways.Knockdown of SMAD4 by RNA interference was performed to explore the role of SMAD4 in regulating the EndMT.BAVM ECs expressing the KRASG12D mutant were obtained to verify the SMAD4 function.Finally,we performed a coimmunoprecipitation assay to probe the mechanism by which lovastatin affects SMAD4.Results HUVECs infected with KRASG12D adenovirus underwent the EndMT.Transforming growth factor beta(TGF-β)and bone morphogenetic protein(BMP)signalling pathways were activated in the KRASG12D-mutant HUVECs and ECs in bAVM tissue.Knocking down SMAD4 expression in both KRASG12D-mutant HUVECs and ECs in bAVM tissues inhibited the EndMT.Lovastatin attenuated the EndMT by downregulating p-SMAD2/3,p-SMAD1/5 and acetylated SMAD4 expression in KRASG12D-mutant HUVECs.Conclusions Our findings suggest that the KRASG12D mutant induces the EndMT by activating the ERK-TGF-β/BMP-SMAD4 signalling pathway and that lovastatin inhibits the EndMT by suppressing TGF-β/BMP pathway activation and SMAD4 acetylation.

关键词： KRAS SMAD4 inhibited

Unravelling the complexity in achieving the 17 sustainable-development goals

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National Science Review 2019年第3期6卷 386-388页

作者： Bojie Fu Shuai Wang junze zhang Zengqian Hou Jinghai Li State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University National Natural Science Foundation of China

It is now more than 3 years since the ratification of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development framework [1] but,according to the latest progress report,unless the rate of progress increases, it is challenging that all of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) will be achieved by 2030 [2]. With only 11 years remaining until the 2030 deadline, it has become imperative to develop a plan of

关键词： SDG Unravelling the complexity in achieving the 17 sustainable-development goals

Does having more sustainable communities bring better sustainability?

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The Innovation 2022年第4期3卷 17-18页

作者： junze zhang Shuai Wang Yanxu Liu Wenwu Zhao Bojie Fu State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Sustainable communities,while not explicitly defined universally,are now essential tools used by many countries to explore ways of enhancing regional sustainability,especially in China.1 To reduce the burden on the environment resulting from economic growth and to examine effective social governance models,China launched the construction of the Comprehensive Experimental Community for Social Development in 1986,since renamed the China National Sustainable Community(NSC)in 1997.2 Generally,NSCs are regions approved by the central government of China for exploring comprehensive solutions to various sustainable development challenges in the context of their development potential and to provide lessons for other regions,and they could be established in different administrative units such as cities or towns.1,2 It is estimated that more than 180 NSCs have been established in China.1 Although previous studies showed that NSCs have a significant role in improving the sustainability of the region itself,1 it remains unclear what impact NSCs have on the sustainability over a broader regional area,such as at the provincial scale.

关键词： communities Sustainable sustainable

Adapting ecosystem restoration for sustainable development in a changing world

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The Innovation 2023年第1期4卷 38-39页

作者： Xing Wu Yihe Lü junze zhang Nan Lu Wei Jiang Bojie Fu State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

The world population exceeded eight billion in 2022 and will continue to grow rapidly in the coming decades.To support the survival andwell-being of this large and growing population,numerous natural resources have been overexploited,and a large amount of waste has been generated,inducing forms of ecosystem degradation,such as biodiversity loss,productivity decline,and environmental pollution,which undermine the capacity of sustainable development for socioecological systems at multiple scales.As a countermeasure for this problem,a land-degradation-neutral world by 2030 has been established as a critical component of the Sustainable Development Goals.

关键词： Sustainable sustainable ecosystem

Somatic GJA4 mutation in intracranial extra-axial cavernous hemangiomas

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2023年第6期8卷 453-462,I0003-I0037页

作者： Ran Huo Yingxi Yang Hongyuan Xu Shaozhi Zhao Dong Song Jiancong Weng Ruochen Ma Yingfan Sun Jie Wang Yuming Jiao junze zhang Qiheng He Ruolei Wu Shuo Wang Ji-Zong Zhao Junting zhang Jiguang Wang Yong Cao Department of Neurosurgery Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases BeijingChina Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Division of Life Science Center for Systems Biology and Human Health and State Key Laboratory of Molecular NeuroscienceThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Department of Neurosurgery China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijingChina School of Medical Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases InnoHKHong Kong SARChina Beijing Neurosurgical Institute Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Objective Extra-axial cavernous hemangiomas(ECHs)are sporadic and rare intracranial occupational lesions that usually occur within the cavernous sinus.The aetiology of ECHs remains unknown.Methods Whole-exome sequencing was performed on ECH lesions from 12 patients(discovery cohort)and droplet digital polymerase-chain reaction(ddPCR)was used to confirm the identified mutation in 46 additional cases(validation cohort).Laser capture microdissection(LCM)was carried out to capture and characterise subgroups of tissue cells.Mechanistic and functional investigations were carried out in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and a newly established mouse model.Results We detected somatic GJA4 mutation(c.121G>T,p.G41C)in 5/12 patients with ECH in the discovery cohort and confirmed the finding in the validation cohort(16/46).LCM followed by ddPCR revealed that the mutation was enriched in lesional endothelium.In vitro experiments in endothelial cells demonstrated that the GJA4 mutation activated SGK-1 signalling that in turn upregulated key genes involved in cell hyperproliferation and the loss of arterial specification.Compared with wild-type littermates,mice overexpressing the GJA4 mutation developed ECH-like pathological morphological characteristics(dilated venous lumen and elevated vascular density)in the retinal superficial vascular plexus at the postnatal 3 weeks,which were reversed by an SGK1 inhibitor,EMD638683.Conclusions We identified a somatic GJA4 mutation that presents in over one-third of ECH lesions and proposed that ECHs are vascular malformations due to GJA4-induced activation of the SGK1 signalling pathway in brain endothelial cells.

关键词： intracranial superficial hemangioma

T21 China 2050: A Tool for National Sustainable Development Planning

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Geography and Sustainability 2020年第1期1卷 33-46页

作者： Weishuang Qu Wenzhao Shi junze zhang Tong Liu Millennium Institute ArlingtonVA22201USA(retired) Digital China Health 7th FloorShenzhoushuma PlazaNo.16 Suzhoujie StreetHaidian DistrictBeijing100080China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China

The Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)of the United Nations 2030 Agenda are a key focus for implementing the Sustainable Development(SD)concept.But generally speaking,SD goals and targets are continuously evolving,country specific,complex to implement,and are often given relatively short time horizons,such as the 15-year horizon for the SDGs.Many SD issues need a much longer time horizon as the policy interventions to deal with these issues can take decades before their effects become apparent,which is especially true for China.The T21 China 2050 is developed to study the long-term SD challenges and opportunities of the country.In its business-as-usual simulation to 2050,T21 China 2050 reveals some of the sustainability challenges facing China,including 1)aging population and labor force decline,2)huge food imports,3)land degradation and loss of arable land,4)water shortages,5)huge fossil fuel imports,and 6)carbon dioxide emissions.These SD issues are a subset of the SDGs specifically relevant to China over a time horizon well beyond 2030.The model is then used to test possible policy interventions in these six areas under two separate scenarios:Balanced and Narrowly Focused.The major results from these two scenarios are compared with those of the business-as-usual scenario.The simulations show that by adopting certain policy measures,China’s path towards SD can be further improved.It also shows that a variety of policy measures can be selected and tested with the T21 China 2050 model for exploring the future SD prospects of the country.Specific policies recommended include:extension of retirement age,adjustment of the current family planning policy,protection of agriculture land,promotion of agricultural R&D to raise yield,improvement of public transportation to slow private vehicle ownership,increased investment in renewable energy,and water conservation.

关键词： Sustainable development planning Scenario comparison SDGs

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关于设立面向全球科学研究基金的思考与建议

中国科学基金 2024年第1期38卷 193-199页

作者：傅伯杰张军泽姜维吕一河朱永官中国科学院生态环境研究中心/城市与区域生态国家重点实验室北京100085 中国科学院城市环境研究所/中国科学院城市环境与健康重点实验室厦门361021

气候变化、健康危机和粮食安全等问题通常会超越国家间的地理边界,是典型的全球性挑战。随着不同挑战的日益加剧,设立全球科学研究基金已成为推动科技进步、探索创新解决方案和加强伙伴关系的重要手段。在此背景下,“研究设立面向全球... 详细信息

气候变化、健康危机和粮食安全等问题通常会超越国家间的地理边界,是典型的全球性挑战。随着不同挑战的日益加剧,设立全球科学研究基金已成为推动科技进步、探索创新解决方案和加强伙伴关系的重要手段。在此背景下,“研究设立面向全球的科学研究基金”是我国“十四五”时期(2021—2025年)完善科技创新体制的重要举措。为推进这一举措落实,本文在分析主要发达国家(美国、加拿大、英国、德国、日本、澳大利亚)和欧盟针对全球挑战的科研基金资助经验和广泛调研研讨的基础上,从人才项目、研究项目和大科学装置项目三个方面提出了我国未来设立面向全球的科学研究基金的建议,并探讨了相应的遴选、评估和管理机制,以期促进我国科研资助体系的创新发展,逐步提升我国在全球挑战研究中的国际影响力。

关键词：全球挑战全球科研基金资助体系管理机制

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