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Feasibility of low-intensity ultrasound treatment with hydroxylamine to accelerate the initiation of partial nitrification and allow operation under intermittent aeration

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 446-459页

作者： Jianxiong Jian Xiaojian Liao Zhihua Mo Shoupeng Li Lei Li Shaojin Chen Zhenhua huang junhao Chen Wencan Dai Shuiyu Sun Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk ControlSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringInstitute of Environmental Health and Pollution ControlGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong Province Solid Waste Recycling and Heavy Metal Pollution Control Engineering Technology Research Center Guangdong Polytechnic of Environmental Protection EngineeringFoshan 528216China Analysis and Test Center Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China

Partial nitrification is a key aspect of efficient nitrogen removal,although practically it suf-fers from long start-up cycles and unstable long-term operational performance.To address these drawbacks,this study investigated the effect of low intensity ultrasound treatment combined with hydroxylamine(NH2OH)on the performance of partial nitrification.Results showthat compared with the control group,low-intensity ultrasound treatment(0.10W/mL,15 min)combined with NH2OH(5 mg/L)reduced the time required for partial nitrification initiation by 6 days,increasing the nitrite accumulation rate(NAR)and ammonia nitro-gen removal rate(NRR)by 20.4% and 6.7%,respectively,achieving 96.48% NRR.Mechanis-tic analysis showed that NH2OH enhanced ammonia oxidation,inhibited nitrite-oxidizing bacteria(NOB)activity and shortened the time required for partial nitrification initiation.Furthermore,ultrasonication combined with NH2OH dosing stimulated EPS(extracellular polymeric substances)secretion,increased carbonyl,hydroxyl and amine functional group abundances and enhanced mass transfer.In addition,16S rRNA gene sequencing results showed that ultrasonication-sensitive Nitrospira disappeared from the ultrasound+NH_(2)OH system,while Nitrosomonas gradually became the dominant group.Collectively,the results of this study provide valuable insight into the enhancement of partial nitrification start-up during the process of wastewater nitrogen removal.

关键词： Partial nitrification Low-intensity ultrasound Hydroxylamine Ammonia oxidizing bacteria Nitrite oxidizing bacteria

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Bi-directional Control of Synaptic Input Summation and Spike Generation by GABAergic Inputs at the Axon Initial Segment

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2023年第1期39卷 1-13页

作者： Ziwei Shang junhao huang Nan Liu Xiaohui Zhang State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Differing from other subtypes of inhibitory interneuron,chandelier or axo-axonic cells form depolarizing GABAergic synapses exclusively onto the axon initial segment(AIS)of targeted pyramidal cells(PCs).However,the debate whether these AIS-GABAergic inputs produce excitation or inhibition in neuronal processing is not resolved.Using realistic NEURON modeling and electrophysiological recording of cortical layer-5 PCs,we quantitatively demonstrate that the onset-timing of AIS-GABAergic input,relative to dendritic excitatory glutamatergic inputs,determines its bi-directional regulation of the efficacy of synaptic integration and spike generation in a PC.More specifically,AIS-GABAergic inputs promote the boosting effect of voltage-activated Na+channels on summed synaptic excitation when they precede glutamatergic inputs by>15 ms,while for nearly concurrent excitatory inputs,they primarily produce a shunting inhibition at the AIS.Thus,our findings offer an integrative mechanism by which AIS-targeting interneurons exert sophisticated regulation of the input-output function in targeted PCs.

关键词： GABAergic inputs Axon initial segment Synaptic integration Axo-axonic cell Chandelier cell NEURON simulation Dynamic clamp

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Discharge rate consistency of each channel for UAV-based pneumatic granular fertilizer spreader

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2023年第4期16卷 20-28页

作者： Xunwei Wang Rui Jiang Zhiyan Zhou Cancan Song Xiwen Luo Ruifeng Bao Zichen Lyu junhao huang Jianqin Lin College of Engineering South China Agricultural University and Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureGuangzhou 510642China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Artificial Intelligence(GDKL-AAI) Guangzhou 510642China Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Aviation Application(ERCAAA) Guangzhou 510642China Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment(South China Agricultural University) Ministry of EducationGuangzhou 510642China College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 255000China

Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)are widely being used to spread granular fertilizer in China.Granular fertilizer spreaders equipped with UAVs are mainly centrifugal disc-type and pneumatic.The multichannel pneumatic granular fertilizer spreaders(MPGFSs)have a banded fertilizer deposition distribution pattern,which are more suitable for variable rate fertilization with high precision requirement than the circular deposition distribution pattern of disc-type granular fertilizer spreaders(DGFSs).However,the existing MPGFS has the disadvantage of inconsistent discharge rate of each channel,which affects the uniformity of fertilization.In order to explore the causes of inconsistent discharge rate of each channel,the discrete element method(DEM)and bench test were performed to analysis the discharge process of the fluted roller fertilizing apparatus and distribution of fertilizer in axial direction of fluted roller.The computational fluid dynamics(CFD)was used to simulate the airflow field of pneumatic system to analyze the influence of airflow on the movement of fertilizer particles.The simulation results of the discharge process of the fluted roller fertilizing apparatus showed that the filling velocity at the axial ends of the fluted roller fertilizing apparatus was lower than that of the middle.The reason was that the filling capacity was weak near the wall.The simulated results of the airflow field without partitions showed that the airflow provided by the axial flow fan was rotational,and this caused the particles to move irregularly in the throat,resulting in inconsistency discharge rate of each channel.Based on the analysis of reasons of inconsistent discharge rate of each channel,a MPGFS with partitions in the throat was developed.The discharge rate bench tests were carried out to optimize the partition spacing parameters,and fertilization test was performed to test the performance of the improved MPGFS.The discharge rate test results showed better consistency with partition.The coefficient of variation(CV)of th

关键词： UAV discharge rate fertilizer spreader DEM CFD

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Development of UAV-based shot seeding device for rice planting

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2022年第6期15卷 1-7页

作者： Wei Liu Shuaishuai Zou Xuelang Xu Qingyu Gu Weizhuo He Jun huang junhao huang Zichen Lyu Jianqin Lin Zhiyan Zhou Rui Jiang Xiwen Luo College of Engineering South China Agricultural University and Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureGuangzhou 510642China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Artificial Intelligence(GDKL-AAI) Guangzhou 510642China Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Aviation Application(ERCAAA) Guangzhou 510642China Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment(South China Agricultural University) Ministry of EducationGuangzhou 510642China

In order to realize the high-quality row seeding operation with unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)in paddy field,a shot seeding device that can sow five rows of pelleted rice seeds at the same time was designed.The shot seeding device mainly consists of an external grooved wheel seed metering device and five shot seeding modules.The designed external grooved wheel seed metering device can take the seeds out of the seed box and divide the seeds into five parts.The shot seeding module can accelerate the pelleted rice seeds to reduce the impact of the UAV wind on the direction of seed movement.Furthermore,an angle adjustment mechanism for the shot seeding module was used to change the row spacing.The seed metering device test verified that when the speed of the seed metering wheel was 15 r/min,the coefficient of variation of the discharge rate of each row(C.V1)and total seed discharge rate stability(C.V2)were 1.70%and 1.04%,respectively.Image processing technique was used to test the UAV seeding performance.The distribution characteristics of seeds on the ground showed that the number of seeds in each row gradually increased from both sides to the middle in the width direction.According to the statistics,there were 60%-70%of the seeds in each row in the 100 mm width range.The field test showed that when the working height was 1.5 m and the seeding quantity was 38.56 kg/hm^(2),the performance of sowing in rows was obvious,the deviation rate of seeding quantity was 1.89%.After 16 d of sowing,the seeds’emergence rate was stable,and the average emergence rate was 82.63%and the yield was 6775.50 kg/hm^(2).

关键词： unmanned aerial vehicle rice direct seeding row seeding pelleted rice seeds

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中国华东地区旅游交通碳排放测度与驱动因素分析

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环境科学研究 2024年第3期37卷 626-636页

作者：刘俊豪刘榆欣黄蕾南京大学环境学院污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室江苏南京210033 南京大学(苏州)高新技术研究院江苏苏州215123

不同于以往旅游业是绿色环保产业的固有认识,旅游业中交通部分的碳减排也成为实现“双碳”目标的重要组成.基于华东地区六省一市面板数据,提出分时段的不同交通方式碳排放系数,采用“自下而上”替代式系数法准确测度了华东地区各省份的... 详细信息

不同于以往旅游业是绿色环保产业的固有认识,旅游业中交通部分的碳减排也成为实现“双碳”目标的重要组成.基于华东地区六省一市面板数据,提出分时段的不同交通方式碳排放系数,采用“自下而上”替代式系数法准确测度了华东地区各省份的旅游交通碳排放量;构建了包括出行距离和旅游资源禀赋度的驱动因素研究框架,并运用两级LMDI加法分解模型分析了10个驱动因素的影响效应.结果表明:①2001−2021年华东地区的旅游交通碳排放年均增速为2.94%,大致可分为2001−2012年的快速增长阶段、2013−2015年的转型调整阶段、2016−2019年的稳步发展阶段、2020−2021年的剧烈下降阶段.②华东地区旅游交通碳排放总量呈现北高南低的特征,人均旅游交通碳排放量呈中间高、南北低的特征;江苏省为第一大旅游交通碳排放区域,碳排放总量达35978.82×10^(4)t.③旅游规模是首要正向驱动因素,能源效率是首要负向驱动因素;2011年前后10年驱动因素影响效应变化趋势也间接揭示了人民群众的旅游目标从单景点目标转向多元散点的变化趋势.研究显示,华东地区旅游交通碳减排应聚焦在游客出发地与旅游目的地之间以及在旅游目的地期间的全过程,通过结构优化、技术创新和区域协作等方式共同推进节能减排提效.

关键词：旅游交通碳排放 LMDI分解模型华东地区驱动因素

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Putative Mode of Action of the Monoterpenoids Linalool, Methyl Eugenol, Estragole, and Citronellal on Ligand-Gated Ion Channels

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Engineering 2020年第5期6卷 541-545页

作者： Amy SLi Akimasa Iijima junhao huang Qing XLi Yongli Chen College of Natural and Computational Sciences Hawaii Pacific UniversityKaneoheHI 96744USA Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering University of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA Department of Internal Medicine University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCO 80045USA

Essential oil has been used as sedatives,anticonvulsants,and local anesthetics in traditional medical remedies;as preservatives for food,fruit,vegetable,and grain storage;and as bio-pesticides for food production.Linalool(LL),along with a few other major components such as methyl eugenol(ME),estragole(EG),and citronellal,are the active chemicals in many essential oils such as basil oil.Basil oil and the aforementioned monoterpenoids are potent against insect pests.However,the molecular mechanism of action of these chemical constituents is not well understood.It is well-known that the c-aminobutyric acid type A receptors(GABAARs)and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor(nAChR)are primary molecular targets of the synthetic insecticides used in the market today.Furthermore,the GABAAR-targeted therapeutics have been used in clinics for many decades,including barbiturates and benzodiazepines,to name just a few.In this research,we studied the electrophysiological effects of LL,ME,EG,and citronellal on GABAAR and nAChR to further understand their versatility as therapeutic agents in traditional remedies and as insecticides.Our results revealed that LL inhibits both GABAAR and nAChR,which may explain its insecticidal activity.LL is a concentration-dependent,noncompetitive inhibitor on GABAAR,as the half-maximal effective concentration(EC50)values of c-aminobutyric acid(GABA)for the rat a1b3c2L GABAAR were not affected by LL:(36.2±7.9)lmol-1 and(36.1±23.8)μmol·L-1 in the absence and presence of 5 mmol·L-1 LL,respectively.The half-maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)of LL on GABAAR was approximately 3.2 mmol·L-1.Considering that multiple monoterpenoids are found within the same essential oil,it is likely that LL has a synergistic effect with ME,which has been previously characterized as both a GABAAR agonist and a positive allosteric modulator,and with other monoterpenoids,which offers a possible explanation for the sedative and anticonvulsant effects and the insecticidal activities of LL.

关键词： Essential oil c-Aminobutyric acid type A receptor Linalool Monoterpenoid Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

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预制肉类食品中晚期糖基化终末产物的形成及抑制

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食品科学技术学报 2024年第3期42卷 23-34页

作者：黄轶群周军豪李琳王发祥长沙理工大学食品与生物工程学院湖南长沙410114

随着人民生活水平的提高和生活节奏的加快,方便快捷、营养美味的畜禽鱼肉类预制菜肴(简称“预制肉”)正逐步成为老百姓餐桌上的常客。然而,肉类食品通常含有丰富的蛋白质、脂肪及一定量的还原糖,在预制肉加工及其成品后续贮藏、复热过... 详细信息

随着人民生活水平的提高和生活节奏的加快,方便快捷、营养美味的畜禽鱼肉类预制菜肴(简称“预制肉”)正逐步成为老百姓餐桌上的常客。然而,肉类食品通常含有丰富的蛋白质、脂肪及一定量的还原糖,在预制肉加工及其成品后续贮藏、复热过程中不可避免地会发生美拉德反应、脂肪氧化等化学反应,易于导致晚期糖基化终末产物(advanced glycation end products,AGEs)的形成。过多摄入食源性AGEs会增加人体多种慢性病的发生率。基于肉类食品加工、贮藏过程中2种典型AGEs(羧甲基赖氨酸、羧乙基赖氨酸)的主要形成途径,以预制肉从原辅料到餐桌的全过程为主线,重点介绍了原料肉品质、肉类食品加工过程中常用的调味料及食品添加剂、加热熟制、成品贮藏及复热对预制肉中AGEs形成的影响。在此基础上,进一步探讨了预制肉加工及贮藏过程中AGEs形成的抑制策略,主要包括:采用新鲜的优质原料肉,合理选用调味料和添加剂,尽量缩短贮藏时间,在不影响产品质量安全的前提下尽量降低或缩短加热熟制及复热的温度和时间。通过这些阐述,希望为有效控制预制肉中AGEs的形成提供参考,为消费者提供更安全、更健康的预制肉类食品。

关键词：预制菜贮藏复热化学性危害物晚期糖基化终末产物

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基于知识图谱的建筑施工安全风险量化与分析

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安全与环境学报 2024年第6期24卷 2138-2147页

作者：王茹赵俊浩黄炜刘奚卓西安建筑科技大学土木工程学院西安710055 西安建筑科技大学国家级土木工程虚拟仿真实验教学中心 710055

为了提高建筑施工安全风险管理的信息化水平,以建筑施工活动及事故风险类型为研究对象,建立施工安全知识图谱。通过知识图谱改进作业条件危险性评价法(LEC)实现安全风险的定量计算,并基于知识图谱进行风险位置识别和不安全因素分析。研... 详细信息

为了提高建筑施工安全风险管理的信息化水平,以建筑施工活动及事故风险类型为研究对象,建立施工安全知识图谱。通过知识图谱改进作业条件危险性评价法(LEC)实现安全风险的定量计算,并基于知识图谱进行风险位置识别和不安全因素分析。研究提出安全风险虚体实化理念,实现了安全风险信息在数字空间实体化表达;基于建筑信息模型(Building Information Modeling, BIM)和知识图谱技术,建立了建筑施工安全风险信息模型(Building Construction Safety Risk Information Model, BCSRIM)。该模型有效避免了传统LEC法中主观因素产生的影响,实现了建筑施工安全风险定量计算、风险位置识别、风险分析及可视化管理。利用Revit二次开发技术,在Microsoft Visual Studio中使用C#语言连接Neo4j图数据库,完成了基于知识图谱的BCSRIM的开发。试验显示,研究提出的BCSRIM对提高施工现场的管理水平具有较高的实用价值。

关键词：安全工程知识图谱 LEC法安全风险分析虚体实化建筑施工安全风险信息模型(BCSRIM)

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定向碳纳米管/丁苯橡胶复合材料的摩擦学各向异性行为研究

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材料工程 2024年第5期52卷 179-187页

作者：王瑞林瞿俊豪黄海波陆伟强沈东明宁波大学机械工程与力学学院浙江宁波315211 宁波拓普集团股份有限公司浙江宁波315800

应用机械剪切诱导法制备定向碳纳米管/丁苯橡胶(CNTs/SBR)复合材料,研究碳管含量、定向性对复合橡胶材料力学特性和摩擦学特性的影响规律,分析这些结果产生的机理。结果表明:CNTs取向对SBR复合材料的摩擦学性能有显著影响。当CNTs-z垂... 详细信息

应用机械剪切诱导法制备定向碳纳米管/丁苯橡胶(CNTs/SBR)复合材料,研究碳管含量、定向性对复合橡胶材料力学特性和摩擦学特性的影响规律,分析这些结果产生的机理。结果表明:CNTs取向对SBR复合材料的摩擦学性能有显著影响。当CNTs-z垂直于摩擦界面和滑动方向,CNTs-z/SBR的力学、摩擦学性能均优于CNTs-x/SBR和CNTs-y/SBR。当CNTs平行于摩擦界面时,与滑动方向一致的CNTs-x/SBR力学性能优于与滑动方向垂直时的CNTs-y/SBR。CNTs-z可以提升橡胶复合材料的抗剪切性能,降低温升幅度和表面黏附作用,有效提升橡胶材料的摩擦学性能。载荷和速度工况下,摩擦因数与磨损量为负相关关系,即摩擦因数减小而磨损量增大,速度对摩擦学性能的影响大于载荷。研究结果可以为CNTs复合轮胎橡胶材料的摩擦学性能改善以及产业化应用提供科学参考。

关键词：橡胶复合材料定向碳纳米管摩擦学性能力学性能

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Ufadendron elongatum sp. nov., an Angaran Lycopsid from the Upper Permian of Inner Mongolia, China

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Journal of Earth Science 2020年第1期31卷 1-8页

作者： Zhen Tang Yi Zhang Serge VNaugolnykh Changqing Zheng Lu Shi Tao Qin junhao huang College of Earth Sciences Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China Shenyang Center of Geological Survey China Geological SurveyShenyang 110034China College of Paleontology Shenyang Normal UniversityShenyang 110034China Key L aboratory for Evolution of Past Life in Northeast Asia Ministry of Natural ResourcesShenyang 110034China Geological Institute Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119017Russia Kazan Federal University Kazan 420000Russia

A new species Ufadendron elongatum sp.nov.,attributed to the family Tomiodendraceae Naugolnykh,is represented by two well-preserved stems in the collection under study.This new species was recently discovered from the Upper Permian Linxi Formation in the Jalaid locality,the Inner Mongolia Autonomous region,China.The genus Ufadendron is characterized as having the long fusiform leaf cushions,with small and rounded leaf scar containing a central point-like scar which is situated at the upper part of leaf cushion;the infrafoliar bladder of fusiform shape positioned in the middle part of leaf cushion;the wings and heel well-developed in the lateral parts and the lower part of leaf cushion,respectively.The new species is different from the type species U.ufaense(Naugolnykh 2014)collected from the Lower Permian of the Cis-Urals,western limits of Angaraland,in the elongated leaf cushion and in the well-pronounced heel.It should be noted,that a vascular bundle(conductive strand)occupied the middle part of the central point-like scar.So far,only 5 genera of Angaran elements among lycopsids have been discovered in the region geographically belonging to Angaran Realm(Phytogeoprovince)in China.The new species U.elongatum not only enlarges our knowledge on the taxonomy of Tomiodendraceae lycopsids,and also provides an opportunity to understand the difference between Angaran and Cathaysian floras in paleoclimatic context.

关键词： Ufadendron Linxi Formation Upper Permian Angaran lycopsids China

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