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Processes through Which the Grandparents of a Child with Severe Motor and Intellectual Disabilities (SMID) May Become Involved in Raising the Child

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Open Journal of Nursing 2020年第12期10卷 1251-1264页

作者： Yuki Konoshima junko Takemura Yuko Tomari Department of Nursing Faculty of Health and Science Nagoya Women’s University Aichi Japan Faculty of Nursing Osaka Medical College Osaka Japan Graduate School of Nursing Kansai University of Social Welfare Ako Hyōgo Japan

In Japan, it is common practice to involve grandparents in the care of children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities (SMID), as it may be difficult for nuclear families to handle such children by themselves. This study aimed to explore and describe the process through which the grandparents of children with SMID may be involved in their upbringing. Data were obtained via semi-structured interviews with 13 grandparents who had a grandchild with SMID. The collected data were examined using Yasuhito Kinoshita’s modified grounded theory approach. Altogether, 11 categories were identified from 29 themes. The results revealed two broad patterns concerning the nature of the grandparents’ involvement and their definition of grandparenthood in the context of raising a grandchild with SMID. In one process, grandparents supported the child’s family. They also learned to relate to the child and their family, despite experiencing a lack of responsiveness from the child initially. This ultimately resulted in them being inspired by their grandchild. In the other process, the grandparents left the care of their grandchild to the child’s family and chose to monitor the child’s welfare indirectly. In both the processes, the level of involvement was determined by the extent to which the family chose to ask grandparents for help. The study’s findings can be used to identify the kind of support that grandparents of children with SMID require while highlighting the role of considering the needs and intentions of the children’s families.

关键词： Grandparents Children Severe Motor and Intellectual Disabilities Support Extended Family Caregiving Japan

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Examining the Hypothesis of Common Factors Shared by Different Addictive Behaviors and Gender Effects on Propensity to Addiction Type

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Open Journal of Medical Psychology 2024年第3期13卷 58-70页

作者： Masayo Uji junko Watanabe Toshinori Kitamura Department of Clinical Psychology Human Development Education Graduate School of Education Hyogo University of Teacher Education Kat Japan Academic Skill Support Center Kumamoto Health Science University Kumamoto Japan Kitamura Institute Mental Health Tokyo Tokyo Japan

Background: From the two facts reported by previous research: 1) frequent co-occurrence of more than one addictive behavior, 2) childhood adversities identified as origins of different types of addictive behaviors, it is assumed that all types of addictive behaviors, regardless of substance, behavioral, or relationship, share common factors which have not yet been proven by epidemiological research. The Shorter PROMIS Questionnaire (SPQ) was previously developed to assess 16 types of addictive behaviors. Its factor structure, however, has not been fully investigated. Confirming the factor structure will enable us to hypothesize the common factor(s) shared by all, or if not all, most types of addictive behaviors. Aims: This study aimed at 1) examining the factor structure of the SPQ, 2) confirming the reliability of the questionnaire, and 3) examining the impacts of gender and age on each addictive behavior. Methods: Data obtained from 232 Japanese adults who completed all items of the SPQ were used for the analyses. After confirming the one-factor structure model for each of the 16 subscales, the validity of the one-factor structure of the SPQ was evaluated using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), by adapting 16 subscale scores as observed variables. If its validity was not confirmed, another model which showed better compatibility to the data was explored. The reliability of the SPQ as well as that of all 16 subscales was evaluated. Also, the impacts of gender and age on each subscale score were examined. Results: The one-factor structure for each of the 16 subscales was confirmed. The compatibility of the SPQ one-factor model was not acceptable. The best fit model was a bi-factor model in which one main factor was shared by all 16 subscales, and three factors were shared by some specific addictive behaviors. Male respondents were more likely than female respondents to show high scores in Alcohol, Tobacco, Gambling, Sex, and Recreational Drugs, and low scores only

关键词： Addictive Behaviors Shorter PROMIS Questionnaire Confirmatory Factor Analysis

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Endoscopic removal and trimming of distal self-expandable metallic biliary stents

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第21期17卷 2652-2657页

作者： Kentaro Ishii Takao Itoi Atsushi Sofuni Fumihide Itokawa Takayoshi Tsuchiya Toshio Kurihara Shujiro Tsuji Nobuhito Ikeuchi junko Umeda Fuminori Moriyasu Akihiko Tsuchida Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tokyo Medical University Third Department of Surgery Tokyo Medical University

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic removal and trimming of self-expandable metallic stents(SEMS).METHODS:All SEMS had been placed for distal biliary ***-seven endoscopic procedures were performed in 19 patients in whom SEMS(one uncovered and 18 covered) removal had been attempted,and 8 patients in whom stent trimming using argon plasma coagulation(APC) had been attempted at Tokyo Medical University *** APC settings were:voltage 60-80 W and gas flow at 1.5 L/***:The mean stent indwelling period for all patients in whom stent removal had been attempted was 113.7 ± 77.6 d(range,8-280 d).Of the 19 patients in whom removal of the SEMS had been attempted,the procedure was successful in 14(73.7%) without procedure-related adverse *** indwelling period in the stent removable group was shorter than that in the unremovable group(94.9 ± 71.5 d vs 166.2 ± 76.2 d,P = 0.08).Stent trimming was successful for all patients with one minor adverse event consisting of self-limited *** time ranged from 11 to 16 ***:Although further investigations on larger numbers of cases are necessary to accumulate evidence,the present data suggested that stent removal and stent trimming is feasible and effective for stent-related complications.

关键词： Self-expandable metallic stent Endoscopic biliary stenting Endoscopic stent removal Endoscopic stent trimming

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Severe Cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis and corneal endotheliitis after use of topical tacrolimus

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第3期14卷 468-471页

作者： Yukiko Tsubota Yujiro Fujino Kazayoshi Ohtomo Koji Ueda junko Yoshida Takashi Miyai Toshikatsu Kaburaki Chihiro Mayama Japan Community Healthcare Organization Tokyo Shinjuku Medical Center Tokyo 1628543Japan The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine Tokyo 1130033Japan International University of Health and Welfare Mita Hospital Tokyo 1088329Japan Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center Saitama 3308503Japan

Dear Editor,Cytomegalovirus(CMV) uveitis is typically characterized by anterior segment inflammation with coin-shaped or linear keratic precipitates(KPs), mild cells and aqueous flare in the aqueous humor, corneal end... 详细信息

关键词： corneal uveitis inflammation

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中日同传过快语速下的听辨问题及对策分析——以“中国发展高层论坛”模拟会议为例

中日同传过快语速下的听辨问题及对策分析——以“中国发展高层论...

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作者： Yokote junko 上海外国语大学

学位级别：硕士

从事或学习口译的人都遇到过因为讲话者语速过快所导致的听辨问题,特别是像笔者这样的以日语为母语、以中文作为第三外语的口译学习实践者,在进行中译日的同传或交传口译时经常遇到这类问题和困惑。那么,过快的语速或高语速究竟是如何... 详细信息

从事或学习口译的人都遇到过因为讲话者语速过快所导致的听辨问题,特别是像笔者这样的以日语为母语、以中文作为第三外语的口译学习实践者,在进行中译日的同传或交传口译时经常遇到这类问题和困惑。那么,过快的语速或高语速究竟是如何造成听辨和口译的问题的?口译者应该如何解决过快语速下的听辨问题呢?本论文从这一思考出发,对中日同传中中文语速过快所导致的听辨问题进行分析,并对其应对策略进行思考。首先,本论文将中文讲话者的语速分为过快语速、适当语速以及低语速三种。过快语速是指每分钟说话260字以上;适当语速指每分钟180-260字、低语速则每分钟180字以下。然后定义了口译中的“听辨”,即译员听讲座的时候除了听取关键词和想象场景外,还需要在大脑中进行记忆和逻辑分析,为译出做准备。因为口译不是单纯的一种语言向另一个语言转换的活动,因此论文还考察了释义学派理论提出的“脱离语言外壳”的必要性。在上述基本理论基础上,本论文对个人口译案例进行了分析。案例是笔者在课堂里的模拟会议,口译方式是无稿中日同声传译,题目为《中国发展高层论坛》。讲话者脱搞发言,有一位主持人主持论坛。以主持人提问,嘉宾回答的方式进行交谈。通过案例的内容分析,笔者发现口译失败的原因主要来自于过快语速以及讲话者的个人口音两方面。口译员听到讲话者的过快语速发言时,认知负荷迅速增加并直至超过译员信息处理能力。通过对口译失败的具体文本的分析,笔者最后提出了锻炼听辨能力的训练方法、以及口译中解决听辨问题的对应策略。

关键词：过快语速听辨释义学派理论脱离语言外壳认知负荷

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Role of matricellular proteins in cardiac tissue remodeling after myocardial infarction

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World Journal of Biological Chemistry 2010年第5期1卷 69-80页

作者： Yutaka Matsui junko Morimoto Toshimitsu Uede Department of Matrix Medicine Institute for Genetic MedicineHokkaido UniversityKita-15Nishi-7Kita-kuSapporo 060-0815Japan Division of Molecular Immunology Institute for Genetic MedicineHokkaido UniversityKita-15Nishi-7Kita-kuSapporo 060-0815Japan

After onset of myocardial infarction(MI),the left ventricle(LV) undergoes a continuum of molecular,cellular,and extracellular responses that result in LV wall thinning,dilatation,and *** dynamic changes in LV shape,size,and function are termed cardiac *** the cardiac healing after MI does not proceed properly,it could lead to cardiac rupture or maladaptive cardiac remodeling,such as further LV dilatation and dysfunction,and ultimately *** the precise molecular mechanisms in this cardiac healing process have not been fully elucidated,this process is strictly coordinated by the interaction of cells with their surrounding extracellular matrix(ECM) *** components of ECM include basic structural proteins such as collagen,elastin and specialized proteins such as fibronectin,proteoglycans and matricellular *** proteins are a class of non-structural and secreted proteins that probably exert regulatory functions through direct binding to cell surface receptors,other matrix proteins,and soluble extracellular factors such as growth factors and *** small group of proteins,which includesosteopontin,thrombospondin-1/2,tenascin,periostin,and secreted protein,acidic and rich in cysteine,shows a low level of expression in normal adult tissue,but is markedly upregulated during wound healing and tissue remodeling,including *** this review,we focus on the regulatory functions of matricellular proteins during cardiac tissue healing and remodeling after MI.

关键词： Matricellular proteins Myocardial infarction Cardiac healing Cardiac remodeling Extracellular matrix

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Prognosis of cancer with branch duct type IPMN of the pancreas

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第15期16卷 1890-1895页

作者： Nobuhito Ikeuchi Takao Itoi Atsushi Sofuni Fumihide Itokawa Takayoshi Tsuchiya Toshio Kurihara Kentaro Ishii Shujiro Tsuji junko Umeda Fuminori Moriyasu Akihiko Tsuchida Kazuhiko Kasuya Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tokyo Medical University Department of Surgery Tokyo Medical University

AIM:To examine the coexistence of metachronous and synchronous cancer in branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas (IPMN).METHODS: We reviewed the records of 145 patients with branch duct IPMN between January 1991 and April 2008 and assessed the relationship between IPMN and intraor extra-pancreatic carcinoma and the outcome of ***: The mean observation period was 55.9 ± 45.3 mo. Among the 145 patients, the frequency of extra-pancreatic cancer was 29.0%. The frequency of gastric cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, and pan-creatic cancer were 25.5%, 15.7%, 13.7%, and 9.8%, respectively. Twenty (13.8%) of the patients died. The cause of death was extra-pancreatic carcinoma in 40%,pancreatic cancer in 25%, IPMN per se in 20%, and benign disease in 15% of the ***: The prognosis for IPMN depends not on the IPMN per se, but on the presence of intraor extra-pancreatic cancer.

关键词： Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas Long-term follow-up Extra-pancreatic cancer Pancreatic cancer Prognosis

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Perceptions of Reducing HIV-Preventive Behaviors among Men Who Have Sex with Men Living with HIV in Japan

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Health 2018年第12期10卷 1719-1733页

作者： Yuka Matsutaka junko Koyano Yasuharu Hidaka Department of Social and Clinical Psychology Faculty of Contemporary Culture Hijiyama University Hiroshima Japan Matsuhama Hospital Niigata Japan Takarazuka University School of Nursing Osaka Japan

Sexual health and behavior among HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) have attracted attention in Japan and elsewhere. It has been reported that perceptions about sex are one factor leading to a reduction in HIV-preventive behaviors. This study investigated types of perceptions, termed self-talk, which allow HIV-positive Japanese MSM to permit themselves to participate in unprotected anal intercourse (UAI). A package of internet surveys for MSM including 20 items assessing self-talk on UAI and condom usage in anal intercourse was administered in 2014. Data from 479 HIV-positive Japanese MSM were analyzed. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to reveal the factor structure of the self-talk. In addition, using the Kruskal-Wallis test, we examined the relationship between the types of self-talk and the tendency to have UAI. Factor analysis of 20 items assessing self-talk on UAI produced four dimensions: “Diversion/Desire for Stimulation,” “Optimism/Defiant Attitude,” “Denial of Concern of Transmitting,” and “Concern about Relationships.” The score of the subscale “Diversion/Desire for Stimulation” was significantly higher than the other three subscales. It was shown that there was a tendency for the self-talk assessed to be associated with the UAI frequency. The types of perceptions permitting UAI and the psychological stress of being an HIV-positive MSM in Japan were discussed. This study was the first to reveal the factorial structure of perceptions in reducing HIV-preventive behaviors among HIV-positive MSM in Japan. We found positive associations between certain types of self-talk and risky sexual behaviors. We provided recommendations for psychosocial support and HIV risk-reduction intervention for HIV-positive MSM.

关键词： HIV Prevention Safe Sex Men Who Have Sex with Men Perceptions about Sex Psychological Stress

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Development of an Assessment Tool for Domestic Elder Abuse: Creation of Items from a Literature Review

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Advances in Aging Research 2015年第6期4卷 195-204页

作者： Qinqiuzi Yi junko Honda Naohiro Hohashi Division of Family Health Care Nursing Department of Nursing Graduate School of Health Sciences Kobe University Hyogo Japan

Background: With the “super-aging” of society, the prevalence of elder abuse can be expected to come under greater scrutiny. It will be important, therefore, to evaluate the presence and severity of elder abuse so as to prevent abuse and provide greater support for families. Aim: The aim of this study is to identify acts of elder abuse from a literature review in order to develop items for an assessment tool for domestic elder abuse. Methods: For the literature search, ICHUSHI Web, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and PubMed were utilized with the keywords “elder abuse” and “elderly abuse”. A search limited to original articles over the last five years containing descriptions of elder abuse was used in this study. In addition, through hand search, books and websites concerning elder abuse were also studied. Descriptions of the acts of elder abuse from the materials were extracted and categorized by content analysis based on seven subtypes of elder abuse (physical abuse, neglect, psychological abuse, sexual abuse, economical abuse, self-neglect, and social abuse). Results & Conclusions: The final analysis included 18 original articles, two books, and eight websites on elder abuse prevention. A total of 38 acts were extracted as items for the assessment tool, which can be used to evaluate the presence and severity of elder abuse. Further research will be needed to examine the validity and reliability of the assessment tool.

关键词： Domestic Elder Abuse Assessment Tool Literature Review

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Health 2017年第8期9卷 1128-1144页

作者： Tomoko Kawabata Yuko Tomari junko Takemura The University of Shiga Prefecture Shiga Japan Osaka Medical College Osaka Japan Kansai University of Social Welfare Hyogo Japan

The fact that adolescents are starting to smoke at a younger age is an issue in Japan, but no studies have identified the causal relationship between factors affecting this early smoking initiation. The aim of this study was to produce a causal model of factors related to smoking initiation by adolescents and early smoking initiation. A specially prepared questionnaire containing 72 items extracted from previous studies as constituting factors in smoking by minors was administered to 215 students aged ≥ 20 years. All items were rated on a 5-point Likert scale according to how closely they were connected to smoking initiation. Exploratory factor analysis of factors related to smoking initiation by adolescents was performed, after which the data were analyzed by structural equation modeling. The following five factors were found to affect early smoking initiation: self-disgust, growing up in an inappropriate home environment, reduction of norms consciousness for adolescents’ smoking, perception of smoking as stress relief, and inadequate knowledge of the dangers of smoking. The findings suggest that antismoking education for adolescents should provide more information on smoking, and that assessing the home environment and mediating in the parent-child relationship, increasing self- control of stress, emotions, and the capacity for self-regulation, and incorporating parents into antismoking education may also be important.

关键词： Adolescence Smoking Initiation Factor Early Smoking Initiation Structural Equation Modeling

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