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Effects of oxygen concentration and flow rate on cognitive ability and physiological responses in the elderly

Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第3期8卷 264-269页

作者： Hyun-jun Kim Hyun-Kyung Park Dae-Woon Lim Mi-Hyun Choi Hyun-Joo Kim In-Hwa lee Hyung-sik Kim Jin-Seung Choi Gye-Rae Tack Soon-Cheol Chung Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology Konkuk University Department of Laboratory Medicine Seoul Clinical Laboratories Department of Information & Communication Engineering Dongguk University Department of Biomedical Engineering Research Institute of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Biomedical & Health ScienceKonkuk University

The supply of highly concentrated oxygen positively affects cognitive processing in normal young adults. However, there have been few reports on changes in cognitive ability in elderly subjects following highly concentrated oxygen administration. This study investigated changes in cognitive ability, blood oxygen saturation （%）, and heart rate （beats/min） in normal elderly subjects at three different levels of oxygen [21% （1 L/min）, 93% （1 L/min）, and 93% （5 L/min）] administered during a 1-back task. Eight elderly male （75.3 ＋ 4.3 years old） and 10 female （71.1 ＋ 3.9 years old） subjects, who were normal in cognitive ability as shown by a score of more than 24 points in the Mini-Mental State Examination-Korea, participated in the experiment. The experiment consisted of an adaptation phase after the start of oxygen administration （3 minutes）, a control phase to obtain stable baseline measurements of heart rate and blood oxygen saturation before the task （2 minutes） and a task phase during which the 1-back task was performed （2 minutes）. Three levels of oxygen were administered throughout the three phases （7 minutes）. Blood oxygen saturation and heart rate were measured during each phase. Our results show that blood oxygen saturation increased, heart rate decreased, and response time in the 1-back task decreased as the concentration and amount of administered oxygen increased. This shows that administration of sufficient oxygen for optimal cognitive functioning increases blood oxygen saturation and decreases heart rate.

关键词： neural regeneration clinical practice highly concentrated oxygen cognitive task 1-back task cognitive ability blood oxygen saturation heart rate physiological responses elderly grant-supported paper neuroregeneration

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Complications of common bile duct stones: A risk factors analysis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2021年第4期20卷 361-365页

作者： Dong jun Oh Ji Hyung Nam Dong Kee Jang jun Kyu lee Department of Internal Medicine Dongguk University Ilsan HospitalGoyang 10326Korea

Background: The latest guidelines recommended that common bile duct stones(CBDSs) should be removed, preferably endoscopically, regardless of the presence of symptoms or complications. However, the removal of CBDSs may not be feasible in very old patients or those with co-morbidities. In these cases, it is important to understand the risk factors for the development of CBDSs-related complications to decide whether or not to treat high-risk patients. Herein, we aimed to identify the risk factors for the development of complications after the diagnosis of CBDSs. Methods: The medical records of patients with CBDSs between October 2005 and September 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients with radiologically-diagnosed CBDSs, including those who received treatment and those who did not, were analyzed. Results: A total of 634 patients were included and 95(15.0%) patients had CBDS-related complications during the mean follow-up period of 32.6 months. Forty-four(6.9%) high-risk patients remained asymptomatic and did not receive treatment during the follow-up period. In multivariate analyses, size of CBDSs ≥ 5 mm and no treatment within 30 days were independent risk factors for the development of complications. The spontaneous passage of CBDSs was proved radiologically in 9 out of 81(11.1%) patients within 30 days. Conclusions: It is recommended treating CBDSs within 30 days from the diagnosis, even in high-risk patients, especially if the size is larger than 5 mm.

关键词： Common bile duct stone Risk factors Obstructive jaundice Pancreatitis Cholangitis

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Integrated design optimization of composite frames and materials for maximum fundamental frequency with continuous fiber winding angles

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2018年第6期34卷 1084-1094页

作者： Zunyi Duan jun Yan Ikjin lee Jingyuan Wang Tao Yu State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment Department of Engineering MechanicsInternational Research Center for Computational MechanicsDalian University ofTechnologyDalian 1 16024China Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea Harbin Electric Power Equipment Company Limited Harbin Electric Corporation LimitedHarbin 150028China

Fiber reinforced composite frame structure is an ideal lightweight and large-span structure in the fields of aerospace,satellite and wind *** fundamental frequency is one of key indicators in the design requirement of the composite frame since structural resonance can be effectively avoided with the increase of the fundamental *** by the concept of integrated design optmization of composite frame structures and materials,the design optimization for the maximum structural fundamental frequency of fiber reinforced frame structures is *** optimization model oriented at the maximum structural fundamental frequency under a composite material volume constraint is *** kinds of independent design variables are optimized,in which one is variables represented structural topology,the other is variables of continuous fiber winding *** analysis of the frequency with respect to the two kinds of independent design variables is implemented with the semi-analytical sensitivity *** representative examples in the manuscript demonstrate that the integrated design optimization of composite structures can effectively explore coupled effects between structural configurations and material properties to increase the structural fundamental *** proposed integrated optimization model has great potential to improve composite frames structural dynamic performance in aerospace industries.

关键词： Integrated optimization Maximum fundamental frequency Composite frame structures Continuous fiber winding angle Semi-analytical sensitivity analysis

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Acupoint catgut embedding for simple obesity in animal studies:a systematic review and Meta-analysis

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2023年第5期43卷 860-867页

作者： ZHAO HuiYan jun Purumea lee Chaewon HAN Chang-Hyun Korean Convergence Medical Science University of Science and Technology(UST)School of Korea Institute of Oriental MedicineDaejeon 34054Republic of Korea KM Science Research Division Korea Institute of Oriental MedicineDaejeon 34054Republic of Korea KM Data Division Korea Institute of Oriental MedicineDaejeon 34054Republic of Korea St.Johnsbury Academy Jeju 304Global edu-roDaejeong-eupSeogwipo-si 63644Republic of Kore

OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficacy of acupoint catgut embedding(ACE)for simple obesity in preclinical animal ***:We searched the following 14 electronic databases:PubM ed,Cochrane Library,EMBASE,Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System,KoreaMed,Korean Studies Information Service System,Science-on,Research Information Sharing Service,Korea Citation Index,Korea Traditional Knowledge Portal,China Network Knowledge Infrastructure Database,Wanfang Database,Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database,and Chinese Biology Medicine Database,from inception to November 2021 without language *** assessment was performed according to the guidelines of Animal Research:Reporting of in vivo experiments;and Metaanalysis was performed using Reviewer Manager 5.4.1 ***:Twenty-four studies involving 813 animals were ***-analysis showed that ACE was beneficial for weight control[n=40,MD=-50.63,95%CI(-57.59,-43.67),Plee index[n=40,MD=-18.79,95%CI(-20.01,-17.57),P<0.00001,I 2=0%].However,when efficacy of ACE was compared with that of manual acupuncture,electroacupuncture,or oilistat therapy,statistical difference was not observed between the two ***:This systematic review suggests that ACE may be efficacious in treating ***,the analyses highlighted the necessity to perform welldesigned,higher-quality experiments.

关键词： obesity acupoint catgut embedding animal study Meta-analysis systematic review

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Humidity-induced synaptic plasticity of ZnO artificial synapses using peptide insulator for neuromorphic computing

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第24期119卷 150-155页

作者： Min-Kyu Song Hojung lee Jeong Hyun Yoon Young-Woong Song Seok Daniel Namgung Taehoon Sung Yoon-sik lee Jong-Seok lee Ki Tae Nam Jang-Yeon Kwon School of Integrated Technology Yonsei UniversityIncheon 21983South Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826South Korea Soft Foundry Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826South Korea School of Chemical and Biological Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826South Korea

Neuromorphic devices inspired by the human brain have attracted significant attention because of their excellent ability for cognitive and parallel *** study presents ZnO-based artificial synapses with peptide insulators for the electrical emulation of biological *** demonstrated the dynamic responses of the device under various environmental *** proton-conducting property of the tyrosine-rich peptide enables time-dependent responses under ambient conditions such that various aspects of synaptic behaviors are emulated by the *** transition from short-term memory to longterm memory is achieved via electrochemical doping of ZnO by ***,we demonstrate an image classification simulation using a multi-layer perceptron model to evaluate the potential of the device for use in neuromorphic *** neural network based on our device achieved a recognition accuracy of 87.47% for the MNIST handwritten digit *** work proposes a novel device platform inspired by biosystems for brain-mimetic hardware systems.

关键词： Artificial synapse Neuromorphic computing Oxide semiconductor Proton conductor Artificial neural network

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Effects of initial texture on deformation behavior during cold rolling and static recrystallization during subsequent annealing of AZ31 alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第7期66卷 139-149页

作者： Sang Won lee Gukin Han Tea-Sung jun Sung Hyuk Park School of Materials Science and Engineering.Kyungpook National University Daegu 41566Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Incheon National UniversityIncheon 22012Republic of Korea

This study demonstrates that the initial texture of Mg alloy significantly affects the microstructure developed during cold rolling and the recrystallization behavior during subsequent annealing. In a sample with a texture oriented toward the normal direction(ND sample), thick and large-sized shear bands are intensively formed during cold rolling and the deformation is strongly localized along these bands. In contrast,in a sample with a texture oriented toward the transverse direction(TD sample), many {10-12} twins are formed at the early stage of cold rolling, and then, numerous small-sized shear bands are formed in these twins. Results of nanoindentation tests reveal that the cold-rolled ND sample has internal strain energy that is substantially concentrated along the shear bands, whereas the cold-rolled TD sample has a large amount of internal strain energy that is homogeneously distributed throughout the material;this latter behavior is strongly related to the extensive {10-12} twinning and the resultant microstructural variations in the TD sample. During subsequent annealing, recrystallization occurs locally along the shear bands in the ND sample, which leads to the formation of a bimodal grain structure comprising fine recrystallized grains and coarse unrecrystallized grains. In contrast, during subsequent annealing of the TD sample, static recrystallization occurs homogeneously throughout the material, which results in the formation of a uniform grain structure that mostly comprises equiaxed recrystallized grains.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Cold rolling Initial texture Twinning Static recrystallization

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Schottky barrier modulation of bottom contact SnO_(2) thin-film transistors via chloride-based combustion synthesis

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第17期148卷 199-208页

作者： Bongho Jang junhee lee Hongki Kang Jaewon Jang Hyuk-jun Kwon Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science DGISTDaegu 42988South Korea School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566South Korea School of Electronics Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566South Korea Convergence Research Advanced Centre for Olfaction DGISTDaegu 42988South Korea

The enhanced carrier flow at the interface between Au and SnO_(2)semiconductors,which initially form Schottky contacts,is realized using chloride-based combustion ***-based combustion sys-tems can achieve chlorine(Cl)doping effects as well as conversion to crystalline SnO_(2)films at clearly lower temperatures(∼250℃)than conventional *** to the Cl doping effect,the high carrier concentration can induce thin potential barriers at the metal/semiconductor(MS)junctions,resulting in carrier injection by *** a result,compared to conventional SnO_(2)thin-film transistors,the de-vices fabricated by combustion synthesis exhibit significantly improved electrical performance with field-effect mobility of 6.52 cm 2/Vs(∼13 times),subthreshold swing of 0.74 V/dec,and on/offratio of∼10^(7)below 300℃.Furthermore,because of the enhanced tunneling carriers induced by the narrowed barrier width,the Schottky barriers are significantly reduced from 0.83 to 0.29 eV(65%decrease)at 250℃and from 0.42 to 0.17 eV(60%decrease)at 400℃.Therefore,chloride-based combustion synthesis can con-tribute to developing SnO_(2)-based electronics and flexible devices by achieving both high-quality oxide films and improved current flow at the MS interface with low-temperature annealing.

关键词： SnO_(2) Combustion Sol-gel Schottky contact Thin-film transistors

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Tyrosine-mediated analog resistive switching for artificial neural networks

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Nano Research 2023年第1期16卷 858-864页

作者： Min-Kyu Song Seok Daniel Namgung Hojung lee Jeong Hyun Yoon Young-Woong Song Kang Hee Cho Yoon-sik lee Jong-Seok lee Ki Tae Nam Jang-Yeon Kwon School of Integrated Technology Yonsei UniversityIncheon 21983Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyMA 02139USA Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyMA 02139USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Soft Foundry Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea School of Chemical and Biological Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea

The fourth industrial revolution indispensably brings explosive data processing and storage;thus,a new computing paradigm based on artificial intelligence-enabling device structure is urgently *** have received considerable attention in this regard because of their ability to process and store data at the same ***,fundamental problems with abrupt switching characteristics limit their practical *** address this problem,we utilized the concept of metaplasticity inspired by biosystems and observed gradual switching in the peptide-based memristor at high proton *** unexpectedly high slope value>1.7 in the logI–V curve at low voltage(≤400 mV)was considered the main origin,and it might arise from the modulatory response of proton ions on the threshold of Ag ion migration in the peptide *** the obtained gradual switching property at high proton conductivity,the device showed significantly increased accuracy of image recognition(~82.5%).We believe that such a demonstration not only contributes to the practical application of neuromorphic devices but also expands the bioinspired functional synthetic platform.

关键词： artificial synapse neuromorphic computing proton conductor peptide materials artificial neural network

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Randomized clinical trial comparing fixed-time split dosing and split dosing of oral Picosulfate regimen for bowel preparation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第32期23卷 5986-5993页

作者： Jae Hyuck jun Koon Hee Han Jong Kyu Park Hyun Il Seo Young Don Kim Sang Jin lee Baek Gyu jun Min sik Hwang Yoon Kyoo Park Myeong Jong Kim Gab Jin Cheon Department of Internal Medicine Gangneung Asan Hospital University of Ulsan College of Medicine Catholic Kwandong University

AIM To compare the efficacy of fixed-time split dose and split dose of an oral sodium picosulfate for bowel *** This is study was prospective, randomized controlled study performed at a single Institution(2013-058). A total of 204 subjects were assigned to receive one of two sodium picosulfate regimens(i.e., fixed-time split or split) prior to colonoscopy. Main outcome measurements were bowel preparation quality and subject *** There was no statistical difference between the fixedtime split dose regimen group and the split dose regimen group(Ottawa score mean 2.57 ± 1.91 vs 2.80 ± 2.51, P = 0.457). Cecal intubation time and physician's satisfaction of inspection were not significantly different between the two groups(P = 0.428, P = 0.489). On subgroup analysis, for afternoon procedures, the fixed-time split dose regimen was equally effective as compared with the split dose regimen(Ottawa score mean 2.56 ± 1.78 vs 2.59 ± 2.27, P = 0.932). There was no difference in tolerability or compliance between the two groups. Nausea was 21.2% in the fixed-time split dose group and 14.3% in the split dose group(P = 0.136). Vomiting was 7.1% and 2.9%(P = 0.164), abdominal discomfort 7.1% and 4.8%(P = 0.484), dizziness 1% and 4.8%(P = 0.113), cold sweating 1% and 0%(P = 0.302) and palpitation 0% and 1%(P = 0.330), respectively. Sleep disturbance was two(2%) patients in the fixed-time split dose group and zero(0%) patient in the split dose preparation(P = 0.143) *** A fixed-time split dose regimen with sodium picosulfate is not inferior to a split dose regimen for bowel preparation and equally effective for afternoon colonoscopy.

关键词： Colonoscopy Bowel preparation Split dose preparation Sodium picosulfate Ottawa Bowel Preparation Scale

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Stable switching behavior of low-temperature ZrO_(2)RRAM devices realized by combustion synthesis-assisted photopatterning

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第22期189卷 68-76页

作者： Bongho Jang junil Kim Jieun lee Jaewon Jang Hyuk-jun Kwon Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science DGISTDaegu 42988Korea School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Korea School of Electronics Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Korea Convergence Research Advanced Centre for Olfaction DGISTDaegu 42988Korea

We have realized efficient photopatterning and high-quality ZrO_(2)films through combustion synthesis and manufactured resistive random access memory(RRAM)devices with excellent switching stability at low temperatures(250℃)using these *** synthesis reduces the energy required for oxide conversion,thus accelerating the decomposition of organic ligands in the UV-exposed area,and promoting the formation of metal-oxygen networks,contributing to *** analysis confirmed a reduction in the conversion temperature of combustion precursors,and the prepared combustion ZrO_(2)films exhibited a high proportion of metal-oxygen bonding that constitutes the oxide lattice,along with an amorphous ***,the synergistic effect of combustion synthesis and UV/O_(3)-assisted photochemical activation resulted in patterned ZrO_(2)films forming even more complete metal-oxygen *** devices fabricated with patterned ZrO_(2)films using combustion synthesis exhibited excellent switching characteristics,including a narrow resistance distribution,endurance of 103 cycles,and retention for 105 s at 85℃,despite low-temperature *** synthesis not only enables the formation of high-quality metal oxide films with low external energy but also facilitates improved photopatterning.

关键词： ZrO_(2) Combustion Sol-gel RRAM Patterning

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