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CMIP 6 models simulation of the connection between North/South Pacific Meridional Mode and ENSO

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第2期42卷 439-453页

作者： Yunlong LU junqiao feng Dunxin HU Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China

The subtropical North and South Pacific Meridional Modes(NPMM and SPMM)are well known precursors of El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO).However,relationship between them is not constant.In the early 1980,the relationship experienced an interdecadal transition.Changes in this connection can be attributed mainly to the phase change of the Pacific decadal oscillation(PDO).During the positive phase of PDO,a shallower thermocline in the central Pacific is responsible for the stronger trade wind charging(TWC)mechanism,which leads to a stronger equatorial subsurface temperature evolution.This dynamic process strengthens the connection between NPMM and ENSO.Associated with the negative phase of PDO,a shallower thermocline over southeastern Pacific allows an enhanced wind-evaporation-SST(WES)feedback,strengthening the connection between SPMM and ENSO.Using 35 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)models,we examined the NPMM/SPMM performance and its connection with ENSO in the historical runs.The great majority of CMIP6 models can reproduce the pattern of NPMM and SPMM well,but they reveal discrepant ENSO and NPMM/SPMM relationship.The intermodal uncertainty for the connection of NPMM-ENSO is due to different TWC mechanism.A stronger TWC mechanism will enhance NPMM forcing.For SPMM,few models can simulate a good relationship with ENSO.The intermodel spread in the relationship of SPMM and ENSO owing to SST bias in the southeastern Pacific,as WES feedback is stronger when the southeastern Pacific is warmer.

关键词： North and South Pacific Meridional Modes(NPMM and SPMM) El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) Pacific decadal oscillation(PDO) Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)

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Variability of the Pacific subtropical cells under global warming in CMIP6 models

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第1期42卷 24-40页

作者： Xue HAN junqiao feng Yunlong LU Dunxin HU Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Laboratory for Ocean Dynamics and Climate Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China

The Pacific subtropical cells(STCs)are shallow meridional overturning circulations connecting the tropics and subtropics,and are assumed to be an important driver of the tropical Pacific decadal variability.The variability of STCs under global warming is investigated using multimodal outputs from the latest phase of the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project(CMIP6)and ocean reanalysis products.Firstly,the volume transport diagnostic analysis is employed to evaluate how coupled models and ocean reanalysis products reproduce interior STC transport.The variation of heat transport by the interior STC under the high-emissions warming scenarios is also analyzed.The results show that the multimodal-mean linear trends of the interior STC transport along 9°S and 9°N are-0.02 Sv/a and 0.04 Sv/a under global warming,respectively,which is mainly due to the combined effect of the strengthened upper oceanic stratification and the weakening of wind field.There is a compensation relationship between the interior STC and the western boundary transport in the future climate,and the compensation relationship of 9°S is more significant than that of 9°N.In addition,compared with ocean reanalysis products,the coupled models tend to underestimate the variability of the interior STC transport convergence,and thus may lose some sea surface temperature(SST)driving force,which may be the reason for the low STC-SST correlation simulated by the model.The future scenario simulation shows that the heat transport of interior STC is weakened under global warming,with a general agreement across models.

关键词： interior subtropical cell(STC) global warming Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project(CMIP6) western boundary transport

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The North Equatorial Current/Undercurrent volume transport and its 40-day variability from a mooring array along 130°E

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2021年第6期39卷 2127-2143页

作者： Xin YUAN Qingye WANG junqiao feng Dunxin HU Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Laboratory for Ocean and Climate Dynamics Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China

Traditionally,the estimated volume transport of the North Equatorial Current/Undercurrent(NEC/NEUC)is based on geostrophic equations and/or model results;however,direct observational evidence has not been acquired.We focused on one-year mooring observation data collected along 130°E and calculated the NEC/NEUC volume transport and explore its variability.Results show that the mean NEC and NEUC volume transports calculated from the mean velocity structures in the upper 950 m are 39 Sv and 6 Sv,respectively.Analysis of daily mooring data indicated that the volume transport of the NEC is approximately 52(±14)Sv and the volume transport of the NEUC is approximately 18(±13)Sv.A significant 40-day variation existed for the volume transport of both the NEC and NEUC.Overall,the intraseasonal variability of the NEC is vertically coherent with that of the NEUC.Observations indicated that the NEUC has three cores centered at approximately 8.5°N(~500 m),12.5°N(~700 m),and 17.5°N(~900 m),of which the middle core(12.5°N)is the strongest.The 40-day variability of the NEC and NEUC is related to the variability of local wind stress curl anomalies among various Madden-Julian Oscillation phases.When local wind field generates a negative(positive)wind stress curl anomaly,a weaker NEC(NEUC)and stronger NEUC(NEC)would occur.

关键词： intraseasonal variability(ISV) North Equatorial Current/Undercurrent(NEC/NEUC) transport Madden-Julian Oscillation(MJO)

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How does the Indian Ocean subtropical dipole trigger the tropical Indian Ocean dipole via the Mascarene high?

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2014年第1期33卷 64-76页

作者： feng junqiao HU Dunxin YU Lejiang Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Wave Chinese Academy of Sciences Applied Hydrometeorological Research Institute Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

The variation in the Indian Ocean is investigated using Hadley center sea surface temperature（SST） data during the period 1958–2010.All the first empirical orthogonal function（EOF） modes of the SST anomalies（SSTA） in different domains represent the basin-wide warming and are closely related to the Pacific El Ni o– Southern Oscillation（ENSO） phenomenon.Further examination suggests that the impact of ENSO on the tropical Indian Ocean is stronger than that on the southern Indian Ocean.The second EOF modes in different domains show different features.It shows a clear east-west SSTA dipole pattern in the tropical Indian Ocean（Indian Ocean dipole,IOD）,and a southwest-northeast SSTA dipole in the southern Indian Ocean（Indian Ocean subtropical dipole,IOSD）.It is further revealed that the IOSD is also the main structure of the second EOF mode on the whole basin-scale,in which the IOD pattern does not appear.A correlation analysis indicates that an IOSD event observed during the austral summer is highly correlated to the IOD event peaking about 9 months later.One of the possible physical mechanisms underlying this highly significant statistical relationship is proposed.The IOSD and the IOD can occur in sequence with the help of the Mascarene high.The SSTA in the southwestern Indian Ocean persists for several seasons after the mature phase of the IOSD event,likely due to the positive wind–evaporation–SST feedback mechanism.The Mascarene high will be weakened or intensified by this SSTA,which can affect the atmosphere in the tropical region by teleconnection.The pressure gradient between the Mascarene high and the monsoon trough in the tropical Indian Ocean increases（decreases）.Hence,an anticyclone（cyclone） circulation appears over the Arabian Sea-India continent.The easterly or westerly anomalies appear in the equatorial Indian Ocean,inducing the onset stage of the IOD.This study shows that the SSTA associated with the IOSD can lead to the onset of IOD with the aid of atmosphere circulation and also explains why some IOD ev

关键词： Indian Ocean dipole Indian Ocean subtropical dipole Mascarene high

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Intraseasonal variability of the equatorial Pacific Ocean and its relationship with ENSO based on Self-Organizing Maps analysis

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2020年第4期38卷 1108-1122页

作者： feng junqiao WANG Fujun WANG Qingye HU Dunxin Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Function Laboratory for Ocean Dynamics and Climate Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China

We investigated the intraseasonal variability of equatorial Pacific subsurface temperature and its relationship with El Nino-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) using Self-Organizing Maps(SOM) analysis.Variation in intraseasonal subsurface temperature is mainly found along the thermocline.The SOM patterns concentrate in basin-wide seesaw or sandwich structures along an east-west axis.Both the seesaw and sandwich SOM patterns oscillate with periods of 55 to 90 days,with the sequence of them showing features of equatorial intraseasonal Kelvin wave,and have marked interannual variations in their occurrence frequencies.Further examination shows that the interannual variability of the SOM patterns is closely related to ENSO;and maxima in composite interannual variability of the SOM patterns are located in the central Pacific during CP El Nino and in the eastern Pacific during EP El Nino.The se results imply that some of the ENSO forcing is manife sted through changes in the occurrence frequency of intraseasonal patterns,in which the change of the intraseasonal Kelvin wave plays an important role.

关键词： intraseasonal variability equatorial Pacific El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) Self-Organizing Maps(SOM)

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Instability in boundary layer between the North Equatorial Current and underlying zonal jets based on mooring observations

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2020年第5期38卷 1368-1381页

作者： WANG Fujun feng junqiao WANG Qingye ZHANG Linlin HU Shijian HU Dunxin Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Wave Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Function Laboratory for Ocean Dynamics and Climate Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266000China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China

Instability/stability in the North Equatorial Current(NEC)basin is studied based on data obtained from nine moorings deployed at 8.5°N,10.5°N,11.0°N,12.5°N,13.0°N,15.0°N,15.5°N,17.5°N,and 18.0°N along 130.0°E during cruises in 2015–2017.In low latitudes,the Coriolis parameter and stratifi cation ratio play important roles in NEC stability,whereas velocity shear and the layer depth ratio are important for NEC stability in high latitudes.Beneath the westward NEC,eastward zonal jets occur intermittently centered around 8.5°N,12.5°N,and 17.5°N along 130.0°E.Similar to the NEC,the main body of these zonal jets also deepens with latitude.In the boundary layer comprising the bottom NEC and upper zonal jets,the growth rate of the NEC is attributed not only to velocity shear but also to zonal jet velocity based on the longwave assumption.Based on the shortwave assumption,the growth rate is proportional to zonal jet velocity but has no relationship with velocity shear.Climatologically,the growth rate in the boundary layer is not zero at 8.5°N,12.5°N,and 13.0°N,where the velocity shear and zonal jets are larger than at other stations.The instability also occurs at the time node when the zonal jets are strong enough,although the mean zonal jets may disappear at this station.

关键词： instability North Equatorial Current(NEC) zonal jets

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Dynamic features of near-inertial oscillations in the Northwestern Pacific derived from mooring observations from^2015 to 2018

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2020年第4期38卷 1092-1107页

作者： HU Shijian LIU Lingling GUAN Cong ZHANG Linlin WANG Jianing WANG Qingye MA Jie WANG Fujun JIA Fan feng junqiao LU Xi WANG Fan HU Dunxin CAS Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao) Qingdao 266237China College of Marine Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China

Near-inertial oscillation is an important physical process transferring surface wind energy into deep ocean.We investigated the near-inertial kinetic energy(NIKE)variability using acoustic Doppler current profiler measurements from a mooring array deployed in the tropical western Pacific Ocean along 130°E at 8.5°N,11°N,12.6°N,15°N,and 17.5°N from September 2015 to January 2018.Spatial features,decay timescales,and significant seasonal variability of the observed NIKE were described.At the mooring sites of 17.5°N,15°N,and 12.6°N,the NIKE peaks occurred in boreal autumn and the NIKE troughs were observed in boreal spring.By contrast,the NIKE at 11°N and 8.5°N showed peaks in winter and troughs in summer.Tropical cyclones and strong wind events played an important role in the emergence of high-NIKE events and explained the seasonality and latitudinal characteristics of the observed NIKE.

关键词： near-inertial kinetic energy western Pacific Ocean tropical cyclones mooring array seasonal variability

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The evolving views of hematopoiesis:from embryo to adulthood and from in vivo to in vitro

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第1期51卷 3-15页

作者： Yifan Zhang feng Liu Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cell and Developmental Biology School of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdaoShandong 266237China State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of ZoologyInstitute for Stem Cell and RegenerationUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

The hematopoietic system composed of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells(HSPCs)and their differentiated lineages serves as an ideal model to uncover generic principles of cell fate transitions.From gastrulation onwards,there successively emerge primitive hematopoiesis(that produces specialized he-matopoietic cells),pro-definitive hematopoiesis(that produces lineage-restricted progenitor cells),and definitive hematopoiesis(that produces multipotent HSPCs).These nascent lineages develop in several transient hematopoietic sites and finally colonize into lifelong hematopoietic sites.The development and maintenance of hematopoietic lineages are orchestrated by cell-intrinsic gene regulatory networks and cell-extrinsic microenvironmental cues.Owing to the progressive methodology(e.g.,high-throughput lineage tracing and single-cell functional and omics analyses),our understanding of the developmental origin of hematopoietic lineages and functional properties of certain hematopoietic organs has been updated;meanwhile,new paradigms to characterize rare cell types,cell heterogeneity and its causes,and comprehensive regulatory landscapes have been provided.Here,we review the evolving views of HSPC biology during developmental and postnatal hematopoiesis.Moreover,we discuss recent advances in the in vitro induction and expansion of HSPCs,with a focus on the implications for clinical applications.

关键词： Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell Developmental hematopoiesis Postnatal hematopoiesis In vitro hematopoiesis

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Early prediction of growth patterns after pediatric kidney transplantation based on height-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 2024年第10期137卷 1199-1206页

作者： feng Yi feng Yonghua Hu Mingyao Xu Hongen Wang Zhigang Xu Shicheng Yan Yongchuang feng Chenghao Li Zhou feng Guiwen Shang Wenjun Department of Renal Transplantation The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan China Precision Medicine Center Academy of Medical Science Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan China

Background: Growth retardation is a common complication of chronic kidney disease in children, which can be partially relieved after renal transplantation. This study aimed to develop and validate a predictive model for growth patterns of children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) after kidney transplantation using machine learning algorithms based on genomic and clinical variables.Methods: A retrospective cohort of 110 children who received kidney transplants between May 2013 and September 2021 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were recruited for whole-exome sequencing (WES), and another 39 children who underwent transplant from October 2021 to March 2022 were enrolled for external validation. Based on previous studies, we comprehensively collected 729 height-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in exon regions. Seven machine learning algorithms and 10-fold cross-validation analysis were employed for model construction.Results: The 110 children were divided into two groups according to change in height-for-ageZ-score. After univariate analysis, age and 19 SNPs were incorporated into the model and validated. The random forest model showed the best prediction efficacy with an accuracy of 0.8125 and an area under curve (AUC) of 0.924, and also performed well in the external validation cohort (accuracy, 0.7949; AUC, 0.796).Conclusions: A model with good performance for predicting post-transplant growth patterns in children based on SNPs and clinical variables was constructed and validated using machine learning algorithms. The model is expected to guide clinicians in the management of children after renal transplantation, including the use of growth hormone, glucocorticoid withdrawal, and nutritional supplementation, to alleviate growth retardation in children with ESRD.

关键词： Growth Machine learning Pediatric kidney transplantation Single-nucleotide polymorphism

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春黄菊干花特征香气成分鉴定及香气协同作用变化评估

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现代食品科技 2023年第1期39卷 291-299页

作者：徐志强熊文冯俊俏牛云蔚烟草化学安徽省重点实验室安徽合肥230088 云南中烟工业有限责任公司云南昆明650231 焦甜香生物科技有限公司安徽芜湖241000 上海应用技术大学香料香精化妆品学部上海201418

该研究以春黄菊干花为研究对象,对其香气化合物及其香气物质间的香气协同作用进行研究。采用顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPME)技术、气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)以及气相色谱-嗅闻技术(GC-O),从中共鉴定出53种挥发性香气成分,其中酯类13种,醛... 详细信息

该研究以春黄菊干花为研究对象,对其香气化合物及其香气物质间的香气协同作用进行研究。采用顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPME)技术、气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)以及气相色谱-嗅闻技术(GC-O),从中共鉴定出53种挥发性香气成分,其中酯类13种,醛类6种,醇类8种,酮类2种,烯烃类11种等。样品中(E)-β-金合欢烯(6.06 mg/L),乙酸(4.61 mg/L),甜没药烯萜醇氧化物B(1.12 mg/L)的含量较高。结合气GC-O和OAV,得到关键香气化合物(OAV>1.00)18种,其中戊酸、癸酸乙酯具有较高数值,可能是主要特征香气化合物。电子鼻提供风味指纹图谱,根据感官分析,选择辛酸乙酯、癸酸乙酯等4种酯和乙酸、戊酸2种酸运用S型曲线法探究得出,乙酸与辛酸乙酯发生协同作用(R=0.48),与癸酸乙酯发生加成作用(R=0.97);而戊酸与癸酸乙酯发生加成作用(R=0.80)。

关键词：春黄菊 GC-MS GC-O 香气强度相互作用

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