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Is transcranial direct current stimulation a potential method for improving response inhibition?

Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第11期8卷 1048-1054页

作者： Yong Hyun kwon jung won kwon Department of Physical Therapy Yeungnam College of Science & Technology Department of Physical Therapy College of Rehabilitation Science Daegu University

Inhibitory control of movement in motor learning requires the ability to suppress an inappropriate action, a skill needed to stop a planned or ongoing motor response in response to changes in a variety of environments. This study used a stop-signal task to determine whether transcranial direct-current stimulation over the pre-supplementary motor area alters the reaction time in motor inhibition. Forty healthy subjects were recruited for this study and were randomly assigned to either the transcranial direct-current stimulation condition or a sham-transcranial direct-current stimulation condition. All subjects consecutively performed the stop-signal task before, during, and after the delivery of anodal transcranial direct-current stimulation over the pre-supplementary motor area （pre-transcranial direct-current stimulation phase, transcranial direct-current stimulation phase, and post-transcranial direct-current stimulation phase）. Compared to the sham condition, there were significant reductions in the stop-signal processing times during and after transcranial direct-current stimulation, and change times were significantly greater in the transcranial direct-current stimulation condition. There was no significant change in go processing-times during or after transcranial direct-current stimulation in either condition. Anodal transcranial direct-current stimulation was feasibly coupled to an interactive improvement in inhibitory control. This coupling led to a decrease in the stop-signal process time required for the appropriate responses between motor execution and inhibition. However, there was no transcranial direct-current stimulation effect on the no-signal reaction time during the stop-signal task. Transcranial direct-current stimulation can adjust certain behaviors, and it could be a useful clinical intervention for patients who have difficulties with response inhibition.

关键词： neural regeneration neurorehabilitation transcranial direct current stimulation pre-supplementarymotor area stop-signal task response inhibition inhibitory control motor learning behavioralmodification grants-supported paper neuroregeneration

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Changes in brain activation patterns according to cross-training effect in serial reaction time task An functional MRI study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第7期8卷 639-646页

作者： Yong Hyun kwon jung won kwon Ji won Park Department of Physical Therapy Yeungnam College of Science & Technology Department of Physical Therapy College of Health Science Catholic University of Daegu

Cross-training is a phenomenon related to motor learning, where motor performance of the untrained limb shows improvement in strength and skill execution following unilateral training of the homologous contralateral limb. We used functional MRI to investigate whether motor performance of the untrained limb could be improved using a serial reaction time task according to motor sequential learning of the trained limb, and whether these skill acquisitions led to changes in brain activation patterns. We recruited 20 right-handed healthy subjects, who were randomly allocated into training and control groups. The training group was trained in performance of a serial reaction time task using their non-dominant left hand, 40 minutes per day, for 10 days, over a period of 2 weeks. The control group did not receive training. Measurements of response time and percentile of response accuracy were performed twice during pre- and post-training, while brain functional MRI was scanned during performance of the serial reaction time task using the untrained right hand. In the training group, prominent changes in response time and percentile of response accuracy were observed in both the untrained right hand and the trained left hand between pre- and post-training. The control group showed no significant changes in the untrained hand between pre- and post-training. In the training group, the activated volume of the cortical areas related to motor function （i.e., primary motor cortex, premotor area, posterior parietal cortex） showed a gradual decrease, and enhanced cerebellar activation of the vermis and the newly activated ipsilateral dentate nucleus were observed during performance of the serial reaction time task using the untrained right hand, accompanied by the cross-motor learning effect. However, no significant changes were observed in the control group. Our findings indicate that motor skills learned over the 2-week training using the trained limb were transferred to the opposi

关键词： neural regeneration neuroimaging cross-training effects motor skill learning cortical activation cerebellar activation serial reaction time task functional MRI response time response accuracy primary motor cortex dentate nucleus vermis grants-supported paper photographs-containingpaper neuroregeneration

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Adoption of wide-bandgap microcrystalline silicon oxide and dual buffers for semitransparent solar cells in building-integrated photovoltaic window system

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第8期35卷 1563-1569页

作者： Johwa Yang Hyunjin Jo Soo-won Choi Dong-won Kang jung-Dae kwon Surface Technology Division Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 641-831 Republic of Korea School of Energy Systems Engineering Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974 Republic of Korea

We focused on developing penetration-type semitransparent thin-film solar cells(STSCs) using hydrogenated amorphous Si(a-Si:H) for a building-integrated photovoltaic(BIPV) window system. Instead of conventional p-type a-Si:H, p-type hydrogenated microcrystalline Si oxide(p-μc-SiOx:H) was introduced for a wide-bandgap and conductive window layer. For these purposes, we tuned the CO2/SiH4 flow ratio(R) during p-μc-SiOx:H deposition. The film crystallinity decreased from 50% to 13% as R increased from 0.2 to 1.2. At the optimized R of 0.6, the quantum efficiency was improved under short wavelengths by the suppression of p-type layer parasitic absorption. The series resistance was well controlled to avoid fill factor loss at R = 0.6. Furthermore, we introduced dual buffers comprising p-a-SiOx:H/i-a-Si:H at the p/i interface to alleviate interfacial energy-band mismatch. The a-Si:H STSCs with the suggested window and dual buffers showed improvements in transmittance and efficiency from 22.9% to 29.3% and from 4.62% to 6.41%, respectively, compared to the STSC using a pristine p-a-Si:H window.

关键词： Microcrystalline silicon oxide Building-integrated photovoltaics Semitransparent Thin film Solar cells

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Comparison of two Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy: cruciate pattern vs circular pattern with vitreous strand cutting

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第2期11卷 235-239页

作者： Jin-Soo Kim jung Yeol Choi Ji-won kwon won Ryang Wee Young Keun Han Department of Ophthalmology Seoul National University College of Medicine Department of Ophthalmology Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center Department of Ophthalmology Seonam University College of Medicine Myongji Hospital

AIM： To investigate the effects and safety of neodymium： yttrium-aluminium-garnet（Nd：YAG） laser posterior capsulotomy with vitreous strand cuttingMETHODS： A total of 40 eyes of 37 patients with symptomatic posterior capsular opacity（PCO） were included in this prospective randomized study and were randomly subjected to either cruciate pattern or round pattern Nd：YAG posterior capsulotomy with vitreous strand cutting（modified round pattern）. The best corrected visual acuity（BCVA）, intraocular pressure（IOP）, refractive error, endothelial cell count（ECC）, anterior segment parameters, including anterior chamber depth（ACD） and anterior chamber angle（ACA） were measured before and 1 mo after the laser posterior capsulotomy. RESULTS： In both groups, the BCVA improved significantly（P〈0.001 for the modified round pattern group, P=0.001 for the cruciate pattern group）; the IOP and ECC did not significantly change. The ACD significantly decreased（P〈0.001 for both） and the ACA significantly increased（P=0.001 for the modified round pattern group and P=0.034 for the cruciate group）. The extent of changes in these parameters was not significantly different between the ***： Modified round pattern Nd：YAG laser posterior capsulotomy is an effective and safe method for the treatment of PCO. This method significantly changes the ACD and ACA, but the change in refraction is not significant. Modified round pattern Nd：YAG laser posterior capsulotomy can be considered a good alternative procedure in patients with symptomatic PCO.

关键词： posterior capsulotomy modified round pattern vitreous strand cutting anterior segment parameter

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Effect of Hemodilution on Fluctuation of Cerebral Oxygen Saturation during Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Children with Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease

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Congenital Heart Disease 2021年第2期16卷 123-136页

作者： Misook Seo In-Kyung Song Hye-Mee kwon Byungdoo Andrew Lee won-jung Shin Department of Anesthesiology Damsoyu HospitalSeoulKorea Department Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Laboratory for Cardiovascular DynamicsAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoul05505Korea

Background:In patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease(CHD),cerebral oxygenation may be maintained by elevations in hematocrit(Hct).Hemodilution accompanying cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB),however,can disrupt cerebral oxygen balance,leading to fluctuations in cerebral oxygen saturation(ScO_(2)).The present study investigated the effects of Hct changes on the fluctuation of ScO_(2)during CPB in cyanotic CHD using performance measurement(PM).Methods:Children with CHD(51 acyanotic and 46 cyanotic)who had undergone cardiac surgery using CPB were *** performance error(MDPE),median absolute performance error(MDAPE),and wobble parameters of ScO_(2)were calculated before(reference value),during,and after *** of PM parameters with Hct and reductions in Hct(ΔHct)were also ***:Before CPB,patients with cyanotic CHD had lower MDPE and larger wobble than those with acyanotic CHD,although mean ScO_(2)did not differ significantly between the two *** CPB,ScO_(2)of acyanotic CHD increased asΔHct increased,but PM variables were not associated withΔ*** cyanotic CHD,MDPE(r=−0.324,p=0.032)and MDAPE(r=0.339,p=0.024)correlated significantly withΔHct during *** CPB,MDPE(r=0.574,p=0.025)and MDAPE(r=−0.543,p=0.036)were significantly correlated with Hct in children with cyanotic CHD who underwent palliative ***:Therefore,ScO_(2)fluctuation during CPB in children with cyanotic CHD may be affected by the decrease in Hct,suggesting that excessive hemodilution can negatively influence the maintenance of cerebral oxygenation in these patients.

关键词： Cardiopulmonary bypass cerebral oxygen saturation children congenital heart disease hemodilution

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Classification of Precipitation Types Using Fall Velocity–Diameter Relationships from 2D-Video Distrometer Measurements

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2015年第9期32卷 1277-1290页

作者： Jeong-Eun LEE Sung-Hwa jung Hong-Mok PARK Soohyun kwon Pay-Liam LIN Gyu won LEE Department of Astronomy and Atmospheric Sciences Research and Training Team for Future Creative Astrophysicists and CosmologistsKyungpook National University Center for Atmospheric Remote Sensing Kyungpook National University Departmentof Atmospheric Sciences NCUTaipei

Fall velocity–diameter relationships for four different snowflake types（dendrite,plate,needle,and graupel） were investigated in northeastern South Korea,and a new algorithm for classifying hydrometeors is proposed for distrometric measurements based on the new *** ice crystals（approximately 40 000 particles） were measured with a two-dimensional video disdrometer（2DVD） during a winter experiment from 15 January to 9 April *** fall velocity–diameter relationships were derived for the four types of snowflakes based on manual classification by experts using snow photos and 2DVD measurements：the coefficients（exponents） for different snowflake types were 0.82（0.24） for dendrite,0.74（0.35） for plate,1.03（0.71） for needle,and 1.30（0.94） for graupel,*** new relationships established in the present study（PS） were compared with those from two previous *** types were classified with the derived fall velocity–diameter relationships,and the classification algorithm was evaluated using 3 × 3 contingency tables for one rain–snow transition event and three snowfall *** algorithm showed good performance for the transition event：the critical success indices（CSIs） were 0.89,0.61 and 0.71 for snow,wet-snow and rain,*** snow events,the algorithm performance for dendrite and plate（CSIs = 1.0 and 1.0,respectively） was better than for needle and graupel（CSIs = 0.67 and 0.50,respectively）.

关键词： snowflake types wet snow fall velocity–diameter hydrometeor type classification 2DVD

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Decellularized sciatic nerve matrix as a biodegradable conduit for peripheral nerve regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第10期13卷 1796-1803页

作者： Jongbae Choi Jun Ho Kim Ji Wook Jang Hyun jung Kim Sung Hoon Choi Sung won kwon R&D Center Genewel Co.Ltd. Department of Surgery CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA University

The use of autologous nerve grafts remains the gold standard for treating nerve defects, but current nerve repair techniques are limited by donor tissue availability and morbidity associated with tissue loss. Recently, the use of conduits in nerve injury repair, made possible by tissue engineering, has shown therapeutic potential. We manufactured a biodegradable, collagen-based nerve conduit containing decellularized sciatic nerve matrix and compared this with a silicone conduit for peripheral nerve regeneration using a rat model. The collagen-based conduit contains nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and laminin, as demonstrated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that the collagen-based conduit had an outer wall to prevent scar tissue infiltration and a porous inner structure to allow axonal growth. Rats that were implanted with the collagen-based conduit to bridge a sciatic nerve defect experienced significantly improved motor and sensory nerve functions and greatly enhanced nerve regeneration compared with rats in the sham control group and the silicone conduit group. Our results suggest that the biodegradable collagen-based nerve conduit is more effective for peripheral nerve regeneration than the silicone conduit.

关键词： nerve regeneration biodegradable decellularized collagen nerve conduit growth factor peripheral nerve injury regeneration silicone conduit rat model

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Simple colonoscopy reporting system checking the detection rate of colon polyps

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第31期21卷 9380-9386页

作者： Jae Hyun Kim Youn jung Choi Hye jung kwon Seun Ja Park Moo In Park won Moon Sung Eun Kim Department of Internal Medicine Kosin University College of Medicine

AIM: To present a simple colonoscopy reporting system that can be checked easily the detection rate of colon ***: A simple colonoscopy reporting system Kosin Gastroenterology(KG quality reporting system) was developed. The polyp detection rate(PDR),adenoma detection rate(ADR),serrated polyp detection rate(SDR),and advanced adenoma detection rate(AADR) are easily calculated to use this ***: In our gastroenterology center,the PDR,ADR,SDR,and AADR test results from each gastroenterologist were updated,every month. Between June 2014,when the program was started,and December 2014,the overall PDR and ADR in our center were 62.5% and 41.4%,respectively. And the overall SDR and AADR were 7.5% and 12.1%,***: We envision that KG quality reporting system can be applied to develop a comprehensive system to check colon polyp detection rates in other gastroenterology centers.

关键词： Colon polyp Detection rate Reporting system

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Naturalization of Landscaping Woody Plant, Magnolia obovata Potentially Invasive Species

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第1期12卷 30-38页

作者： kwon Oh jung OH Choong Hyeon Graduate School Department of Biological and Environmental Science Dongguk University Department of Biological and Environmental Science Dongguk University

Magnolia obovata, a tree species native to Japan, is a traditional landscaping tree that has also been introduced to various countries. M. obovata individuals have recently emerged in non-planting areas in Korea, prompting us to investigate its distribution by establishing Dosolsan in an urban forest of Daejeon City as the target site. In order to determine its naturalization, the study explored the status of population growth by examining the diameter at breast height of the individuals, and diameter diminution quotient was calculated. Cores of the trees were collected, and the age distribution was estimated by regression analysis. Reproduction possibility was analyzed by verifying the flowerblooming and fruit-bearing. Spontaneous colonization was investigated in the other potential sites which have different location and environment, *** diameter distribution showed a reverse J-shaped curve, and the diminution quotient was ≥ 1.8. The population was composed of different generations,thus confirming the growth of the population. The distributed M. obovata grew and flowered normally,and followed a normal life cycle. The same phenomenon was observed in other planting areas,residual forests in urban or rural areas, alluvial islands, and mountain forests. The continuous spread of M. obovata in new ecosystems may be attributable to its long-term distribution by birds, relatively fast growth, and maturity time. Investigations on the naturalization and spread of M. obovata in Korea, as well as in various countries, are warranted.

关键词： Magnolia obovata Diameterdistribution Diminution quotient Invasive plant Naturalized plant

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Prostate-specific antigen density predicts favorable pathology and biochemical recurrence in patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第3期18卷 480-484,I0012页

作者： Ho won Kang Hae Do jung Joo Yong Lee Jong Kyou kwon Seong Uk Jeh Kang Su Cho won Sik Ham Young Deuk Choi Department of Urology Chungbuk National University College of Medicine Cheongju Korea Department of Urology Severance Hospital Urological Science InstituteYonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea Department of Urology. Inje university Haeundae Paik Hospital Busan Korea Department of Urology Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju Korea Department of Urology Gangnam Severance Hospital Urological Science Institute Yonsei University Uollege of Medicine Seoul Korea Robot and Minimal Invasive Surgery Center Severance Hospital Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Korea.

This study was designed to identify clinical predictors of favorable pathology and biochemical recurrence （BCR） in patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer （IRPCa）. Between 2006 and 2012, clinicopathological and oncological data from 203 consecutive men undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy （RARP） for IRPCa were reviewed in a single-institutional retrospective study. Favorable pathology was defined as Gleason score 〈6 and organ-confined cancer as detected by surgical pathology. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictive variables of favorable pathology, and the Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox regression model were used to estimate BCR-free survival after RARP. Overall, 38 patients （18.7%） had favorable pathology after RARP. Lower quartile prostate-specific antigen density （PSAD） was associated with favorable pathology compared to the highest quartile PSAD after adjusting for preoperative PSA, clinical stage and biopsy Gleason score （odds ratio, 5.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-28.97; P = 0.048）. During a median 37.8 （interquartile range, 24.6-60.2） months of follow-up, 66 patients experienced BCR. There were significant differences with regard to BCR free survival by PSAD quartiles （log rank, P = 0.003）. Using a multivariable Cox proportion hazard model, PSAD was found to be an independent predictor of BCR in patients with IRPCa after RARP （hazard ratio, 4.641; 95% confidence interval, 1.109-19.417; P = 0.036）. The incorporation of the PSAD into risk assessments might provide additional prognostic information and identify some patients in whom active surveillance would be appropriate in patients with IRPCa.

关键词： biochemical recurrence prostatectomy prostate-specific antigen prostate-specific antigen density prostatic neoplasms

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