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Influence of modified biochar supported sulfidation of nano-zero-valent-iron(S-nZVI/BC) on nitrate removal and greenhouse gas emission in constructed wetland

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第3期125卷 568-581页

作者： Fanlong Kong junru wang Weihao Hou Yuqian Cui Lihua Yu Yi Zhang Sen wang College of Environmental Science and Engineering Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China Qingdao Environmental Protection Bureau Laixi BranchQingdao 266699China

In this study,the biochar (BC) produced from sawdust,sludge,reed and walnut were used to support sulfidation of nano-zero-valent-iron (S-nZVI) to enhance nitrate NO_(3)^(-) removal and investigate the impact on greenhouse gas *** experiment results showed the S-nZVI/BC(sawdust (2:1,500)),S-n ZVI/BC(sludge (2:1,900)),S-n ZVI/BC(reed (2:1,700)),and S-n ZVI/BC(walnut (2:1,700))respectively improved NO_(3)^(-) removal efficiencies by 22%,20%,3%and0.1%,and the selectivity toward N_(2)by 22%,25%,22%and 18%.S-nZVI uniformly loaded on BC provided electrons for the conversion of NO_(3)^(-) to N_(2)through *** the same time,FeSxlayer was formed on the outer layer of ZVI in the sulfidation process to prevent iron oxidation,so as to improve the electrons utilization efficiency After adding four kinds of S-nZVI/BC into constructed wetlands (CWs),the NO_(3)^(-) removal efficiencies could reach 100%and the N_(2)O emission fluxes were reduced by 24.17%-36.63%.And the average removal efficiencies of TN,COD,TP were increased by 21.9%,-16.5%,44.3%,*** increasing relative abundances of denitrifying bacteria,such as Comamonas and Simplicispira,suggested that S-nZVI/BC could also improve the process of microbial *** addition,different S-nZVI/BC had different effects on denitrification functional genes (narG,nirk,nirS and nos Z genes),methanotrophs (pmoA) and methanogenesis (mcrA).This research provided an effective method to improve NO_(3)^(-) removal and reduce N_(2)O emission in CWs.

关键词： Sulfidation of nano-zero-valent-iron Biochar Nitrate removal Greenhouse gas Constructed wetland

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Recent advancement of flow-induced piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting techniques:principles,structures,and nonlinear designs

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2022年第7期43卷 959-978页

作者： Dongxing CAO junru wang Xiangying GUO S.K.LAI Yongjun SHEN Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Beijing Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Vibrations and Strength of Mechanical Structures Beijing 100124China School of Automation Beijing Information Science and Technology UniversityBeiing 100192China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong KongChina Hong Kong Branch of National Rail Transit Electrification and Automation Engineering Technology Research Center The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuang 050043China

Energy harvesting induced from flowing fluids(e.g.,air and water flows)is a well-known process,which can be regarded as a sustainable and renewable energy *** addition to traditional high-efficiency devices(e.g.,turbines and watermills),the micro-power extracting technologies based on the flow-induced vibration(FIV)effect have sparked great concerns by virtue of their prospective applications as a self-power source for the microelectronic devices in recent *** article aims to conduct a comprehensive review for the FIV working principle and their potential applications for energy ***,various classifications of the FIV effect for energy harvesting are briefly introduced,such as vortex-induced vibration(VIV),galloping,flutter,and wake-induced vibration(WIV).Next,the development of FIV energy harvesting techniques is reviewed to discuss the research works in the past three *** application of hybrid FIV energy harvesting techniques that can enhance the harvesting performance is also ***,the nonlinear designs of FIV-based energy harvesters are reported in this study,e.g.,multi-stability and limit-cycle oscillation(LCO)***,advanced FIV-based energy harvesting studies for fluid engineering applications are briefly ***,conclusions and future outlook are summarized.

关键词： vibration-driven energy harvesting flow-induced vibration(FIV) piezoelectric approach nonlinear design

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Functionalized Fiber-Based Strain Sensors:Pathway to Next-Generation Wearable Electronics

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Nano-Micro Letters 2022年第4期14卷 90-128页

作者： Zekun Liu Tianxue Zhu junru wang Zijian Zheng Yi Li Jiashen Li Yuekun Lai Department of Materials The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUK College of Chemical Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350116China Institute of Textiles and Clothing Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable SystemsResearch Institute for Smart EnergyThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong KongSARChina

Wearable strain sensors are arousing increasing research interests in recent years on account of their potentials in motion detection,personal and public healthcare,future entertainment,man-machine interaction,artificial intelligence,and so *** research has focused on fiber-based sensors due to the appealing performance of fibers,including processing flexibility,wearing comfortability,outstanding lifetime and serviceability,low-cost and large-scale ***,we review the latest advances in functionalization and device fabrication of fiber materials toward applications in fiber-based wearable strain *** describe the approaches for preparing conductive fibers such as spinning,surface modification,and structural *** also introduce the fabrication and sensing mechanisms of state-of-the-art sensors and analyze their merits and *** applications toward motion detection,healthcare,man-machine interaction,future entertainment,and multifunctional sensing are summarized with typical *** finally critically analyze tough challenges and future remarks of fiber-based strain sensors,aiming to implement them in real applications.

关键词： Wearable strain sensor Fiber functionalization Wearability Flexible electronics Conductive materials

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Fibrinogen deficiency suppresses the development of early and delayed radiation enteropathy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第26期23卷 4701-4711页

作者： junru wang Rupak Pathak Sarita Garg Martin Hauer-Jensen Division of Radiation Health University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

To determine the mechanistic role of fibrinogen, a key regulator of inflammation and fibrosis, in early and delayed radiation enteropathy. METHODSFibrinogen wild-type (Fib+/+), fibrinogen heterozygous (Fib+/-), and fibrinogen knockout (Fib-/-) mice were exposed to localized intestinal irradiation and assessed for early and delayed structural changes in the intestinal tissue. A 5-cm segment of ileum of mice was exteriorized and exposed to 18.5 Gy of x-irradiation. Intestinal tissue injury was assessed by quantitative histology, morphometry, and immunohistochemistry at 2 wk and 26 wk after radiation. Plasma fibrinogen level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTSThere was no difference between sham-irradiated Fib+/+ and Fib+/- mice in terms of fibrinogen concentration in plasma and intestinal tissue, intestinal histology, morphometry, intestinal smooth muscle cell proliferation, and neutrophil infiltration. Therefore, Fib+/- mice were used as littermate controls. Unlike sham-irradiated Fib+/+ and Fib+/- mice, no fibrinogen was detected in the plasma and intestinal tissue of sham-irradiated Fib-/- mice. Moreover, fibrinogen level was not elevated after irradiation in the intestinal tissue of Fib-/- mice, while significant increase in intestinal fibrinogen level was noticed in irradiated Fib+/+ and Fib+/- mice. Importantly, irradiated Fib-/- mice exhibited substantially less overall intestinal structural injury (RIS, P = 0.000002), intestinal wall thickness (P = 0.003), intestinal serosal thickness (P = 0.009), collagen deposition (P = 0.01), TGF-β immunoreactivity (P = 0.03), intestinal smooth muscle proliferation (P = 0.046), neutrophil infiltration (P = 0.01), and intestinal mucosal injury (P = 0.0003), compared to irradiated Fib+/+ and Fib+/- mice at both 2 wk and 26 wk. CONCLUSIONThes

关键词： Radiation enteropathy Knockout mouse model Fibrinogen Inflammation Fibrosis Ionizing radiation

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Food-derived protein hydrolysates and peptides:anxiolytic and antidepressant activities,characteristics,and mechanisms

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1168-1185页

作者： Wenhui Li Yu Xi junru wang Yinxiao Zhang He Li Xinqi Liu Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food AdditivesNational Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation CenterBeijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China

Globally,the prevalence of anxiety and depression has reached epidemic ***-derived protein hydrolysates and peptides delivered through dietary supplementation can avoid the negative risks associated with traditional pharmaceuticals while delivering superior anxiolytic and antidepressant *** review summarizes current research on food-derived anxiolytic and antidepressant protein hydrolysates and peptides,and subsequently analyses their physicochemical characteristics and elaborates on their *** aim of this work is to contribute to the in-depth study and provide a theoretical foundation for the development of related products to better serve patients with anxiety and depression.

关键词： Anxiolytic Antidepressant Peptides Protein hydrolysates Neurotransmitter

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Porous-hollow nanorods constructed from alternate intercalation of carbon and MoS2 monolayers for lithium and sodium storage

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Nano Research 2019年第8期12卷 1912-1920页

作者： Laiying Jing Gang Lian junru wang Mingwen Zhao Xizheng Liu Qilong wang Deliang Cui Ching-Ping Wong State Key Lab of Crystal Materials Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China School of Physics Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Porous Materials Institute for New Energy Materials and Low-Carbon TechnologiesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China Key Laboratory for Special Functional Aggregated Materials of Education Ministry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGeorgia 30332USA

Weak ion diffusion and electron transport due to limited interlayer spacing and poor electrical conductivity have been identified as critical roadbacks for fast and abundant energy storage of both MoS2-based lithium ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium ion batteries (SIBs). In this work, MoS2 porous-hollow nanorods (MoS2/m-C800) have been designed and synthesized via an annealing-followed chemistry-intercalated strategy to solve the two issues. They are uniformly assembled from ultrathin MoS2 nanosheets, deviated to the rod-axis direction, with expanded interlayer spacing due to alternate intercalation of N-doped carbon monolayers between the adjacent MoS2 monolayers. Electrochemical studies of the MoS2/m-C800 sample, as an anode of LIBs, demonstrate that the superstructure can deliver a reversible discharge capacity of 1,170 mAh·g^-1 after 100 cycles at 0.2 A·g^-1 and maintain a reversible capacity of 951 mAh·g^-1 at 1.25 A·g^-1 after 350 cycles. While for SIBs, the superstructure also delivers a reversible discharge capacity of 350 mAh·g^-1 at 0.5 A-g-1 after 500 cycles and exhibits superior rate capacity of 238 mAh·g^-1 at 15 A·g^-1 .The excellent electrochemical performance is closely related with the hierarchical superstructures, including expanded interlayer spacing, alternate intercalation of carbon monolayers and mesoporous feature, which effectively reduce ion diffusion barrier, shorten ion diffusion paths and improve electrical conductivity.

关键词： lithium/sodium ion batteries porous-hollow nanorods expanded interlayer spacing alternate intercalation ultrathin nanosheets

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Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside alleviates trimethyltin chloride-induced neurodegeneration by maintaining glutamate homeostasis through modulation of the gut microbiota

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 1093-1107页

作者： Yu Xi Wenhui Li junru wang Meihong Yu Xiangquan Zeng He Li Jian Li Key Laboratory of Green and Low-Carbon Processing Technology for Plant-Based Food of China National Light Industry Council Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human HealthBeijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China

Trimethyltin chloride(TMT)is a potent neurotoxin to cause neurodegeneration,especially in *** study aimed to identify dietary components that can effectively attenuate TMT-induced neurodegeneration in *** predominant anthocyanin in human diets,cyanidin-3-O-glucoside(C3G,5 or 50 mg/kg),was given to mice for 16 days,and TMT(2.7 mg/kg)was injected intraperitoneally once on the eighth day.C3G(50 mg/kg)significantly alleviated TMT-induced seizures and subsequent cognitive impairment by ameliorating hippocampal neurodegeneration and synaptic ***,C3G treatment restored glutamate homeostasis in brain and reversed glutamine synthetase(GS)inhibition in reactive astrogliosis and neuroinflammation,which are critical for C3G's neuroprotective ***,C3G decreased the lipopolysaccharide,tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6,and interleukin-1βlevels in the mice,which potentially by modulating the relative abundance of Atopobiaceae and Lachnospiraceae in the gut.C3G may be a promising and practical dietary component for reducing TMT-induced neurodegeneration.

关键词： Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside Trimethyltin Neurodegeneration Glutamatergic pathway Gut microbiota

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Study of the tungsten sputtering source suppression by wall conditionings in the EAST tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2021年第5期23卷 11-17页

作者： junru wang Yaowei YU Houyin wang Bin CAO Jiansheng HU Wei XU Institute of Plasma Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People’s Republic of China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People’s Republic of China

The steady fusion plasma operation is constrained by tungsten(W)material sputtering issue in the EAST *** this work,the suppression of W sputtering source has been studied by advanced wall *** is also concluded that the W sputtering yield becomes more with increasing carbon(C)content in the main deuterium(D)*** EAST,the integrated use of discharge cleanings and lithium(Li)coating has positive effects on the suppression of W sputtering *** the plasma recovery experiments,it is suggested that the W intensity is reduced by approximately 60%with the help of~35 h Ion Cyclotron Radio Frequency Discharge Cleaning(ICRF-DC)and~40 g Li coating after vacuum *** first wall covered by Li film could be relieved from the bombardment of energetic particles,and the impurity in the vessel would be removed through the particle induced desorption and isotope exchange during the discharge *** general,the sputtering yield of W would decrease from the source,on the bias of the improvement of wall condition and the mitigation of plasmawall interaction *** lays important base of the achievement of high-parameter and longpulse plasma operation in *** experiences also would be constructive for us to promote the understanding of relevant physics and basis towards the ITER-like condition.

关键词： tungsten sputtering source carbon impurity wall conditioning PWI EAST

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Multifunctional catalytic activity of Cu 3 N(001)surface:A first-principles study

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ChemPhysMater 2023年第3期2卷 231-238页

作者： junru wang Zhichao Liu Zhenhong Dai Xiaohan Song Xiaobiao Liu Department of Physics Yantai UniversityYantai 264005China Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology Jinan 250100China School of Science Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002China

Multifunctional catalysts that exhibit high catalytic performance for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),oxygen evolution reaction(OER),and oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)in a single material hold great promise for broad-spectrum applications,including overall water splitting,fuel cells,and metal-air *** this first-principles study,Cu_(3) N is computationally demonstrated as a multifunctional electrocatalyst for the HER,OER,and ORR owing to the unique coordination of N and Cu atoms on the(001)***_(3) N exhibits better HER catalytic activity than noble Pt-based ***,its OER and ORR catalytic activity is comparable to that of commercialized unifunctional catalysts,and its 4e-pathway selectivity is high during the *** catalytic performance of the ORR is significantly improved by the introduction of vacancy *** integration of highly efficient HER,OER,and ORR catalytic performance in earth-abundant Cu_(3) N not only opens an avenue for developing cost-efficient omnipotent catalysts but also facilitates advances in clean and renewable energy.

关键词： Multifunctional catalysts Overall water splitting Oxygen reduction Cu_(3)N First principles calculations

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Significance of endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of early and delayed radiation enteropathy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第22期13卷 3047-3055页

作者： junru wang Marian Boerma Qiang Fu Martin Hauer-Jensen Department of Surgery University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences United States Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences United States Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences United States Department of Surgery University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Surgical Service Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System4 Little Rock AR United States

This review summarizes the current state of knowledge regarding the role of endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of early and delayed intestinal radiation toxicity and discusses various endothelial-oriented interventions aimed at reducing the risk of radiation enteropathy. Studies published in the biomedical literature during the past four decades and cited in PubMed, as well as clinical and laboratory data from our own research program are reviewed. The risk of injury to normal tissues limits the cancer cure rates that can be achieved with radiation therapy. During treatment of abdominal and pelvic tumors, the intestine is frequently a major close-limiting factor. Microvascular injury is a prominent feature of both early （inflammatory）, as well as delayed （fibroproliferative） radiation injuries in the intestine and in many other normal tissues. Evidence from our and other laboratories suggests that endothelial dysfunction, notably a deficiency of endothelial thrombomodulin, plays a key role in the pathogenesis of these radiation responses. Deficient levels of thrombomodulin cause loss of vascular thromboresistance, excessive activation of cellular thrombin receptors by thrombin, and insufficient activation of protein C, a plasma protein with anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective properties. These changes are presumed to be critically involved in many aspects of early intestinal radiation toxicity and may sustain the fibroproliferative processes that lead to delayed intestinal dysfunction, fibrosis, and clinical complications. In conclusion, injury of vascular endothelium is important in the pathogenesis of the intestinal radiation response. Endothelial-oriented interventions are appealing strategies to prevent or treat normal tissue toxicity associated with radiation treatment of cancer.

关键词： Endothelial cells Thrombomodulin Proteinase-activated receptors Radiation injuries Radiation enteropathy

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