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Paleogeographic evolution of the Lower Yangtze region and the break of the “platform-slope-basin” pattern during the Late Ordovician

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Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第5期61卷 625-636页

作者： Qing CHEN junxuan fan Linna ZHANG Xu CHEN CAS Key Laboratory of Economic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory for Marine Geology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology

Wide distribution of the black shales and diversification of the graptolite fauna in South China during the Late Ordovician resulted from its unique paleogeographic pattern, which was significantly affected by the paleogeographic evolution of the Lower Yangtze region. In the study, 120 Upper Ordovician sections from the Lower Yangtze region were collected, and a unified biostratigraphic framework has been applied to these sections to establish a reliable stratigraphic subdivision and correlation. Under the unified time framework, we delineate the distribution area of each lithostratigraphic unit, outline the boundary between the sea and land, and reconstruct the paleogeographic pattern for each graptolite zone. The result indicates that, with the uplift and expansion of the ‘Jiangnan Oldland' in the beginning of the late Katian, the oldland extended into the Yangtze Sea gradually from south to north, which finally separate the Jiangnan Slope and the Yangtze Platform. Consequently,the longstanding paleogeographic pattern of "platform-slope-basin" in South China was broken. The paleogeographic change led to sedimentary differentiation among the two sides of the ‘Jiangnan Oldland' during the Late Ordovician. This event also led to the closure of the eastern exit of the Upper Yangtze Sea, and formed a semi-closed, limited and stagnant environment for the development of the organic-rich black shales during the Late Ordovician. The major controlling factors of these paleogeographic changes in the Lower Yangtze region were not consistent from the Katian to the Hirnantian. In the late Katian, the sedimentary differentiation between the east and west sides mostly resulted from regional tectonic movement-the Kwangsian ***, during the Hirnantian, the whole Yangtze region became shallower, which was mostly influenced by the concentration of the Gondwana ice sheet and the consequent global sea level drop.

关键词： Lower Yangtze region Late Ordovician Paleogeography Platform-slope-basin Black shale

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Ordovician graptolite-bearing strata in southern Jiangxi with a special reference to the Kwangsian Orogeny

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第11期53卷 1602-1610页

作者： Xu Chen YuanDong Zhang junxuan fan JunFeng Cheng QiJian Li Chinese Acad Sci Nanjing Inst Geol & Palaeontol State Key Lab Palaeobiol & Stratig Nanjing 210008 Peoples R China

The Ordovician graptolite sequence of the Yongxin-Chongyi area in southern Jiangxi was suggested as a standard for the correlation of Ordovician in the Zhujiang region of South China. Based on a restudy of the Upper Ordovician graptolites, the Shikou and Huamianlong formations are recognized herein as a part of the Hanjiang Formation, corresponding only to the Dipla-canthograptus caudatus-Diplacanthograptus spiniferus Zone. Two graptolite zones in the Longxi Formation of Yongxin and Chongyi, the Nemagraptus gracilis Zone and Climacograptus bicornis Zone, are redefined here. A rapid replacement of facies from the typical deep-water graptolitic black shale of Longxi Formation to the rapidly-accumulated, shallow-water clastic deposits of Hanjiang Formation indicates the tectonic initiation of the Kwangsian Orogeny. The thick clastic deposits of the Han-jiang Formation are proposed to come from a nearby source area that rose during the Kwangsian Orogeny. The D. caudatus-D. spiniferus graptolite Zone of the Hanjiang Formation indicates the initiation time of this tectonic event.

关键词： Longxi Formation Hanjiang Formation Sandbian Ordovician graptolite Kwangsian Orogeny

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Deep-time Paleogeographic Reconstruction Based on Database:Taking the South China T. approximatus Biozone(Early Ordovician) as an Example

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2019年第S01期93卷 76-79页

作者： ZHANG Linna fan junxuan CHEN Qing State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology and Center for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China CAS Key Laboratory of Economic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Paleogeography is a discipline that studies spatial distribution and evolutionary characteristics of geographic objects in earth history(Feng,2003;Feng et al.,2012).It focuses on the sediments,organisms and environmental proxies,most of which are preserved in the ***,a large amount of this geological and biological information was no longer preserved after the geological process of burial.

关键词： paleogeography deep-time GIS database

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Paleobiogeographic Knowledge Graph:An Ongoing Work with Fundamental Support for Future Research

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Journal of Earth Science 2023年第5期34卷 1339-1349页

作者： Linna Zhang Zhangshuai Hou Boheng Shen Qing Chen Shaochun Dong junxuan fan State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and PalaeoenvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China School of Earth Sciences and Engineering and Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Paleobiogeography investigates geographical distributions of fossil organisms and controlling factors that affect their distributions in geological history,to reveal the macro-evolution and coordinated development of life and the *** is a crucial window for understanding the biosphere and the geographical *** two centuries of development,paleobiogeographic studies have led to the accumulation of significant amounts of knowledge and data;however,the voluminous outputs present the characteristics of an“isolated island”with a scattered,limited number of authoritative definitions of terminologies and semantic heterogeneity among *** makes data queries cumbersome,the rate of data reuse low,and data sharing more difficult.A knowledge graph(KG)has the advantage of expressing concepts and their semantic relations,which is an important tool for achieving data organization and fusion,and data mining;further,it is also a key technology for realizing the unrestricted sharing of paleobiogeographic *** our efforts over the past two years,a paleobiogeographic KG was developed based on the established construction procedure of the KG,which contains 273 concepts,172 properties,and 47 ***,the completion of this KG and the construction of a paleobiogeographic platform for display and analysis are now being carried out.

关键词： biogeographic unit knowledge base artificial intelligence paleobiogeographic platform knowledge inference knowledge graph

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Biostratigraphic correlation of the Ordovician black shales in Tarim Basin and its peripheral regions

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Science China Earth Sciences 2012年第8期55卷 1230-1237页

作者： CHEN Xu ZHANG YuanDong LI Yue fan junxuan TANG Peng CHEN Qing ZHANG YuanYuan Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing 210008China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Ordovician black shales are widely distributed in the Tarim Basin and its peripheral regions,and some of them may serve as potential hydrocarbon source *** present study of the Ordovician graptolite fauna from these shales,together with the yielded conodonts and chitinozoans etc.,permits a refined correlation of the *** mainly on a new collecting of the graptolites and a study of the faunas in Kalpin and Kuruktag regions,and the successful identification of the new graptolite material from a few drill cores within the basin,we are able to update our knowledge of the Ordovician in the regions,and draw some conclusions:(1) The most widespread distribution of the black shales in the Tarim Basin and its peripheral regions,which correspond to the Nemagraptus gracilis Zone,may be related to a global sea-level rise during this time interval.(2) Black shales of Ordovician occur most frequently and extensively in the Kuruktag(also spelled as Quruq Tagh) region in east-ern Tianshan Mountains,spanning Tremadocian to mid-Katian(*** Zone) temporally and extending southeastwards into Manjiaer *** black shales of the *** Zone may even extend into the central Tarim Basin.(3) Three different bio-and litho-facies belts(Bachu:carbonate platform and reef belt;Kalpin-Aksu:marginal platform and upper slope belt;Wushi:slope belt) are recognized in the northwestern Tarim Basin.(4) The internationally well-correlated Saergan black shale,which has been considered to possess high potential for hydrocarbon source rock,may possess a restricted distribution in the Kalpin and Aksu areas.

关键词： Tarim Basin Ordovician black shale biostratigraphic correlation graptolite

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Are There Any Links between Biodiversity and Paleogeographic Differentiation in the Ordovician?

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2019年第S01期93卷 90-93页

作者： CHEN Qing ZHANG Linna fan junxuan LI Chao ZHANG Yuandong CAS Key Laboratory of Economic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008JiangsuChina State Key Laboratory of Paleobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008JiangsuChina School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023JiangsuChina University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026AnhuiChina

Two significant biological and geological events happened during the Ordovician,i.e.,the great Ordovician biodiversification event(GOBE;Webby et al.,2004)and the end-Ordovician mass extinction(Sheehan,2001).The two events were remarkably well recorded in South China and manifested by the diversity history of major marine fossil groups(e.g.,Chen et al.,2004;Rong and Zhan,2004;Rong et al.,2007).

关键词： correlation analysis lithofacies bioevent TIN polygon Ordovician

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Age of the Silurian Lower Red Beds in South China:Stratigraphical Evidence from the Sanbaiti Section

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Journal of Earth Science 2021年第3期32卷 524-533页

作者： Zhongyang Chen Peep Mannik junxuan fan Chengyuan Wang Qing Chen Zongyuan Sun Dongyang Chen Chao Li State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and PalaeontologyCenter for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Department of Geology Tallinn University of TechnologyTallinn 19086Estonia State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research School of Earth Sciences and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Institute of Sedimentary GeologyChengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Jiangsu Huohe Information Technology Co. Ltd.Nanjing 210028China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The age of the Silurian Lower Red Beds in the Upper Yangtze region remains ***-four samples were collected for conodont biostratigraphical studies from the Paiyunan Formation in the Sanbaiti Section,Huaying,Sichuan *** conodont fauna from the Paiyunan Formation,together with the graptolites from the underlying Lungmachi Formation,indicates that the Lower Red Beds at Sanbaiti correspond to the lower *** analysis indicates that most exposures of the Lower Red Beds in the Upper Yangtze region can be assigned,in general,to the Telychian Stage,except for several localities,where the Lower Red Beds can be roughly dated as an interval between the upper Aeronian and lower Telychian.

关键词： Lower Red Beds conodont graptolite Telychian(Silurian) Paiyunan Formation Sichuan Province

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Stage-progressive distribution pattern of the Lungmachi black graptolitic shales from Guizhou to Chongqing, Central China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第6期60卷 1133-1146页

作者： CHEN Xu fan junxuan WANG WenHui WANG HongYan NIE HaiKuan SHI XueWen WEN ZhiDong CHEN DongYang LI WenJie Key Laboratory of Economic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Nanjing 210008 China State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China Langfang Branch Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development PetroChina Langfang 065007 China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China Research Institute of Exploration and Development Southwest Oil & Gas Field Company PetroChina Chengdu 610051 China Southern Company of SINOPEC Exploration Chengdu 610041 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The Lungmachi Formation is widely distributed in Guizhou, Chongqing and the adjacent area. It is important for the study of Silurian biostratigraphy and shale-gas investigation. Based on those biostratigraphically well-studied sections from Guiyang to Huayingshan, we reveal the stage-progressive distribution pattern of the Lungmachi black shales. The distribution of the Lungmachi black shales in the studying area can be subdivided into four geographic belts from the south to the north,reflecting the joint effect of regional and global environmental changes. The graptolite depth zonation model was adopted herein to infer the water depth of major graptolite assemblages from the black shales. The changes in the water depth indicate two major stages. The first stage is named the transgressive distribution stage which ranged from the Persculptograptus persculptus Biozone(LM1, upper Hirnantian) to the Coronograptus cyphus Biozone(LM5, upper Rhuddanian), an interval mostly controlled by global sea-level rise. The second stage, ranging from the Demirastrites triangulatus Biozone(LM6, lower Aeronian) to the Spirograptus guerichi Biozone(LM9, lower Telychian), is named the regressive shrinking stage, during which the black shales were gradually replaced by mixed-facies or carbonate sediments from the south to the north, representing the effects of the persistent uplifting of the Central Guizhou Oldland.

关键词： Lungmachi Formation Black shales Graptolite biozone Graptolite depth zonation Transgressive distribution stage Regressive shrinking stage

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How to Build a High-Resolution Digital Geological Timeline?

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第6期33卷 1629-1632页

作者： Shuzhong Shen junxuan fan Xiangdong Wang Feifei Zhang Yukun Shi Shuhan Zhang State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research School of Earth Sciences and EngineeringFrontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material CyclingNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China

1 QUESTION FORMULATION Time and space are the two basic axes to characterize the existence of matter. Without time, there would be no rate(“No dates, No rates”). The Earth has a history of approximately 4.5 billion years, leaving behind a myriad of geological records,and the geologic timeline is the only common language available to unravel the evolutionary history of the Earth.

关键词： approximate Resolution Earth

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The Central Guizhou and Yi-chang uplifts, Upper Yangtze region,between Ordovician and Silurian

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第18期46卷 1580-1584页

作者： CHEN Xu RONG Jiayu ZHOU Zhiyi ZHANG Yuandong ZHAN Renbin LIU Jianbo fan junxuan Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Department of Geology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The Central Guizhou and Yichang Uplifts are present in central Guizhou to western Hubei. Biostrati-graphic evidences from more than 20 sections in 14 counties of this region provide the data about the duration of these uplifts. Although this duration differs from locality to locality, it is mainly from Ashgillian to Rhuddanian. The uplifts result from a horizontally driven movement to the South China Paleoplate from an uncertain block in southeast. Global sea-level drop during the end of the Ordovician made the uplifts obvious, particularly the Central Guizhou *** might have emerged above sea level in the short interval between the Ordovician and Silurian.

关键词： Central Guizhou Uplift Yichang Uplift Ashgillian Rhuddanian.

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