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Cell Wall Lignin is Polymerised by Class Ⅲ Secretable Plant Peroxidases in Norway Spruce

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2010年第2期52卷 186-194页

作者： Kurt V.Fagerstedt Eija M.Kukkola Ville V.T.Koistinen junko Takahashi Kaisa Marjamaa Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences Plant BiologyP.O. Box 65 FI-00014 Helsinki UniversityFinland Technical Research Center of Finland (VTT) PL 100002044 VTTFinland

Class Ⅲ secretable plant peroxidases occur as a large family of genes in plants with many functions and probable redundancy. In this review we are concentrating on the evidence we have on the catalysis of lignin polymerization by class Ⅲ plant peroxidases present in the apoplastic space in the xylem of trees. Some evidence exists on the specificity of peroxidase isozymes in lignin polymerization through substrate specificity studies, from antisense mutants in tobacco and poplar and from tissue and cell culture lines of Norway spruce （Picea abies） and Zinnia elegans. In addition, real time （RT-）PCR results have pointed out that many peroxidases have tissue specific expression patterns in Norway spruce. Through combining information on catalytic properties of the enzymes, on the expression patterns of the corresponding genes, and on the presence of monolignols and hydrogen peroxide in the apoplastic space, we can show that specific peroxidases catalyze lignin polymerization in the apoplastic space of Norway spruce xylem.

关键词： Secretable Plant Peroxidases in Norway Spruce

Consideration of Social Aspects and Mental Health of Community-Dwelling Elderly People: A Literature Review

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Health 2020年第5期12卷 486-498页

作者： junko Imaiso Kansai University of Social Welfare Ako-shi Hyogo-Pref Japan

Purpose: A literature review was conducted to explore the social factors and mental health-related scales, and to examine associations between social factors and mental health of the elderly, in order to consider the social aspects and mental health as outcome measurements for an effective community-based care. Methods: An electronic search for English articles published in peer-reviewed journals up to October 2019 was performed using PubMed, MEDLINE, and CINAHL with the following search terms: “social cohesion,” “mental health,” “elderly,” and “community.” Inclusion criteria were 3 as follows;1) studies in community-dwelling elderly people or participants including elderly individuals;2) studies with clear descriptions of social factors in the Methods section;and 3) studies with clear descriptions of health-related items (e.g., mental health) in the Methods section. The extracted articles were subjected to narrative review. Results: In total, 118 articles were identified, of which 11 met the inclusion criteria after critical review of the full text. 6 mental health-related scales were perceived in order to assess of mental health or depression or anxiety of the elderly. And, 4 factors related to social aspects;neighborhood social cohesion, social capital, neighborhood environment, and social support, were perceived. Significant associations between social aspects and mental health of the elderly were examined. In social cohesion, 6 studies reported a significant association with elderly mental health. In social capital, 3 studies reported a significant association with elderly mental health. In neighborhood environment, 3 studies reported a significant association with elderly mental health. Discussion: In the development of an effective community-based care, it may be expected to be focused on social aspects to lead to promoting mental health of the elderly. For the further investigation, it will need to be considered more clearly defined measurements related to s

关键词： Aging Social Factor Mental Health Community-Based Population Health

Significant Differences in Elderly Health between Urban and Rural Communities: A Literature Review

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Health 2019年第5期11卷 567-577页

作者： junko Imaiso Kansai University of Social Welfare Ako-shi Hyogo Prefecture Japan

This study aimed to examine measures pertaining to elderly health in urban versus rural settings, and to identify differences in the health of elderly people living in urban and rural communities through a literature review. An electronic literature search was performed using PubMed for English articles published in peer-reviewed journals up to August 2018, with the following search terms: “urban”, “rural”, “comparison of community”, “elderly health”, and “comparison of community health”. A total of 35 articles were extracted for a critical full-text review, and six articles that met the inclusion criteria were subjected to analysis. Measures related to elderly health in urban and rural communities were classified into the following three categories: functional abilities, health, and health perception. Five of the six articles described functional abilities (e.g., social function) and health (e.g., mental health, depression) as categories with significant differences in elderly health between urban and rural communities. The results suggest that elderly health measures related to social function and mental health or depression are more important outcome measures of effective person-centered integrated community care systems from the perspective of community characteristics. As there were only a few articles reporting on elderly health according to differences in environment between urban and rural communities, further investigation is globally warranted.

关键词： Aging Society Elderly Health Person-Centered Integrated Community Care System Rural Urban

Interlanguage pragmatics study of indirect complaint among Japanese ESL learners

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Sino-US English Teaching 2010年第12期7卷 23-32页

作者： junko Baba Department of Languages Literatures and Cultures University of South Carolina Columbia SC 29208 United States

This interlanguage pragmatics study of linguistic expressions of affect focuses on how Japanese learners of English may express themselves in an affect-laden speech act of indirect complaint. The English as a Second Language （ESL） learners＇ data are compared with the baseline data of native speakers of Japanese （J J） and American English （AA）. The functions of linguistic expressions of affect are classified into intensifiers and specifiers and further breakdown is made in terms of lexical and morpho-syntactic variables. Some major findings include the ESL learners＇ negative transfer from First Language （L1） Japanese into Second Language （L2） by using dislocation and the adversative passive structure, while simultaneously using hedges and aggressive words. Their avoidance of such expressions of affect as hyperbole and curse words can be partially attributed to insufficient vocabulary in L2 English. Conversely, they make an excessive and conscious effort to avoid using the Historical Present （HP） in order to match the tense, which can be interpreted as a sign of hypercorrection of the linguistic specific features in the L2. The paper sheds light on a new area of the linguistic affect as shown by the Asian ESL learners whose first languages are significantly different from their L2 English.

关键词： interlanguage pragmatics indirect complaint affect intensifier specifier

Outcomes of Integrated Community Care Interventions for Frail Elderly People: A Literature Review

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Health 2018年第8期10卷 1120-1131页

作者： junko Imaiso School of Nursing and Graduate School of Nursing University of Shizuoka Shizuoka Japan

This study aimed to summarize the outcome measures and the significant outcome of effective integrated community care for frail elderly people through a literature review. A literature search was conducted using the Cochrane Library and PubMed for articles published up to November 2016 with the following search terms: Integrated community care, primary care, community, frail elderly, and effectiveness. A total of 106 articles were identified, of which eight with an interventional research design the inclusion criteria. All outcome measures were classified into the three categories: Functional abilities, quality of life, and health. As the significant effect, the physical function was perceived in four references, the quality of life in one reference, and the mental health in one reference. The evidence of the effectiveness of integrated community care seemed to be lacking. More studies will need to be conducted.

关键词： Integrated Community Care Primary Care Effectiveness Frail Elderly Global

A case of advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma successfully treated with chemosensitivity test-guided systemic chemotherapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第41期15卷 5228-5231页

作者： Kazumichi Abe Takeru Wakatsuki Fumiko Katsushima Kyoko Monoe Yukiko Kanno Atsushi Takahashi junko Yokokawa Hiromasa Ohira Department of Gastroenterology and Rheumatology Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine 1 Hikarigaoka Fukushima 960-1295 Japan

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma （ICC） is a relatively rare and highly fatal neoplasm that arises from the biliary epithelium. Prognosis is generally poor and survival is limited to a few months. Here we present a case of advanced ICC successfully treated by chemosensitivity test-guided systemic chemotherapy combining S-1 and cisplatin （CDDP）. A 65-year-old woman with a liver tumor was referred to our hospital on November 21, 2007. Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography （CT） showed low-density masses of 50 and 15 mm in diameter, respectively in segment w of the liver and in the enlarged lymph node in the para-aorta. Ultrasonography-guided fine needle biopsy diagnosed the tumors as ICC. Since the patient was inoperable for lymph node metastasis, she underwent systemic chemotherapy with gemcitabine. Six months afcer initiation of chemotherapy, CT revealed ICC progression in the liver and pleural dissemination with pleural effusion. The patient was admitted to our hospital for anticancer drug sensitivity testing on June 9, 2008. Based on the sensitivity test results, we elected to administer systemic chemotherapy combining S-1 and CDDP. Two months into the second chemotherapy treatment, CT revealed a reduction of the tumors in the liver and lymph node and a decrease in pleural *** eight cycles of the second chemotherapy, 17 mo after ICC diagnosis, she is alive and well with no sign of recurrence. We conclude that chemosensitivity testing may effectively determine the appropriate chemotherapy regimen for advanced ICC.

关键词： Chemosensitivity testing Cholangiocarcinoma, Cisplatin Liver neoplasms Gemcitabine S-1 Systemic chemotherapy

Rapid semi-quantification of triacylglycerols,phosphatidylcholines,and free fatty acids in the rice bran of one grain

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第5期17卷 977-981页

作者： junko Nagamoto Ai Sawazaki Motonori Miyago Bungo Shirouchi Mitsukazu Sakata TONG Litao Toshihiro Kumamaru Masao Sato Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry Department of Bioscience and BiotechnologyFaculty of AgricultureGraduate SchoolKyushu University Laboratory of Plant Genetic Resources Institute of Genetic ResourcesKyushu University

We developed a microplate assay method for determining the contents of triacylglycerols（TAGs）, phosphatidylcholines（PCs）, and free fatty acids（FFAs） in the rice bran of one grain using enzymatic reactions. In this method, enzymes from commercially available kits were used. Optimum reaction conditions were established. It was found that Nonidet P-40 was the optimal among the three surfactants used（Triton X-100, Tween 40, and Nonidet P-40） when lipid was dissolved in a reaction solution. Using this method, it was possible to quantify TAGs, PCs, and FFAs in concentration ranges of 7–150, 5–70, and 8–200 mg L-（–1）, respectively. Furthermore, when the TAG contents in the rice bran were measured, the values closely corresponded to those obtained by extracting from large amounts of rice bran. However, sufficient data on the PC and FFA contents in rice bran are not available for valid comparisons. Although this method can accurately quantify the TAG contents in the rice bran of one grain, the accuracy of the PC and FFA contents has not been verified. Hence, future study is necessary.

关键词： rice bran triacylglycerols phosphatidylcholines free fatty acids surfactants

Granular cell tumor of the common bile duct: A Japanese case

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第43期18卷 6324-6327页

作者： junko Saito Michiko Kitagawa Hiroshi Kusanagi Nobuyasu Kano Eiji Ishii So Nakaji Nobuto Hirata Kazuei Hoshi Department of Gastroenterology Chikamori Hospital Kochi 780-8522 Japan Department of Surgery Kameda Medical Center Kamogawa 296-8602 Japan Department of Gastroenterology Kameda Medical Center Kamogawa 296-8602 Japan Department of Pathology Kameda Medical Center Kamogawa 296-8602 Japan

Granular cell tumor (GCT) of the biliary system is rare. It is reported that it occurs more commonly in young black women. We report here our seldom experience of a Japanese case in whom icterus was found as a first symptom just after a caesarean operation. A 36-year-old Japanese woman developed icterus after delivery by the Caesarean operation. A surgical operation was performed without can deny that there was a tumor-related change in a bile duct as a result of examination for various images. As a result of pathological evaluation, GCT was diagnosed. By the preoperative organization biomicroscopy result, it was not able to be attachd a right diagnosis. It was thought that this tumor, although rare, should be considered as one of the causes of biliary stenosis in the younger population.

关键词： Japanese Granular cell tumor Common bile duct Icterus Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

Modulatory effects of Bifidobacterium longum BB536 on defecation in elderly patients receiving enteral feeding

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第14期19卷 2162-2170页

作者： junko Kondo Jin-Zhong Xiao Akira Shirahata Mieko Baba Akie Abe Koichi Ogawa Taeko Shimoda Kitakyushu Hospital Group Food Science and Technology Institute Morinaga Milk Industry Co.Ltd. Clinico Co.Ltd. Division of Medical Nutrition Faculty of HealthcareTokyo Healthcare University

AIM:To investigate the effects of the probiotic Bifidobacterium longum BB536 on the health management of elderly patients receiving enteral ***:Two double-blind,placebo-controlled trials were performed with long-term inpatients receiving enteral tube feeding at Kitakyushu Hospital Group,Fukuoka,***536 was administered as BB536-L and BB536-H powders that contained approximately 2.5 × 10 10 and 5 × 10 10 cfu of BB536,*** the first trial,83 patients(age range:67-101 years) were randomized into 2 groups that received placebo(placebo group) or BB536-H(BB536 group) *** the second trial,123 patients(age range:65-102years) were randomized into 3 groups,and each group received placebo(placebo group),BB536-L(BB536-L group),or BB536-H(BB536-H group) *** patient received the study medication for 16 wk after 1 wk of *** samples were collected from each patient prior to and after the intervention during Trial *** observations included body temperature,occurrence of infection,frequency of defecation,and fecal ***:No significant changes were observed in the frequency of defecation for either treatment in Trial ***,a significant change was noted in the BB536-L group(P = 0.0439) in Trial 2 but not in the placebo or BB536-H *** analyses based on the frequency of defecation for each patient during the pre-observation period for both trials revealed significant increases in bowel movements in patients with a low frequency of defecation and significant decreases in the bowel movements of patients with a high frequency of defecation during the intervention period in the BB536 *** combination of Trials 1 and 2 data revealed a modulatory effect of BB536 ingestion on the changes in bowel *** increased bowel movements were observed in patients in the low frequency subgroup with significant intergroup differences(P < 0.01).Significantly decreased bowel movements wer

关键词： Probiotics Bifidobacterium longum BB536 Elderly Defecation