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Turning depths of internal tides in the South China Sea inferred from profile data

Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2022年第2期41卷 139-146页

作者： Kun Liu Lianglong Da Wuhong Guo Chenglong Liu junchuan sun Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao) Qingdao 266237China PLA Navy Submarine Academy Qingdao 266041China Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling First Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China

Theoretically,propagating internal tides in the ocean may reflect at turning depths,where buoyancy frequencies equal tidal frequencies,before colliding with the air-sea interface or rugged bottom ***,the internal tide lower turning depths(ITLTDs)in the open ocean have been mapped;however,knowledge of the presence of ITLTDs in the South China Sea(SCS)is *** this study,2125 high-quality temperature-salinity profiles(including 58 deep-sea hydrographic measurements with observational depths exceeding 3000 m)are collected and analyzed to investigate the existence of ITLTDs in the ***,the concept of the upper turning depth is first introduced in the context of internal tides,and internal tide upper turning depths(ITUTDs)are also *** are found to exist at several abyssal stations;these stations are distributed mostly in the southern part of the SCS basin,possibly due to the greater water depths *** locations show the presence of ITLTDs for K_(1) versus M_(2) tidal frequencies because of the lower tidal *** distance between ITLTDs and the seafloor ranged from 270 m to more than 1200 m,implying the possible existence of multiple internal wave evanescent regions in the abyssal *** of tens of meters are ubiquitous in the SCS;stations with the presence of ITUTDs are located mainly in the northeastern SCS due to the intensive observations ***,the calculated ITUTDs have large uncertainties;they are sensitive to the selected bin *** horizontal propagation directions of internal tides in the SCS change dramatically,and as a result,the estimated turning depths under the full Coriolis force definition are different compared to that under the traditional approximation.

关键词： turning depth internal tide buoyancy frequency South China Sea

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A fresh look at the deepwater overflow in the Luzon Strait

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2017年第5期36卷 1-8页

作者： ZHU Yaohua sun junchuan WEI Zexun WANG Yonggang FANG Guohong QU Tangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling The First Institute of OceanographyState Oceanic Administration Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Science and Engineering University of California

On the basis of the latest version of a U.S. Navy generalized digital environment model （GDEM-V3.0） and World Ocean Atlas （WOA13）, the hydraulic theory is revisited and applied to the Luzon Strait, providing a fresh look at the deepwater overflow there. The result reveals that：（1） the persistent density difference between two sides of the Luzon Strait sustains an all year round deepwater overflow from the western Pacific to the South China Sea （SCS）; （2） the seasonal variability of the deepwater overflow is influenced not only by changes in the density difference between two sides of the Luzon Strait, but also by changes in its upstream layer thickness; （3） the deepwater overflow in the Luzon Strait shows a weak semiannual variability; （4） the seasonal mean circulation pattern in the SCS deep basin does not synchronously respond to the seasonality of the deepwater overflow in the Luzon Strait. Moreover, the deepwater overflow reaches its seasonal maximum in December （based on GDEM-V3.0） or in fall （October-December, based on the WOA13）, accompanied by the lowest temperature of the year on the Pacific side of the Luzon Strait. The seasonal variability of the deepwater overflow is consistent with the existing longest （3.5 a） continuous observation along the major deepwater passage of the Luzon Strait.

关键词： Luzon Strait deepwater overflow seasonal variability South China Sea

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A harmonic analyzed parameterization of tide-induced mixing for ocean models

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2018年第7期37卷 1-7页

作者： WEI Zexun sun junchuan TENG Fei XU Tengfei WANG Yonggang XU Xiaoqing FANG Guohong The First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Functional Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology

The tide-induced mixing plays an important role in the regulation of ocean *** simulation of continental shelf circulation is found to exhibit an unreasonable vertical thermohaline structure without consideration of tide *** this study,we establish a harmonic analyzed parameterization of tide-induced（HAT） mixing,by which means to derive time-depended function of mixing coefficient based on harmonic analysis of the vertical mixing *** employing HAT mixing parameterization scheme,a series of numerical experiments are conducted for the Yellow *** results show that an ocean circulation model with the HAT mixing involved is capable of reproducing the reasonable thermohaline structure of the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass,similar to structures produced by explicit tidal forcing on the open *** advantage of the HAT method is its faster computation time,compared with models that directly resolve explicit tidal *** HAT parameterization for the tide-induced mixing has potential to improve both the accuracy and efficiency of ocean circulation and climate models.

关键词： tide-induced mixing harmonic analysis parameterization ocean circulation models Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass

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Uniting Heat and Light in Heterogeneous CO_(2) Photocatalysis:Optochemical Materials and Reactor Engineering

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Accounts of Materials Research 2022年第12期3卷 1260-1271页

作者： junchuan sun Wei sun Lu Wang Geoffrey A.Ozin School of Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhen 518172 GuangdongP.R.China State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University310027 HangzhouZhejiangP.R.China Solar Fuels Group Department of ChemistryUniversity of TorontoGeorgeOntario M5S 3H6Canada

CONSPECTUS:The rapid increase in atmospheric CO_(2) concentration(∼420 ppm)has become one of the significant issues threatening human *** an effective measure to solve this major problem,renewable energy-powered catalytic CO_(2) conversion technologies have received vast attention in both academia and *** these techniques,photothermal catalysis is a rising star with promising potential for CO_(2) conversion even under milder *** oxide was among the first to be used in photothermal CO_(2) catalysis,and through its various forms,stoichiometries,and surface chemistry,it has become one of the most well-studied photothermal catalyst *** oxide is a highly tunable semiconductor for CO_(2) photocatalysis,which can be driven by both light photochemically and heat photothermally,thereby serving as an archetype for understanding how to optimize its performance for storing solar as chemical energy,through creative materials chemistry.

关键词： conditions chemistry catalysis

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Spatiotemporal variability of physical-biogeochemical processes and intrinsic correlations in the semi-enclosed South Yellow Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2020年第10期39卷 11-26页

作者： Qinsheng Wei Baodong Wang Mingzhu Fu junchuan sun Qingzhen Yao Ming Xin Zhigang Yu First Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China

Investigating the spatiotemporal variability of biogeochemical processes and ecological responses under multiple physical controls in shelf seas is of great importance for obtaining an in-depth understanding of marine *** on a compiled data set of historical observations and remote sensing data,the spatiotemporal variability and heterogeneity of physical-biogeochemical processes in the semi-enclosed South Yellow Sea(SYS)are investigated,and the intrinsic connectivity among different subregions and the associated mechanisms are *** results show that the seasonal alternation between southward transport in cold seasons and upwelling-induced vertical delivery in warm seasons is the primary physical control of the biogeochemical processes and primary production off Shidao and in the area adjacent to the Haizhou *** northeastward expansion of coastal waters in the Subei Shoal constitutes an important physical driver for the offshore transport of Ulva prolifera in *** significantly affects the biogeochemical processes in the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass(YSCWM)-dominated area during warm seasons,and nutrients can accumulate in bottom waters from spring to autumn,making the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass(YSCWM)be an important nutrient *** around the YSCWM boundary in the stratified season leads to consistency among the high chlorophyll a(Chl a)area,high primary productivity region and low-temperature upwelling *** cold seasons,the interactions of the southward cold waters in the western nearshore area and the northward warm waters in the central region lead to an“S”-shaped front in the *** summer,upwelling can extract nutrients from the YSCWM;thus,the biogeochemical-ecological processes inside the cold-water mass and in the frontal zone are well connected via upwelling,and three typical physical-biogeochemical coupling regions are generated,namely,the Shidao coast,the area beyond the Haizhou Bay and the area off the

关键词： physical-biogeochemical process upwelling front Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass South Yellow Sea

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Onshore warm tongue and offshore cold tongue in the western Yellow Sea in winter:the evidence

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第5期36卷 1475-1483页

作者： sun junchuan YANG Dezhou YIN Baoshu CHEN Haiying FENG Xingru Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling Firstlnstitute of OceanographyState Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061China

A winter onshore warm tongue extending from the Yellow Sea Warm Current to the southern Jiangsu coast, and an of fshore cold tongue extending from the southern Jiangsu coast to the southwest of Jeju Island(South Korea), are newly identified based on the sea-surface temperature from satellite remote sensing, and further confirmed by the distribution of suspended sediments. In addition, there are two obvious thermal fronts associated with the onshore warm tongue and off shore cold tongue. The narrow gap between the two thermal fronts is supposed to be the pathway for the off shore transport of cold coastal water and suspended sediments. The concurrence of onshore warm and of fshore cold tongues suggests the concurrence of onshore and off shore currents in the western Yellow Sea in winter, which seems to be inconsistent with the previously accepted view that, in winter, the Yellow Sea Coastal Current flows from the Old Huanghe Delta to the southwest of Jeju Island. This distinctive phenomenon helps establish an updated view of the circulation in the western Yellow Sea in winter.

关键词： onshore warm tongue offshore cold tongue cross-shelf exchange western Yellow Sea

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Physical-biogeochemical interactions and potential effects on phytoplankton and Ulva prolifera in the coastal waters off Qingdao(Yellow Sea, China)

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2019年第2期38卷 11-23页

作者： Qinsheng Wei Baodong Wang Qingzhen Yao Zhigang Yu Mingzhu Fu junchuan sun Bochao Xu Linping Xie Ming Xin First Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural Resources Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao) Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of Ministry of Education Ocean University of China

In recent years, the spectacular massive green tide of Ulva prolifera has become a recurrent phenomenon appearing every summer in the coastal waters off Qingdao(Yellow Sea, China), attracting the attention of scientists and local government. Based on multidisciplinary data collected during summer and winter, this study focuses on the hydrological characteristics and regional biogeochemical processes in coastal waters off *** results show that the boundary of the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass(YSCWM) can reach the Qingdao coastal region in summer and is locally raised to the upper layers to form coastal upwelling beyond tidal mixing and favorable wind. The regional summer upwelling off the Qingdao coast effectively enriches the nutrient concentrations in the upper water column and thus promotes growth of phytoplankton but reduces the dissolved oxygen(DO) concentration and pH value in the bottom. The regional summer upwelling off Qingdao coast may facilitate the growth and regional blooming of the U. prolifera that migrate to this region with the southerly ***, the effects of the front on the aggregation of U. prolifera may be significant. In winter, the Yellow Sea Warm Current(YSWC) extends and spreads along the offshore region off the Subei Shoal towards the Qingdao coastal sea. This tongue-shaped warm water meets the cold coastal water off Qingdao, which leads to the formation of a physical front. As a consequence, remarkable fronts of nutrient and chlorophyll a(Chl a) also form between the shoreward warm water and the cold coastal water. This study increases the understanding of the interactions between the regional physical, chemical, and biological processes off the Qingdao coast.

关键词： biogeochemical process upwelling front Ulva prolifera Qingdao coast southern Yellow Sea

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Development of a fine-resolution atmosphere-wave-ocean coupled forecasting model for the South China Sea and its adjacent seas

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2019年第4期38卷 154-166页

作者： junchuan sun Zexun Wei Tengfei Xu Meng sun Kun Liu Yongzeng Yang Li Chen Hong Zhao Xunqiang Yin Weizhong Feng Zhiyuan Zhang Yonggang Wang Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling First Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural Resources Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Ministry of Natural Resources South China Sea Marine Prediction Center Ministry of Natural Resources Hydro-Meteorological Center of Navy PLA

A 72-h fine-resolution atmosphere-wave-ocean coupled forecasting system was developed for the South China Sea and its adjacent seas. The forecasting model domain covers from from 15°S to 45°N in latitude and 99°E to135°E in longitude including the Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea, the South China Sea and the Indonesian seas. To get precise initial conditions for the coupled forecasting model, the forecasting system conducts a 24-h hindcast simulation with data assimilation before forecasting. The Ensemble Adjustment Kalman Filter(EAKF) data assimilation method was adopted for the wave model MASNUM with assimilating Jason-2 significant wave height(SWH) data. The EAKF data assimilation method was also introduced to the ROMS model with assimilating sea surface temperature(SST), mean absolute dynamic topography(MADT) and Argo profiles data. To improve simulation of the structure of temperature and salinity, the vertical mixing scheme of the ocean model was improved by considering the surface wave induced vertical mixing and internal wave induced vertical mixing. The wave and current models were integrated from January 2014 to October 2015 driven by the ECMWF reanalysis 6 hourly mean dataset with data assimilation. Then the coupled atmosphere-wave-ocean forecasting system was carried out 14 months operational running since November 2015. The forecasting outputs include atmospheric forecast products, wave forecast products and ocean forecast products. A series of observation data are used to evaluate the coupled forecasting results, including the wind, SHW, ocean temperature and *** forecasting results are in good agreement with observation data. The prediction practice for more than one year indicates that the coupled forecasting system performs stably and predict relatively accurate, which can support the shipping safety, the fisheries and the oil exploitation.

关键词： South China Sea COAWST model MASNUM model atmosphere-wave-ocean forecasting system data assimilation

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可编程序控制自动重合闸装置

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山东建材学院学报 1989年第1期3卷 1-5页

作者：孙俊川山东建材学院自动化系

本文介绍了在电力系统中,用可编程序控制器PC控制的自动重合闸装置取代一直延用的继电器自动重合闸装置。由于可编程序控制器的先进性,它不但能满足线路对自动重合闸的要求,而且其控制功能、可靠性、灵活性和自动化水平均优于后者,所以... 详细信息

本文介绍了在电力系统中,用可编程序控制器PC控制的自动重合闸装置取代一直延用的继电器自动重合闸装置。由于可编程序控制器的先进性,它不但能满足线路对自动重合闸的要求,而且其控制功能、可靠性、灵活性和自动化水平均优于后者,所以不失为一种较为理想的控制装置。

关键词：重合闸程序控制自动重合闸

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全球垂向位移负荷潮模式在渤海、黄海、东海及周边区域的准确度评估

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海洋学报 2022年第12期44卷 19-30页

作者：徐晓庆魏泽勋滕飞孙俊川高秀敏方国洪国防科技大学气象海洋学院湖南长沙410073 自然资源部第一海洋研究所山东青岛266061 自然资源部海洋环境科学与数值模拟重点实验室山东青岛266061 山东省海洋环境科学与数值模拟重点实验室山东青岛266061 青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室区域海洋动力学与数值模拟功能实验室山东青岛266237

本研究利用渤海、黄海、东海及周边区域21个GPS站的调和常数资料,对5个全球垂向位移负荷潮模式(FES2014、EOT11a、GOT4.10c、GOT4.8和NAO.99b)在渤海、黄海、东海及周边区域的准确度进行了评估。结果表明,在渤海、黄海、东海及周边区域... 详细信息

本研究利用渤海、黄海、东海及周边区域21个GPS站的调和常数资料,对5个全球垂向位移负荷潮模式(FES2014、EOT11a、GOT4.10c、GOT4.8和NAO.99b)在渤海、黄海、东海及周边区域的准确度进行了评估。结果表明,在渤海、黄海、东海及周边区域,对于M_(2)分潮,FES2014和EOT11a模式结果准确度相对较高;对于S_(2)分潮,NAO.99b和EOT11a模式结果准确度相对较高;对于K_(1)分潮,EOT11a和FES2014模式结果准确度相对较高;对于O_(1)分潮,EOT11a和GOT4.8模式结果准确度相对较高;对于N_(2)分潮,EOT11a和FES2014模式结果准确度相对较高;对于K_(2)分潮,NAO.99b和FES2014模式结果准确度相对较高;对于P_(1)分潮,EOT11a和GOT4.8模式结果准确度相对较高;对于Q_(1)分潮,FES2014和EOT11a模式结果准确度相对较高。除此之外,本文还简单分析了渤海、黄海、东海及周边区域8个主要分潮的垂向位移负荷潮分布特征。

关键词：准确度评估垂向位移负荷潮模式渤海、黄海、东海及周边区域 GPS站

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