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Initial COVID-19 severity influenced by SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells imprints T-cell memory and inversely affects reinfection

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第6期9卷 2791-2803页

作者： Gang Yang Jinpeng Cao Jian Qin Xinyue Mei Shidong Deng Yingjiao Xia jun Zhao junxiang Wang Tao Luan Daxiang Chen Peiyu Huang Cheng Chen Xi sun Qi Luo Jie su Yunhui Zhang Nanshan Zhong Zhongfang Wang The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology.Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan provinceKunmingYunnanChina Guangzhou National Laboratory BiolandGuangzhouGuangdongChina State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease&National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Healththe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina

The immunoprotective components control COVID-19 disease severity,as well as long-term adaptive immunity maintenance and subsequent reinfection risk discrepancies across initial COVID-19 severity,remain ***,we longitudinally analyzed SARS-CoV-2-specific immune effectors during the acute infection and convalescent phases of 165 patients with COVID-19 categorized by *** found that early and robust SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)T cell responses ameliorate disease progression and shortened hospital stay,while delayed and attenuated virus-specific CD8^(+)T cell responses are prominent severe COVID-19 *** antiviral antibody generation rather than titer level associates with severe ***,initial COVID-19 severity imprints the long-term maintenance of SARS-CoV-2-specific adaptive immunity,demonstrating that severe convalescents exhibited more sustained virus-specific antibodies and memory T cell responses compared to mild/moderate ***,initial COVID-19 severity inversely correlates with SARS-CoV-2 reinfection ***,our study unravels the complicated interaction between temporal characteristics of virus-specific T cell responses and COVID-19 severity to guide future SARS-CoV-2 wave management.

关键词： severity immunity infection

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Electrical stimulation with polypyrrole-coated polycaprolactone/silk fibroin scaffold promotes sacral nerve regeneration by modulating macrophage polarisation

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Biomaterials Translational 2024年第2期5卷 157-174页

作者： Haofeng Cheng jun Bai Xingyu zhou Nantian Chen Qingyu Jiang Zhiqi Ren Xiangling Li Tianqi su Lijing Liang Wenli Jiang Yu Wang Jiang Peng Aijia Shang School of Medicine Nankai UniversityTianjinChina Department of Neurosurgery Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina Institute of Orthopedics Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in OrthopedicsKey Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma&War Injuries PLABeijingChina Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Graduate School of Chinese PLA General Hospital BeijingChina Department of Ultrasound Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina

Peripheral nerve injury poses a great threat to neurosurgery and limits the regenerative potential of sacral nerves in the neurogenic *** remains unknown whether electrical stimulation can facilitate sacral nerve regeneration in addition to modulate bladder *** objective of this study was to utilise electrical stimulation in sacra nerve crush injury with newly constructed electroconductive scaffold and explore the role of macrophages in electrical stimulation with crushed *** a result,we generated a polypyrrole-coated polycaprolactone/silk fibroin scaffold through which we applied electrical *** electrical stimulation boosted nerve regeneration and polarised the macrophages towards the M2 *** in vitro test using bone marrow derived macrophages revealed that the pro-regenerative polarisation of M2 were significantly enhanced by electrical *** analysis showed that the expression of signal transducer and activator of transcriptions(STATs)was differentially regulated in a way that promoted M2-related genes *** work indicated the feasibility of electricals stimulation used for sacral nerve regeneration and provided a firm demonstration of a pivotal role which macrophages played in electrical stimulation.

关键词： electrical stimulation JAK-STAT signalling pathway macrophage polarisation peripheral nerve regeneration polypyrrole sacral nerve injury

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知识型劳动力、人工智能应用与资本主义“去工业化”过程研究

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经济学家 2024年第8期 15-24页

作者：苏立君南开大学经济学院

知识型劳动力指专门从事科学研究和技术开发活动的劳动力。人工智能产业链包含基础层、技术层和应用层三个层次,分别意图实现对知识型劳动力的传承和吸纳知识、理解和创造知识以及传播和运用知识三重作用的替代。人工智能本质是人类劳... 详细信息

知识型劳动力指专门从事科学研究和技术开发活动的劳动力。人工智能产业链包含基础层、技术层和应用层三个层次,分别意图实现对知识型劳动力的传承和吸纳知识、理解和创造知识以及传播和运用知识三重作用的替代。人工智能本质是人类劳动的对象化,它不是“新劳动力”,而是“新生产资料”。人工智能作为生产资料具有新特性:它需要与传统生产资料结合构成社会化的生产资料系统;它的价值由数据商品价值和直接劳动投入数量决定;它的无形损耗和价值补偿取决于数字技术变革速度。资本通过占有人工智能实现了个别生产过程劳动时间节约和对总剩余劳动时间的调控。具体地,人工智能应用将基于知识型劳动力稀缺性形成的垄断权力从传统产业资本转移给人工智能行业的资本;将隶属于产业资本的雇佣劳动转变为隶属于数字资本的不稳定劳工;将按照资本增殖需要控制和扭曲社会总劳动时间的分配。因此,作为依附于传统产业资本的技术,在以利润动机为资本积累和经济增长驱动力的资本主义生产方式中,人工智能并不会改变资本主义已经深度不平衡的经济结构,反而会激化资本主义的内在矛盾。

关键词：人工智能知识型劳动力技术变革数字经济

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An in-depth understanding of the role and mechanisms of T cells in immune organ aging and age-related diseases

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Yudai Xu Zijian Wang Shumin Li jun su Lijuan Gao junwen Ou Zhanyi Lin Oscar junhong Luo Chanchan Xiao Guobing Chen Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of Medicine Institute of Geriatric Immunology School of Medicine Jinan University Key Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control (Jinan University) Ministry of Education Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Great Bay Area Geroscience Joint Laboratory School of Medicine Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital Jinan University Anti Aging Medical Center Clifford Hospital Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences) Southern Medical University Department of Systems Biomedical Sciences School of Medicine Jinan University The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University (Dongguan Eastern Central Hospital) Jinan University Zhuhai Institute of Jinan University Jinan University

T cells play a critical and irreplaceable role in maintaining overall health. However, their functions undergo alterations as individuals age. It is of utmost importance to comprehend the specific characteristics of T-cell aging, as this knowledge is crucial for gaining deeper insights into the pathogenesis of aging-related diseases and developing effective therapeutic strategies. In this review, we have thoroughly examined the existing studies on the characteristics of immune organ aging. Furthermore, we elucidated the changes and potential mechanisms that occur in T cells during the aging process. Additionally, we have discussed the latest research advancements pertaining to T-cell agingrelated diseases. These findings provide a fresh perspective for the study of T cells in the context of aging.

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Standard-definition White-light,High-definition White-light versus Narrow-band Imaging Endoscopy for Detecting Colorectal Adenomas:A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

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Current Medical Science 2024年第3期44卷 554-560页

作者： Chang-wei DUAN Hui-hong ZHAI Hui XIE Xian-zong MA Dong-liang YU Lang YANG Xin WANG Yu-fen TANG Jie ZHANG Hui su Jian-qiu SHENG jun-feng XU Peng JIN Chinese PLA General Hospital and Medical School Beijing100853China Department of Gastroenterology Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100053China Department of Gastroenterology The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing100700China Senior Department of Gastroenterology The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing100853China

Objective This study aimed to compare the performance of standard-definition white-light endoscopy(SD-WL),high-definition white-light endoscopy(HD-WL),and high-definition narrow-band imaging(HD-NBI)in detecting colorectal lesions in the Chinese *** This was a multicenter,single-blind,randomized,controlled trial with a non-inferiority *** undergoing endoscopy for physical examination,screening,and surveillance were enrolled from July 2017 to December *** primary outcome measure was the adenoma detection rate(ADR),defined as the proportion of patients with at least one adenoma *** associated factors for detecting adenomas were assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic *** Out of 653 eligible patients enrolled,data from 596 patients were *** ADRs were 34.5%in the SD-WL group,33.5%in the HD-WL group,and 37.5%in the HD-NBI group(P=0.72).The advanced neoplasm detection rates(ANDRs)in the three arms were 17.1%,15.5%,and 10.4%(P=0.17).No significant differences were found between the SD group and HD group regarding ADR or ANDR(ADR:34.5%vs.35.6%,P=0.79;ANDR:17.1%vs.13.0%,P=0.16,respectively).Similar results were observed between the HD-WL group and HD-NBI group(ADR:33.5%vs.37.7%,P=0.45;ANDR:15.5%vs.10.4%,P=0.18,respectively).In the univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses,neither HD-WL nor HD-NBI led to a significant difference in overall adenoma detection compared to SD-WL(HD-WL:OR 0.91,P=0.69;HD-NBI:OR 1.15,P=0.80).Conclusion HD-NBI and HD-WL are comparable to SD-WL for overall adenoma detection among Chinese *** can be concluded that HD-NBI or HD-WL is not superior to SD-WL,but more effective instruction may be needed to guide the selection of different endoscopic methods in the *** study’s conclusions may aid in the efficient allocation and utilization of limited colonoscopy resources,especially advanced imaging technologies.

关键词： standard-definition white-light endoscopy high-definition white-light endoscopy narrow-band imaging colonoscopy colorectal cancer screening adenoma detection rate

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数字基础设施与生产性服务业全球价值链地位攀升

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统计与决策 2024年第14期40卷 143-148页

作者：韩沈超杭州电子科技大学经济学院杭州310018

文章梳理和分析了数字基础设施影响生产性服务业全球价值链地位的机理,在此基础上,借助ITU、UIBE-GVC和ADB MRIO数据库60个国家(地区)2007—2020年的国别面板数据实证检验了数字基础设施对生产性服务业GVC地位的影响。结果显示:数字基... 详细信息

文章梳理和分析了数字基础设施影响生产性服务业全球价值链地位的机理,在此基础上,借助ITU、UIBE-GVC和ADB MRIO数据库60个国家(地区)2007—2020年的国别面板数据实证检验了数字基础设施对生产性服务业GVC地位的影响。结果显示:数字基础设施水平与生产性服务业GVC地位存在高度显著的正向关联,且主要通过服务业劳动生产率提升和创新生态系统改善两种渠道影响生产性服务业GVC地位,同时该影响还受到服务业开放度、受教育水平和ICT服务贸易规模的调节作用。此外,上述影响还存在显著的国别和行业异质性。

关键词：数字基础设施生产性服务业全球价值链地位高水平开放

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大跨钢桁架结构原位加载试验与分析

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建筑结构 2024年第18期54卷 112-117页

作者：苏刚谢军南通洋吕铁路开发建设有限公司南通226321 江苏科迪建设工程质量检测有限公司南京211124

某85m跨钢桁架施工阶段部分斜腹杆整体失稳和下弦杆局部变形,随即更换了相应斜腹杆。为了评价修复后钢桁架的可靠性,开展了原位加载试验。采用水加载,对钢桁架施加了9kN/m的荷载。试验结果表明,钢桁架杆件应力和位移与荷载近似呈线性变... 详细信息

某85m跨钢桁架施工阶段部分斜腹杆整体失稳和下弦杆局部变形,随即更换了相应斜腹杆。为了评价修复后钢桁架的可靠性,开展了原位加载试验。采用水加载,对钢桁架施加了9kN/m的荷载。试验结果表明,钢桁架杆件应力和位移与荷载近似呈线性变化,应力和位移值较小,均满足相关规范的要求。对原位加载阶段的钢桁架进行了有限元分析。结果表明,原位加载阶段的有限元分析结果与试验结果吻合较好。考虑到原位加载前钢桁架已经承受了大部分恒载,对钢桁架进行了施工全过程模拟,获得杆件施工全过程的受力状态。与原设计理想状态结果对比,实际施工过程中钢桁架顶升点附近下弦杆轴力接近理想值,弯矩略有增大;此外,在施工完成后,钢桁架在顶升点处向上隆起,线形略不平顺。原位试验及结构分析结果表明,更换斜腹杆未对整体结构受力性能产生明显影响,更换斜腹杆后结构安全,可正常使用。

关键词：钢桁架原位加载试验施工全过程分析位移应力

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聚α-烯烃合成基础油分子结构与性能关系研究进展

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石油学报（石油加工） 2024年第1期40卷 266-276页

作者：何垒垒苏朔龙军中石化石油化工科学研究院有限公司北京100083

介绍了聚α-烯烃(PAO)合成基础油的分子结构组成与性能之间的关系,其中包括分子结构与黏度、黏度指数和低温流动性之间的关系。通过分析现有的PAO分子结构参数与其黏度、黏度指数和低温流动性之间的关系,梳理出影响黏度的主要分子结构... 详细信息

介绍了聚α-烯烃(PAO)合成基础油的分子结构组成与性能之间的关系,其中包括分子结构与黏度、黏度指数和低温流动性之间的关系。通过分析现有的PAO分子结构参数与其黏度、黏度指数和低温流动性之间的关系,梳理出影响黏度的主要分子结构参数是相对分子质量、支链数量、支链长度和分子的有效长度。分子结构中支链数量、支链长度和支链位置对黏度指数有着重要的影响;支链数量和支链长度对低温流动性能有着重要的影响;支链数量少且较长的PAO分子结构(类似于星型)是兼具好的黏温性能和低温流动性较为理想的结构。因此,从分子水平研究PAO分子结构与性能关系,提炼设计和制备高性能PAO基础油理想结构组分的新思路,为PAO基础油产品升级和新技术的开发提供理论支撑和科学指导。

关键词：聚α-烯烃合成基础油构效关系结构参数低温流动性分子水平

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From the microspheres to scaffolds:advances in polymer microsphere scaffolds for bone regeneration applications

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Biomaterials Translational 2024年第3期5卷 274-299页

作者： Shuhao Yang Haoming Wu Chao Peng Jian He Zhengguang Pu Zhidong Lin jun Wang Yingkun Hu Qiao su Bingnan zhou Xin Yong Hai Lan Ning Hu Xulin Hu Department of Orthopaedics The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University ChongqingChina Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University Chengdu UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina School of Preclinical Medicine of Chengdu University Chengdu UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyangHenan ProvinceChina The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina West China School of Stomatology Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina School of Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMAUSA Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children Department of PaediatricsWest China Second University HospitalState Key Laboratory of BiotherapySichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina

The treatment and repair of bone tissue damage and loss due to infection,tumours,and trauma are major challenges in clinical *** bone scaffolds offer a safer,simpler,and more feasible alternative to bone transplantation,serving to fill bone defects and promote bone tissue ***,these scaffolds should possess osteoconductive,osteoinductive,and osseointegrative ***,the current first-generation implants,represented by titanium alloys,have shown poor bone-implant integration performance and cannot meet the requirements for bone tissue *** has led to increased research on second and third generation artificial bone scaffolds,which focus on loading bioactive molecules and *** microspheres,known for their high specific surface areas at the micro-and nanoscale,exhibit excellent cell and drug delivery ***,with their unique rigid structure,microsphere scaffolds can be constructed using methods such as thermal sintering,injection,and microsphere *** scaffolds not only ensure the excellent cell drug loading performance of microspheres but also exhibit spatial modulation behaviour,aiding in bone repair within a three-dimensional network *** article provides a summary and discussion of the use of polymer microsphere scaffolds for bone repair,focusing on the mechanisms of bone tissue repair and the current status of clinical bone grafts,aimed at advancing research in bone repair.

关键词： biomimetic scaffolds bone tissue engineering polymer microspheres regenerative medicine

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莫诺拉韦治疗COVID-19有效性和安全性的Meta分析

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中国循证医学杂志 2024年第1期24卷 43-48页

作者：梁燕坤吕军宿凌暨南大学药学院广州511443 暨南大学附属第一医院临床研究部广州510630 广东省中医药信息化重点实验室广州510632

目的系统评价莫诺拉韦治疗新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)的疗效与安全性。方法计算机检索CNKI、VIP、WanFang Data、PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library和Epistemonikos COVID-19 L OVE数据库,搜集莫诺拉韦治疗COVID-19的随机对照试验(RCT),检索时限均从建库至2023年7月。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入9个RCT,包括30675例患者。Meta分析结果显示,两组患者的28~29天住院率、28~29天死亡率、14~15天PCR检测结果转阴率和不良事件发生率的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。莫诺拉韦组显著增加4类系统性器官疾病的不良事件发生率。结论当前证据显示,莫诺拉韦的安全性和对伴有进展为重症高风险COVID-19患者的益处尚不明确。受纳入研究数量和质量的限制,上述结论尚待更多高质量研究予以验证。

关键词：莫诺拉韦安全性有效性 Meta分析系统评价随机对照试验

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