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Topology optimization of reactive material structures for penetrative projectiles

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2022年第7期18卷 1205-1218页

作者： Shinyu Kim Saekyeol Kim Taekyun Kim Sangin Choi Tae Hee lee jung Su Park Sang-Hyun jung Department of Automotive Engineering Hanyang University222 Wangsimni-roSeongdong-guSeoul04763Republic of Korea The 4th R&D Institute Agency for Defense Development35Yuseong P.O.BoxDaejeon34186Republic of Korea

Recently,reactive materials have been developed for penetrative projectiles to improve impact resistance and energy ***,the design of a reactive material structure,involving shape and size,is challenging because of difficulties such as high non-linearity of impact resistance,manufacturing limitations of reactive materials and high expenses of penetration *** this study,a design optimization methodology for the reactive material structure is developed based on the finite element analysis.A finite element model for penetration analysis is introduced to save the expenses of the *** resistance is assessed through the analysis,and result is calibrated by comparing with experimental *** on the model,topology optimization is introduced to determine shape of the *** design variables and constraints of the optimization are proposed considering the manufacturing limitations,and the optimal shape that can be manufactured by cold spraying is *** on the optimal shape,size optimization is introduced to determine the geometric dimensions of the *** a result,optimal design of the reactive material structure and steel case of the penetrative projectile,which maximizes the impact resistance,is *** the design process proposed in this study,reactive material structures can be designed considering not only mechanical performances but also manufacturing limitations,with reasonable time and cost.

关键词： Reactive material Penetrative projectile Topology optimization Manufacturing constraint Cold gas dynamic spray Additive manufacturing

Alveolar macrophage phagocytosis-evading inhaled microgels incorporating nintedanib-PLGA nanoparticles and pirfenidone-liposomes for improved treatment of pulmonary fibrosis

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Bioactive Materials 2024年第3期33卷 262-278页

作者： Woo Tak lee Hyunjun lee Juho Kim Yujin jung Eojin Choi Ji Hoon Jeong Jee-Heon Jeong jung Heon lee Yu Seok Youn School of Pharmacy Sungkyunkwan University2066 Seobu-roJangan-guSuwonGyeonggi-do16419Republic of Korea Department of Precision Medicine School of MedicineSungkyunkwan University2066 Seobu-roJangan-guSuwon16419Republic of Korea School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan University2066 Seobu-roJangan-guSuwon16419Republic of Korea

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF)is a chronic inflammatory and fibrotic response-driven lung disease that is difficult to cure because it manifests excessive profibrotic cytokines(e.g.,TGF-β),activated myofibroblasts,and accumulated extracellular matrix(ECM).In an attempt to develop an inhalation formulation with enhanced antifibrotic efficacy,we sought to fabricate unique aerosolizable inhaled microgels(μGel)that contain nintedanib-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)nanoparticles(NPs;n-PN)and pirfenidone-liposomes(p-LP).The aero-μGel was~12μm,resisted phagocytosis by alveolar macrophages in vitro and in vivo,and protected inner-entrapped n-PN and *** n-PN/p-LP@aero-μGel caused enhanced/extended antifibrotic efficacy in a bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis mouse presumably due to prolonged lung ***,the results obtained by intratracheal aerosol insufflation of our n-PN/p-LP@aero-μGel twice a week were much better than those by as many as seven doses of single or mixed applications of n-PN or *** antifibrotic/pharmacokinetic results for the n-PN/p-LP@aero-μGel included reduced fibrosis progression,restored lung physiological functions,deactivated myofibroblasts,inhibited TGF-βprogression,and suppressed ECM component production(collagen I andα-SMA)along with prolonged lung retention *** believe that our n-PN/p-LP@aero-μGel increased the local availability of both nintedanib and pirfenidone due to evasion of alveolar macrophage phagocytosis and prolonged lung retention with reduced systemic *** this approach,our inhalation formulation subsequently attenuated fibrosis progression and improved lung ***,these results hold profound implications in the therapeutic potential of our n-PN/p-LP@aero-μGel to serve as a clinically promising platform,providing significant advancements for improved treatment of many respiratory diseases including IFP.

关键词： Aerosolizable microgel Lung retention Extracellular matrix Pro-inflammatory cytokines Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Quantitative comparison of similarity measure and entropy for fuzzy sets

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Journal of Central South University 2011年第6期18卷 2045-2049页

作者： jung Dong-yean CHOI jung-Wook PARK Wook-Je lee Sang-Hyuk Daeho Tech Changwon Gyeongnam Institute for Information and Electronics Research Inha University Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University

Comparison and data analysis with the similarity measures and entropy for fuzzy sets were carried out. The distance proportional value between the fuzzy set and the corresponding crisp set was considered by the fuzzy entropy. The relation between the similarity measure and the entropy for fuzzy set was also analyzed. The fuzzy entropy was reformulated as the dissimilarity measure. Furthermore, crisp set having the minimum uncertainty with respect to the corresponding fuzzy set was also proposed. Finally, derivation of a similarity measure from entropy with the help of total information property was derived. A simple example shows the relation between similarity measure and fuzzy entropy, in which the summation of similarity measure and fuzzy entropy represents a constant value.

关键词： similarity measure fuzzy entropy minimum uncertainty quantitative comparison

Novel Intense-pulsed-light synthesis of amorphous SnO_(2)electron-selective layers for efficient planar MAPbI_(3)perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第33期92卷 171-177页

作者： Kwonwoo Oh Kyungeun jung Jaehak Shin Sunglim Ko Man-Jong lee Department of Chemistry Konkuk UniversitySeoul 143-701Republic of Korea Department of Advanced Technology Fusion Konkuk UniversitySeoul 143-701Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Design and Production Engineering Konkuk UniversitySeoul 143-701Republic of Korea

Although perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have achieved a high power conversion efficiency(PCE)within a short period of development,the high-temperature sintering of the constituent electron-selective layers(ESLs)impedes the *** this report,we demonstrate the effectiveness of an intensepulsed-light(IPL)treatment for the rapid and damage-free sintering of amorphous-SnO_(2)ESLs for use in *** IPL treatment of amorphous-SnO_(2)substantially reduced the amount of surface hydroxyl groups,modified the surface energy,and enabled the growth of a low-stress perovskite layer with large grain sizes,all of which enhanced the photovoltaic properties and led to the proper alignment of band structures for efficient *** comprehensive optimization of the IPL conditions,a PCE of 17.68%was achieved from the MAPb I3 planar PSC based on an amorphous-SnO_(2)IPL treated for a few tens of seconds,which was significantly increased compared with a PCE(7.06%)of nontreated SnO_(2)based *** addition,the PCE of the IPL-treated SnO_(2)based PSC is comparable to the best PCE(18.16%)of PSCs fabricated with SnO_(2)ESL annealed for three hours at 185℃.Because of its ultrafast sintering time and tendency to not damage SnO_(2)ESLs,the new IPL process is expected to open new opportunities for the commercialization of PSCs.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells Intense pulsed light Amorphous SnO_(2) Electron-selective layer Internal stress

Solar-harvesting lead halide perovskite for artificial photosynthesis

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第11期30卷 11-26,I0001页

作者： Sunje lee Gyu Yong Jang jung Kyu Kim Jong Hyeok Park Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei University50 Yonsei-roSeodaemun-guSeoul 03722Republic of Korea School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)2066 Seobu‐roJangan‐guSuwon 16419Republic of Korea

Facing the upcoming energy and environmental crisis, artificial photosynthesis for producing various solar fuels (e.g., hydrogen or carbon products) via a solar-to-chemical energy conversion is receiving increasing attention;however, its low conversion efficiency is a challenge for commercialization. To resolve low-efficiency issues, lead halide perovskite (LHP) with outstanding optoelectronic properties compared to conventional semiconductors can be a promising approach to improve the solar-to-fuel conversion reactions and solar fuel production efficiency. The tunable energy band structure and charge transport properties of LHP have promoted their extensive use in the production of solar fuels. This study summarizes the recent advancements of LHP-mediated solar-to-fuel conversions, classified by their redox reactions, namely solar water splitting, hydrohalic acid splitting, and CO_(2) reduction. Advanced approaches for achieving high conversion efficiency and long-term durability are discussed, including the configuration of devices, the composition of LHP, and the protection strategy of LHP. Moreover, the reaction mechanisms of LHP-mediated solar-to-chemical energy conversions and obstacles for enhancing the conversion efficiency are discussed. Finally, we present the perspectives on the development of LHP-incorporated solar-to-fuel conversion systems, which might open a new era of energy harvesting and storage.

关键词： Perovskite Photocatalytic reaction Photoelectrochemistry Photovoltaic Water splitting HI splitting CO_(2)reduction

Colonoscopy-induced ischemic colitis in patients without risk factors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第13期20卷 3698-3702页

作者： Sang Ok lee Sae Hee Kim Sung Hee jung chan Woong Park Min Ji lee Jin A lee Hyun Cheol Koo Anna Kim Hyun-Young Han Dong-Wook Kang Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineEulji University College of MedicineEulji University HospitalDaejeon 302-779South Korea Department of radiology Eulji University College of MedicineEulji University HospitalDaejeon 302-779South Korea Department of pathology Eulji University College of MedicineEulji University HospitalDaejeon 302-779South Korea

Ischemic colitis is the most common form of intestinal *** is a condition that is commonly seen in the elderly and among individuals with risk factors for *** predisposing conditions for ischemic colitis are major vascular occlusion,small vessel disorder,shock,some medications,colonic obstructions and hematologic *** colitis following colonoscopy is ***,we report two cases of ischemic colitis after a routine screening colonoscopy in patients without risk factors for ischemia.

关键词： Ischemic colitis Colonoscopy Hematochezia

A novel device for endoscopic submucosal dissection,the Fork knife

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第43期14卷 6726-6732页

作者： Hyun Gun Kim Joo Young Cho Gene Hyun Bok Won Young Cho Wan jung Kim Bong Min Ko Jin Oh Kim Joon Seong lee Moon Sung lee chan Sup Shim Institute for Digestive Research Digestive Disease Research CenterSoonChunHyang University College of MedicineSeoul 140-743South Korea

AIM： To introduce and evaluate the efficacy and technical aspects of endoscopic submucosal dissection （ESD） using a novel device, the Fork knife. METHODS： From March 2004 to April 2008, ESD was performed on 265 gastric lesions using a Fork knife （Endo FS）（group A） and on 72 gastric lesions using a Flexknife （group B） at a single tertiary referral center. We retrospectively compared the endoscopic characteristics of the tumors, pathological findings, and sizes of the resected specimens. We also compared the en b/oc resection rate, complete resection rate, complications, and procedure time between the two groups. RESULTS： The mean size of the resected specimens was 4.27 ± 1.26 cm in group A and 4.29 ± 1.48 cm in group B. The en b/oc resection rate was 95.8% （254/265 lesions） in group A and 93.1% （67/72） in group B. Complete ESD without tumor cell invasion of the resected margin was obtained in 81.1% （215/265） of group A and in 73.6% （53/72） of group B. The perforation rate was 0.8% （2/265） in group A and 1.4% （1/72） in group B. The mean procedure time was 59.63 ± 56.12 min in group A and 76.65 ± 70.75 min in group B （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： The Fork knife （Endo FS） is useful for clinical practice and has the advantage of reducing the procedure time.

关键词： Fork knife Novel device Endoscopic submucosal dissection Flexknife Procedure

Formation of intermetallic compound at interface between rare earth elements and ferritic-martensitic steel by fuel cladding chemical interaction

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Journal of Rare Earths 2012年第6期30卷 599-603页

作者： Jun Hwan Kim Byoung Oon lee chan Bock lee Seung Hyun Jee Young Soo Yoon Advanced Fuel Development Division Korea Atomic Energy Research InstituteP.O.Box 105YuseongDaejeon305-600Republic of Korea Department of Mate-rials Science and Engineering Yonsei University134 Sinchon DongSeoul120-749Republic of Korea

The intermetallic compounds formation at interface between rare earth elements and clad material were investigated to demonstrate the effects of rare earth elements on fuel-cladding chemical interaction （FCCI） behavior. Mischmetal （70Ce-30La） and Nd were prepared as rare earth elements. Diffusion couple testing was performed on the rare earth elements and cladding （9Cr2W steel） near the operation temperature of （sodium-cooled fast reactor） SFR fuel. The performance of a diffusion barrier consisting of Zr and V metallic foil against the rare earth elements was also evaluated. Our results showed that Ce and Nd in the rare earth elements and Fe in the clad material interdiffused and reacted to form intermetallic species according to the parabolic rate law, describing the migration of the rare earth element. The diffusion of Fe limited the reaction progress such that the entire process was governed by the cubic rate law. Rare earth materials could be used as a surrogate for high burnup metallic fuels, and the performance of the barrier material was demonstrated to be effective.

关键词： intermetallic compound sodium-cooled fast reactor (SFR) metallic fuel fuel-cladding chemical interaction (FCCI) rare earths Barrier

Patient safety culture and handoff evaluation of nurses in small and medium-sized hospitals

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2021年第1期8卷 58-64,I0004页

作者： jung Hee Kim jung Lim lee Eun Man Kim Department of Nursing Science Shinsung UniversityChungnamSouth Korea Department of Nursing Daejeon UniversityDaejeonSouth Korea Department of Nursing Science Sun Moon UniversityChungnamSouth Korea

Objectives:This study was conducted to investigate the current status of handoffs,perception of patient safety culture,and degrees of handoff evaluation in small and medium-sized hospitals and identified factors that make a difference in handoff ***:This is a descriptive study.425 nurses who work at small and medium-sized hospitals in South Korea were included in our *** completed a set of self-reporting questionnaires that evaluated demographic data,handoff-related characteristics,perception of patient safety culture,and handoff ***:Results showed that the overall score of awareness of a patient safety culture was 3.65±0.45,the level was *** score of handoff evaluation was 5.24±*** nurses experienced errors in handoff and most nurses had no guidelines and checklist in the *** evaluation differed significantly according to the level of education,work patterns,duration of hospital employment,handoff method,degree of satisfaction with the current handoff method,errors occurring at the time of handoff,handoff guidelines,and appropriateness of handoff education time(P<0.05).Conclusion:For handoff improvement,guidelines and standards should be *** is necessary to develop a structured handoff education *** formal handoff education should be implemented to spread knowledge uniformly.

关键词： Evaluation studies Handoff Hospital nursing staff Patient safety