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Network Traffic Obfuscation System for IIoT-Cloud Control Systems

Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第9期72卷 4911-4929页

作者： Yangjae Lee Sung hoon Baek jung Taek Seo Ki-Woong park SysCore Lab. Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Computer System Engineering Jungwon UniversityChungcheongbuk-do28024Korea Department of Computer Engineering Gachon UniversityGyeonggi-do13120Korea

One of the latest technologies enabling remote control,operational efficiency upgrades,and real-time big-data monitoring in an industrial control system(ICS)is the IIoT-Cloud ICS,which integrates the Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)and the cloud into the *** an ICS benefits from the application of IIoT and the cloud in terms of cost reduction,efficiency improvement,and real-time monitoring,the application of this technology to an ICS poses an unprecedented security risk by exposing its terminal devices to the outside *** adversary can collect information regarding senders,recipients,and prime-time slots through traffic analysis and use it as a linchpin for the next attack,posing a potential threat to the *** address this problem,we designed a network traffic obfuscation system(NTOS)for the IIoT-Cloud ICS,based on the requirements derived from the ICS characteristics and limitations of existing NTOS *** a strategy to solve this problem wherein a decrease in the traffic volume facilitates traffic analysis or reduces the packet transmission speed,we proposed an NTOS based on packet scrambling,wherein a packet is split into multiple pieces before transmission,thus obfuscating network *** minimize the ICS modification and downtime,the proposed NTOS was designed using an agentbased *** addition,for the ICS network traffic analyzer to operate normally in an environment wherein the NTOS is applied,a rule-based NTOS was adopted such that the actual traffic flow is known only to the device that is aware of the rule and is blocked for *** experimental results verified that the same time requested for response and level of difficulty of analysis were maintained by the application of an NTOS based on packet scrambling,even when the number of requests received by the server per second was *** network traffic analyzer of the ICS can capture the packet flow by using the pre-communicated NTOS *** addition,by designing an N

关键词： Cloud computing system moving-target defense container orchestration

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Microfluidic dual loops reactor for conducting a multistep reaction

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018年第2期12卷 239-246页

作者： Si Hyung Jin Jae-hoon jung Seong-Geun Jeong Jongmin Kim Tae jung park Chang-Soo Lee Department of Chemical Engineering Chungnam National University Daejeon 34134 Korea Lotte Chemical R&D Center Daejeon 34110 Korea Department of Chemistry Chung-Ang University Seoul 06974 Korea

Precise control of each individual reaction that constitutes a multistep reaction must be performed to obtain the desired reaction product efficiently. In this work, we present a microfluidic dual loops reactor that enables multistep reaction by integrating two identical loop reactors. Specifically, reactants A and B are synthesized in the first loop reactor and transferred to the second loop reactor to synthesize with reactant C to form the final product. These individual reactions have nano-liter volumes and are carded out in a stepwise manner in each reactor without any cross-contamination issue. To pre- cisely control the mixing efficiency in each loop reactor, we investigate the operating pressure and the operating frequency on the mixing valves for rotary mixing. This microfluidic dual loops reactor is integrated with several valves to realize the fully automated unit operation of a multistep reaction, such as metering the reactants, rotary mixing, transportation, and collecting the product. For proof of concept, CdSeZn nanopartieles are successfully synthesized in a microfluidic dual loops reactor through a fully automated mukistep reaction. Taking all of these features together, this microfluidic dual loops reactor is a general microfluidic screening platform that can synthesize various materials through a multistep reaction.

关键词： microfluidics multistep reaction rotary mixing nanoparticle

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SPL3/4/5 Integrate Developmental Aging and Photoperiodic Signals into the FT-FD Module in Arabidopsis Flowering

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Molecular Plant 2016年第12期9卷 1647-1659页

作者： Jae-hoon jung Hyo-Jun Lee Jae Yong Ryu Chung-Mo park Sainsbury Laboratory University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1LR UK Department of Chemistry plant Genomics and Breeding Institute Seoul National University Seou1151-742 Korea These authors contributed equally to this article

Environmental sensitivity varies across developmental phases in flowering plants. In the juvenile phase, mi- croRNA156 （miR156）-mediated repression of SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE （SPL） transcription factors renders Arabidopsis plants incompetent to floral inductive signals, including long- day （LD） photoperiod. During the vegetative phase transition, which accompanies a reduction of miR156 and a concomitant elevation of its targets, plants acquire reproductive competence such that LD signals promote flowering. However, it remains largely unknown how developmental signals are associated with photoperiodic flowering. Here, we show that SPL3, SPL4, and SPL5 （SPL3/4/5） potentiate the FLOWERING LOCUS T （FT）-FD module in photoperiodic flowering. SPL3/4/5 function as transcriptional activators through the interaction with FD, a basic leucine zipper transcription factor which plays a critical role in photoperiodic flowering. SPL3/4/5 can directly bind to the promoters of APETALA1, LEAFY, and FRUITFULL, thus mediating their activation by the FT-FD complex. Our findings demonstrate that SPL3/ 4/5 act synergistically with the FT-FD module to induce flowering under LDs, providing a long-sought mo- lecular knob that links developmental aging and photoperiodic flowering.

关键词： photoperiodic flowering developmental aging SPL transcription factors FT-FD complex

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Secondary endoscopic submucosal dissection for locally recurrent or incompletely resected gastric neoplasms

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第33期24卷 3776-3785页

作者： Da Hyun jung Young hoon Youn Jie-Hyun Kim Jae Jun park Hyojin park Department of Internal Medicine Gangnam Severance Hospital Yonsei University College of Medicine

AIM To investigate the feasibility and safety of secondary endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) for residual or locally recurrent gastric tumors. METHODS Between 2010 and 2017, 1623 consecutive patients underwent ESD for gastric neoplasms at a single tertiary referral center. Among these, 28 patients underwent secondary ESD for a residual or locally recurrent tumor. Our analysis compared clinicopathologic factors between primary ESD and secondary ESD groups. RESULTS The en bloc resection and curative rate of resection of secondary ESD were 92.9% and 89.3%, respectively. The average procedure time of secondary ESD was significantly longer than primary ESD(78.2 min vs 55.1 min, P = 0.004), and the adverse events rate was not significantly different but trended slightly higher in the secondary ESD group compared to the primary ESD group(10.7% vs 3.8%, P = 0.095). Patients who received secondary ESD had favorable outcomes without severe adverse events. During a mean follow-up period, no local recurrence occurred in patients who received secondary ESD. CONCLUSION Secondary ESD of residual or locally recurrent gastric tumors appears to be a feasible and curative treatment though it requires greater technical efficiency and longer procedure time.

关键词： Secondary endoscopic submucosal dissection Endoscopic submucosal dissection Gastric neoplasms Residual tumors Recurrent tumors

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The Arabidopsis Floral Repressor BFT DelaysFlowering by Competing with FT for FD Bindingunder High Salinity

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Molecular Plant 2014年第2期7卷 377-387页

作者： Jae Yong Ryu Hyo-Jun Lee Pil Joon Seo Jae-hoon jung Ji hoon Ahn Chung-Mo park Department of Chemistry Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 Korea Present address: Department of Chemistry Chonbuk National University Jeonju 561-756 Korea The Sainsbury Laboratory University of Cambridge Cambridge UK Creative Research Initiatives Division of Life Sciences Korea University Seoul 136-701 Korea PGBI Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 Korea

Soil salinity is one of the most serious agricultural problems that significantly reduce crop yields in the aridand semi-arid regions. It influences various phases of plant growth and developmental processes, such as seed germina-tion, leaf and stem growth, and reproductive propagation. Salt stress delays the onset of flowering in many plant spe-cies. We have previously reported that the Arabidopsis BROTHER OF FT AND TFL1 （BFT） acts as a floral repressor undersalt stress. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the BFT function in the salt regulation of flowering inductionis unknown. In this work, we found that BFT delays flowering under high salinity by competing with FLOWERING LOCUST （FT） for binding to the FD transcription factor. The flowering time of FD-deficient fd-2 mutant was insensitive to highsalinity. BFT interacts with FD in the nucleus via the C-terminal domain of FD, which is also required for the interactionof FD with FT, and interferes with the FT-FD interaction. These observations indicate that BFT constitutes a distinct saltstress signaling pathway that modulates the function of the FT-FD module and possibly provides an adaptation strategythat fine-tunes photoperiodic flowering under high salinity.

关键词： Arabidopsis BFT FD flowering time FT salt stress

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Driving characteristics of octagon-type ultrasonic motor

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Journal of Central South University 2013年第1期20卷 71-75页

作者： KIM Jong-Wook park Choong-Hyo LIM jung-hoon JEONG Seong-Su park Jong-Kyu park Tae-Gone Changwon National University Sarim-dongChangwon-siGyeongsangnam-do641-773Korea

Structure of the octagon-type ultrasonic motor was proposed and designed so as to allow the motor to drive small actuator. The stator of the motor consisted of the octagon shape elastic body and four rectangular plate ceramics. The four ceramics were attached to outer surfaces of the octagon elastic body. The same phase voltages were applied to the ceramics on horizontal surfaces, and 90° phase difference voltages were applied to the ceramics on vertical surfaces. When the AC voltage with 90° phase difference was applied in ceramics, the elliptical displacement of unimorph bars was generated by generating bending vibration. To find the maximum displacement model that generates elliptical displacement at the centers of the inner surfaces, the finite element analysis program ATILA was used. The analyzed results were compared to the experimental results. As a result, the speed and torque are increased linearly by increasing the input voltage and the speed of motors can be controlled by changing the applied voltages.

关键词： octagon-type 90° phase difference ultrasonic motor ATILA

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Influences of ions and temperature on performance of carbon nano-particulates in supercapacitors with neutral aqueous electrolytes

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Particuology 2014年第4期12卷 9-17页

作者： jung hoon Chae George Zheng Chen Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Energy and Sustainability Research DivisionFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamNG7 2RDUK

A commercial product of carbon nano-particles, Cabot MONACH 1300 pigment black （CMPB）, was studied for basic structural information and electrochemical performance in neutral aqueous electrolytes, aiming at applications in supercapacitors. As confirmed by SEM and HRTEM, the CMPB had a hierarchical struc- ture, containing basic 10 nm nano-spheres which combined into ca. 50 nm agglomerates which further aggregated into larger particles of micrometres. The capacitance of this commercial material was found to increase with decreasing the size of hydrous cation （Li＋→Na＋ → K＋）, instead of the cation crystal radius （K＋→ Na＋→Li＋） when coupled with the same anion （cl-）. In electrolytes with the same cation concentration （K＋）, changing the anion from the larger dianion （SO42 ） to the smaller monoanion （cl-） also increased the capacitance at high potential scan rates （〉50 mV/s）. Increasing electrolyte concentration produced expected effect, including raising the electrode capacitance, but lowering the equivalent series resistance （ESR）, charge transfer resistance （CTR）, and the diffusion resistance. At higher temperatures, the CMPB exhibited slightly higher capacitance, which does not agree with the Gouy-Chapman theory on electric double layer （EDL）. A hypothesis is proposed to account for the capacitance increase with temperature as a result of the CMPB opening up some micro-pores for more ions to access in response to the temperature increase.

关键词： Carbon nano-particlesSupercapacitorNeutral aqueous electrolytesIonic propertiesElectrochemistry

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Extracorporeal shock wave therapy treatment of painful hematoma in the calf:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第24期8卷 6511-6516页

作者： Ji Won jung Hyeon Seong Kim jung Ho Yang Kyu hoon Lee Si-Bog park Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Hanyang University HospitalSeoul 04763South Korea

BACKGROUND Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) can be applied to variousmusculoskeletal conditions including calcific tendinitis. Muscle injuries can leadto hematomas, and unabsorbed hematomas sometimes cause pain. We report acase of painful hematoma successfully treated with ESWT. To our knowledge, thisis the first reported case of painful intramuscular hematoma treated with *** SUMMARY A 65-year-old man visited the outpatient department for left calf pain withswelling that had persisted since he slipped two weeks prior. The calf pain hadpersisted and was rated visual analog scale 7. On physical examination, there wasa localized, stiff, ovoid mass on his left upper posterior calf. The pain wasaggravated by dorsiflexion of the left ankle or weight-bearing on the left *** diagnostic ultrasonography showed a hematoma in the left gastrocnemiusmuscle;its texture was firm with low heterogeneity. We applied ESWT to thehematoma. His pain decreased immediately to a visual analog scale 3, and themass was softened. The texture of the hematoma became more heterogeneous onultrasonography. Due to planned overseas travel, he returned three months afterthe initial visit to report that the pain and swelling were dramatically relievedafter *** We propose that painful hematomas could be a new indication for ESWT. Furtherinvestigation on the effects of ESWT for hematomas is needed.

关键词： Extracorporeal shock wave therapy Hematoma Ultrasonography Indication Pain Case report

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HOS1 Facilitates the Phytochrome B-Mediated Inhibition of PIF4 Function during Hypocotyl Growth in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2017年第2期10卷 274-284页

作者： Ju-Heon Kim Hyo-Jun Lee Jae-hoon jung Sangmin Lee Chung-Mo park Department of Chemistry Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Korea Sainsbury Laboratory University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1LR UK Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Korea These authors contributed equally to this article Present address: SK Innovation Daejeon 34124 Korea

Upon exposure to light, developing seedlings undergo photomorphogenesis, as illustrated by inhibition of hypocotyl elongation, cotyledon opening, and leaf greening. During hypocotyl photomorphogenesis, light signals are sensed by multiple photoreceptors, among which the red/far-red light-sensing phytochromes have been extensively studied. However, it is not fully understood how the phytochromes modulate hypo- cotyl growth. Here, we demonstrated that HIGH EXPRESSION OF OSMOTICALLY RESPONSIVE GENES 1 （HOS1）, which is known to either act as E3 ubiquitin ligase or affect chromatin organization, inhibits the transcriptional activation activity of PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 （PIF4）, a key transcrip- tion factor that promotes hypocotyl growth. Consistent with the negative regulatory role of HOSl in hypo- cotyl growth, HOSl-defective mutants exhibited elongated hypocotyls in the light. Notably, phyB induces HOS1 activity in inhibiting PIF4 function. Taken together, these observations provide a molecular basis for the phyB-mediated suppression of hypocotyl growth in Arabidopsis.

关键词： photomorphogenesis hypocotyl growth phytochrome signaling HOS1 PIF4

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Visualization of flow structures inside a conical spouted bed by electrical capacitance volume tomography

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Particuology 2019年第1期17卷 15-25页

作者： hoon Chae park Hang Seok Choi Department of Environmental Engineering Yonsei UniversityWonju 26493Republic of Korea

Electrical capacitance volume tomography (ECVT) was conducted to measure instantaneous gas–solid flow structures in a conical spouted bed. The sensor has 24 electrodes/channels and was used to make three-dimensional measurements of the solid volume fraction. Flow structures in the conical spouted bed were analyzed using quantitative ECVT images. Three-dimensional images of gas–solid flow structures and time-averaged vertical and radial solid volume fraction profiles are presented. Different fluidization regimes in spouted beds were characterized by analyzing pressure fluctuation signals and ECVT images. ECVT was shown to be robust and powerful for the three-dimensional visualization and quantitative measurement of a gas–solid fluidization system.

关键词： Conical spouted bed Electrical capacitance volume tomography Multiphase flow

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